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Implementing a Robust Problem Solving Process

Article written by Michelle Brown

Every company is at a different stage of the Lean Enterprise journey continuum and has a need for robust problem solving; at TXM, our Lean consultants see across the whole spectrum, from those just starting to realise there is a better way of doing things on daily basis, to those who have robust production flow and kanban systems. A key transition step from “implementing” Lean to it becoming a way of daily manufacturing life is how we build problem solving into everything we do.

Everyday Problem Solving

The TXM concern strips provide a forum for everyday highlighting and addressing issues that arise at the production cell level. The best training we can offer our operators is the skills to identify problems and come up with possible solutions. This helps to embed responsibility to the team for their own issues.

Including a review of the concern strips into the morning meetings keeps the focus on problem solving. A weekly deep dive into the cells concern strips is also needed so the greater support network can help the cell develop robust, root cause corrective actions.

SPED fishbone diagrams and 5 whys must tie together

Developing Robust, Root Cause Corrective Actions

While concern strips are great to improve visibility of daily issues, they are not sufficient to delve into all of the factors that may have influenced that problem. This is where the fishbone diagram and 5 Whys are also needed.

Fishbone diagrams, developed by cross functional teams allow all of the issues which may contribute to a problem to be flushed out. The top two or three items can then be subjected to the 5 Why process, diving deeply into why ash situation has arisen.

Once the most likely root cause and a possible corrective action has been established, the concern strip is used to monitor how well the solution has fixed the problem.

Where to Begin with Problem Solving

Once daily meetings have been going well for a few weeks, it is time to introduce concern strips to your manufacturing cells. Your lean consultant can help you with setting up the infrastructure and logistics. Documenting your problem solving process and training all involved is as critical in problem solving as with any of the other lean tools.

And remember, as the Lean Enterprise Institute points out: Sustaining a lean transformation requires continuous problem solving by everyone in the company. Success hinges on how well we teach and apply a robust, shared problem-solving method at all levels to incorporate “evolutionary learning” into the company culture – www.lei.org/leanproblemsolving

Visit our E-Store to Purchase Concern Strips to Help Solve Problems in Your Business

Author: Robert Chittenden

Robert Chittenden is a Senior Lean Consultant at TXM Lean Solutions

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Article • 7 min read

The CATWOE Checklist

Developing a robust problem definition.

By the Mind Tools Content Team

What do you do when you're faced with a really big business problem? Suppose, for example, that your staff retention is low and you don't know why.

Maybe you'd brainstorm the possible reasons, and apply a range of different problem-solving skills to fix them. But what if you've focused on the wrong problem, or you're just looking at one symptom of a larger problem?

By focusing on one aspect, you tend to stop looking for other potential issues. That's when you risk missing the core problem, which could be more serious than the problem you identified first.

In this article, you can find out how CATWOE can be a useful tool for defining and identifying the real problem.

What Is CATWOE?

Put simply, CATWOE is a mnemonic checklist for defining a problem.

It derives from the work of systems engineering professor Peter Checkland, who developed the problem-solving Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) in the 1960s.

SSM looks at the activities or business being examined as a system, and boils that system down to a “Root Definition.”

SSM works best when the Root Definition identifies the people, processes and environment that contribute to the situation or problem that you need to analyze. These elements are represented by the mnemonic, CATWOE.

CATWOE stands for:

CATWOE Model used with permission of Lancaster University.

When you consider the situation from these six, very different, perspectives, you open your thinking beyond the issue that sits directly in front of you. As a result, the output of your brainstorming and problem solving will likely be be much more comprehensive.

You don't have to follow CATWOE in the order that the mnemonic suggests. In many cases, WTCAOE may be more effective, and it is the order that many current analysts follow.

How to Use CATWOE

Before you try to solve an important problem, use the CATWOE checklist to brainstorm the various people and elements that are affected. This will expand your thinking about the situation.

We'll use our example of low staff retention rates to illustrate the four steps involved.

Step 1: Describe the Situation

Define what you are thinking about. This is not a problem statement (that is, a full description of the issue that needs to be addressed); it is merely a statement that describes the situation. For example:

"Thinking about ways to improve staff retention."

Step 2: Brainstorm Ideas

For each CATWOE element, ask questions based on those in the table above, but which relate to the specific problem that you're trying to solve. Make sure that your answers cover all areas likely affected by the problem, and focus on the likely underlying causes. For example:

Step 3: Zero in on the Problem

Analyze your answers to the CATWOE questions, and look for the underlying processes that are having the greatest impact on the issue that you're investigating. In the example above, the following likely have the greatest impact on the issue:

Corporate culture.

Staff learning and development.

Step 4: Start to Solve the Problem

After going through CATWOE, you will have a much clearer idea of the nature of the problems you need to deal with.

You'll likely have a larger number of them, and presumably more root problems, than you started out with, so separate out those that you can identify. For example, you may come up with the following:

Our company culture isn't people oriented: new people are left to "sink or swim."

There's no effective onboarding.

The rewards that we give are not motivating or engaging people.

Then, begin your process of solving these problems. The strategies that you use will likely lie outside the scope of CATWOE, and will vary depending on the nature of the problems you tackle. You can find a range of problem-solving strategies here .

CATWOE is a method for expanding your thinking about a problem or situation before you zero in on a specific problem that you want to solve.

By analyzing the CATWOE factors (Customers, Actors, Transformation process, World view, Owner, and Environmental constraints) that are influencing an issue of concern, you keep your perspective broad and are able to look at the issue from many angles.

Smyth, D.S. and Checkland,P.B. (1976) ‘Using a systems approach: the structure of root definitions’, Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, 5(1), 75–83

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Guide: 8D Problem Solving

Daniel Croft

Daniel Croft is an experienced continuous improvement manager with a Lean Six Sigma Black Belt and a Bachelor's degree in Business Management. With more than ten years of experience applying his skills across various industries, Daniel specializes in optimizing processes and improving efficiency. His approach combines practical experience with a deep understanding of business fundamentals to drive meaningful change.

Last Updated: June 13, 2023
Learn Lean Sigma

8D Problem Solving is a systematic and structured approach used to solve business related problems. It names has been given by the fact there are 8 steps or 8 disciplines that are followed to identify, correct and eliminate recurring problems.

8D Problem Solving is regarded as robust methodology that has proven its worth across multiple industries and manufacturing in particular. The methodology was Initially developed within the automotive industry, it has since been widely adopted in manufacturing, logistics and health care to name a few. The 8D approach goes beyond helping team just identify the root cause of problem but also provides a structured approach for implementing and verifying corrective actions.

What is 8d problem solving.

The 8D Problem-Solving methodology was developed in the late 1980s by Ford Motor Company. The term “8D” stands for “Eight Disciplines,” which represent the eight critical steps in problem-solving.

Initially it was only intended to resolve issues within the automotive manufacturing process. However, over the year since then the methodology has gained universal acceptance and is now applied across various sectors. The 8D approach was heavily influenced by quality management systems like Total Quality Management (TQM) and methodologies like Six Sigma and forms a key part of quality roles and Six sigma qualifications.

8D is also encourages collaborative team based approach to addressing issues in the workplace This methodology was purposefully designed to be a cross-functional effort, ensuring to bring together expertise from different departments or disciplines to comprehensively address an issue by looking at it from all point of view. Here are the key components:

Preparation : Before diving into problem-solving, the team gathers all necessary resources and tools.

Team Establishment : A cross-functional team is assembled, each member having a specific role and responsibility.

Problem Description : The issue at hand is clearly defined to ensure everyone has a shared understanding.

Interim Actions : Short-term solutions are implemented to contain the problem and prevent further damage.

Root Cause Analysis : Various tools and methods are used to identify the real cause of the problem.

Permanent Corrective Actions : Long-term solutions are selected and verified to eliminate the root cause.

Implementation : The long-term solutions are implemented across the board, including necessary changes to policies and procedures.

Prevent Recurrence : Measures are taken to ensure that the problem does not occur again.

Team Recognition : The team is congratulated and acknowledged for their efforts.

How does 8D Compare to over Problem-Solving Methods?

Between quality management systems and lean six sigma there are several problem-solving methodologies such as PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act), DMAIC (Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control), and A3 . However the combination of the 8D steps results in a comprehensive frame work that is:

Team-Oriented : Unlike some methodologies that can be carried out by individuals, 8D strongly emphasizes team collaboration as a core principle as seen in steps D1 and D8.

Structured Framework : 8D provides a very detailed, step-by-step guide for solving complex problems, by breaking it down in to logical steps making it easier to manage and track progress.

Broad Applicability : While some methodologies like DMAIC are closely tied to Six Sigma, 8D can be applied in various contexts without being tied to a particular quality management system.

Focus on Prevention : 8D not only aims to solve the problem but also focuses on implementing changes to prevent its recurrence, making it a complete approach to problem solving.

The 8 Disciplines Explained

D0: prepare for the process.

Before you start 8D you should prepare for the 8D process. This phase sets the foundation for the entire methodology, ensuring that the team is able to tackle the problem effectively. Therefore, effective preparation helps in avoiding unnecessary delays and ensures that you’re not solving the wrong problem.

Within the initial preparation step you should also the time to think about what knowledge, expertise and experience you need within the team. Cross-functional teams are important, as they bring alternative perspectives and skills to the table rather than everyone looking at the problem from one point of view. Make sure you consider expertise, availability, and interest when selecting team members.

D1: Establish the Team

In D1 you should establish the team by clearly defining the roles and responsibilities for each team member. This includes assigning a team leader, subject matter experts, and roles for data collection , analysis, and communication this helps to provide the team members clarity on how they will be involved and contribute to the success of the problems solving activity.

Team Composition

Once roles are defined, where possible ensure that the team is balanced in terms of skills and expertise. A well-rounded team will be more effective in tackling various aspects of the problem.

Communication

Establish clear methods communication, both within the team and with external stakeholders. Such as deciding on regular meeting schedules that everyone can attend, reporting formats, and tools for collaboration.

D2: Describe the Problem

In D2 it is time to create a well formed problem statement. This step is key as it provides a foundation for understanding the problem which will lead to generally more successful problem-solving. It ensures that everyone clearly understands what needs to be addressed, setting the scope for the entire process. Ensure that the problem is clearly understood by everyone in the team at this stage to prevent confusion later on in the process.

5W1H Method of creating a Problem Definition

Use data gathering techniques such as observations, interviews, and document reviews can help to precisely identify the problem. A useful tool to use at this stage could be the 5W1H Problem definition method.

You can find out more about this method with our 5W1H guide .

Problem Definition – is / is not template

When creating your problem definition ensure to be specific, measurable, and unambiguous when stating the problem. You should avoid generalities and ensure that the problem statement is understandable to someone unfamiliar with the issue. If you are new to this process it may be helpful to give the statement to someone unfamiliar to the process and see if they understand it or if they have questions. You can then clarify any questions by adjusting the problem description to improve the claity.

D3: Implement and Verify Interim Actions

In D3 while the team is investigating the root cause, interim actions are must be implement to contain the problem and minimize its impact. This is particularly important in critical situations affecting safety, compliance, or customer satisfaction.

In this step you should identify, plan, and execute short-term fixes that can quickly contain the problem. This could include quarantining the product to ensure it is not sent out to the customer or even pausing production lines that continue to product defects. Ensure these actions are documented for future reference.

Use metrics and KPIs to gauge the effectiveness of the interim actions. Make adjustments as necessary.

D4: Root Cause Analysis

D4 is where you start to understand what is causing the issue by identifying the underlying reason for the problem. The objective is to find the root cause, not just the symptoms.

At this stage there are a range of quality and lean six sigma tools that can be used to conduct root cause analysis , which can include the Fishbone Diagram for structured brainstorming and the 5 Whys technique for causal chain analysis.

We have a range of guides on all of these techniques for you to use.

Once identified, it is important validate the root cause through experimentation or additional data analysis to ensure it’s the actual cause and not a symptom, this can often be an overlook critical step in the root cause process.

D5: Choose and Verify Permanent Corrective Actions

In D5 you need to choose what actions to be taken to prevent the problem reoccurring and any solutions implemented should be verified that the actions correct the problem this can involve trial runs, further data collection and inspections of product or services being produced.

You should also consider factors like cost, impact, and feasibility when choosing a permanent corrective action and should also conduct a risk assessment to evaluate potential negative outcomes of the actions taken

An implementation or action plan is often useful to document at this stage to detail the steps for implementation, assign responsibilities, and set timelines.

D6: Implement Permanent Corrective Actions

Once verified, implement the corrective actions across all relevant departments or processes. This can involved documenting the new process and training out to all stakeholders involved to ensure the new process is followed and that the stakeholders understand the reason for the change.

At this point you should continue to regularly monitor the situation to ensure the corrective actions are sustained and effective, this could be for a period of 30, 60 or 90 days after the problem was resolved to ensure the new process has become a sustained and issues do not reoccur.

D7: Prevent Recurrence

In D7 to prevent recurrent you should review and update organizational policies or standard operating procedures (SOPs) to prevent a recurrence of the problem and document the new standard process

It is important to conduct regular reviews to continuously monitor the process and ensure procedures are being followed but also to identify further opportunities for process improvement.

D8: Congratulate the Team

The final step D8, after the hard work and successful problem resolution, it is important to acknowledging and congratulating the team is vital for morale and future engagement. With the recognition of a successful 8D Problem-solving activity complete you are more likely to encourage future participation as the method gets a reputation as being useful and successful at solving problems.

Whether it’s a team lunch, certificates of achievement, or simply a public acknowledgment, celebrate the success in a way that resonates with your team.

Finally it is always important to conduct a lessons-learned session and document the insights gained during the process for future reference. This can be used as a future point of reference for problem solving activities.

Mastering the art of problem-solving is crucial in today’s complex and fast-paced environment. The 8D Problem-Solving methodology offers a structured, team-based approach to tackling challenges that can arise in any sector, be it manufacturing, public services, or logistics. This guide has walked you through each of the eight disciplines, offering best practices and highlighting common pitfalls to avoid. We’ve also enriched your understanding through real-world case studies that demonstrate the methodology’s versatility and effectiveness. Remember, the strength of 8D lies not just in identifying and resolving problems, but also in preventing their recurrence through systemic improvements. By adhering to the principles and steps outlined in this guide, you’re well on your way to becoming an adept problem solver, capable of driving continuous improvement in your organization.

Zarghami, A. and Benbow, D.W., 2017. Introduction to 8D problem solving . Quality Press.
Camarillo, A., Ríos, J. and Althoff, K.D., 2017. CBR and PLM applied to diagnosis and technical support during problem solving in the Continuous Improvement Process of manufacturing plants . Procedia Manufacturing , 13 , pp.987-994.

Q: What is 8D problem solving?

A: 8D problem solving is a systematic approach used to address and resolve complex problems. It is widely utilized in various industries to identify the root causes of issues, develop effective solutions, and prevent their recurrence.

Q: Why is it called "8D" problem solving?

A: The name “8D” refers to the eight disciplines or steps involved in the problem-solving process. Each discipline represents a specific stage in the methodology, allowing for a structured and comprehensive approach to problem resolution.

Q: What are the eight disciplines (8D) in problem solving?

A: The eight disciplines in problem solving, often abbreviated as 8D, are as follows:

D1: Form a team
D2: Define the problem
D3: Implement containment actions
D4: Determine the root cause
D5: Develop and implement corrective actions
D6: Validate the effectiveness of corrective actions
D7: Prevent recurrence
D8: Congratulate the team

Q: What is the purpose of forming a team in the 8D problem-solving process?

A: Forming a team at the beginning of the 8D problem-solving process helps ensure that the right individuals with the necessary expertise are involved in addressing the problem. The team collaboratively works towards understanding the issue, analyzing data, and developing effective solutions.

Q: How is the root cause determined in the 8D problem-solving process?

A: Determining the root cause (D4) involves conducting a thorough analysis of the problem. Various tools and techniques, such as cause-and-effect diagrams, 5 Whys, and data analysis, are employed to identify the underlying factors contributing to the problem.

Q: Can the 8D problem-solving methodology be applied to any type of problem?

A: Yes, the 8D problem-solving methodology is a versatile approach that can be applied to various types of problems across different industries. It provides a structured framework for problem resolution and can be tailored to suit the specific needs and requirements of different situations.

Daniel Croft is a seasoned continuous improvement manager with a Black Belt in Lean Six Sigma. With over 10 years of real-world application experience across diverse sectors, Daniel has a passion for optimizing processes and fostering a culture of efficiency. He's not just a practitioner but also an avid learner, constantly seeking to expand his knowledge. Outside of his professional life, Daniel has a keen Investing, statistics and knowledge-sharing, which led him to create the website learnleansigma.com, a platform dedicated to Lean Six Sigma and process improvement insights.

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What is a problem solving process?

What are the problem solving steps I need to follow?

Problem solving strategies

What skills do i need to be an effective problem solver, how can i improve my problem solving skills.

Solving problems is like baking a cake. You can go straight into the kitchen without a recipe or the right ingredients and do your best, but the end result is unlikely to be very tasty!

Using a process to bake a cake allows you to use the best ingredients without waste, collect the right tools, account for allergies, decide whether it is a birthday or wedding cake, and then bake efficiently and on time. The result is a better cake that is fit for purpose, tastes better and has created less mess in the kitchen. Also, it should have chocolate sprinkles. Having a step by step process to solve organizational problems allows you to go through each stage methodically and ensure you are trying to solve the right problems and select the most appropriate, effective solutions.

What are the problem solving steps I need to follow?

All problem solving processes go through a number of steps in order to move from identifying a problem to resolving it.

Depending on your problem solving model and who you ask, there can be anything between four and nine problem solving steps you should follow in order to find the right solution. Whatever framework you and your group use, there are some key items that should be addressed in order to have an effective process.

We’ve looked at problem solving processes from sources such as the American Society for Quality and their four step approach , and Mediate ‘s six step process. By reflecting on those and our own problem solving processes, we’ve come up with a sequence of seven problem solving steps we feel best covers everything you need in order to effectively solve problems.

1. Problem identification

The first stage of any problem solving process is to identify the problem or problems you might want to solve. Effective problem solving strategies always begin by allowing a group scope to articulate what they believe the problem to be and then coming to some consensus over which problem they approach first. Problem solving activities used at this stage often have a focus on creating frank, open discussion so that potential problems can be brought to the surface.

2. Problem analysis

Though this step is not a million miles from problem identification, problem analysis deserves to be considered separately. It can often be an overlooked part of the process and is instrumental when it comes to developing effective solutions.

The process of problem analysis means ensuring that the problem you are seeking to solve is the right problem . As part of this stage, you may look deeper and try to find the root cause of a specific problem at a team or organizational level.

Remember that problem solving strategies should not only be focused on putting out fires in the short term but developing long term solutions that deal with the root cause of organizational challenges.

Whatever your approach, analyzing a problem is crucial in being able to select an appropriate solution and the problem solving skills deployed in this stage are beneficial for the rest of the process and ensuring the solutions you create are fit for purpose.

3. Solution generation

Once your group has nailed down the particulars of the problem you wish to solve, you want to encourage a free flow of ideas connecting to solving that problem. This can take the form of problem solving games that encourage creative thinking or problem solving activities designed to produce working prototypes of possible solutions.

The key to ensuring the success of this stage of the problem solving process is to encourage quick, creative thinking and create an open space where all ideas are considered. The best solutions can come from unlikely places and by using problem solving techniques that celebrate invention, you might come up with solution gold.

4. Solution development

No solution is likely to be perfect right out of the gate. It’s important to discuss and develop the solutions your group has come up with over the course of following the previous problem solving steps in order to arrive at the best possible solution. Problem solving games used in this stage involve lots of critical thinking, measuring potential effort and impact, and looking at possible solutions analytically.

During this stage, you will often ask your team to iterate and improve upon your frontrunning solutions and develop them further. Remember that problem solving strategies always benefit from a multitude of voices and opinions, and not to let ego get involved when it comes to choosing which solutions to develop and take further.

Finding the best solution is the goal of all problem solving workshops and here is the place to ensure that your solution is well thought out, sufficiently robust and fit for purpose.

5. Decision making

Nearly there! Once your group has reached consensus and selected a solution that applies to the problem at hand you have some decisions to make. You will want to work on allocating ownership of the project, figure out who will do what, how the success of the solution will be measured and decide the next course of action.

The decision making stage is a part of the problem solving process that can get missed or taken as for granted. Fail to properly allocate roles and plan out how a solution will actually be implemented and it less likely to be successful in solving the problem.

Have clear accountabilities, actions, timeframes, and follow-ups. Make these decisions and set clear next-steps in the problem solving workshop so that everyone is aligned and you can move forward effectively as a group.

Ensuring that you plan for the roll-out of a solution is one of the most important problem solving steps. Without adequate planning or oversight, it can prove impossible to measure success or iterate further if the problem was not solved.

6. Solution implementation

This is what we were waiting for! All problem solving strategies have the end goal of implementing a solution and solving a problem in mind.

Remember that in order for any solution to be successful, you need to help your group through all of the previous problem solving steps thoughtfully. Only then can you ensure that you are solving the right problem but also that you have developed the correct solution and can then successfully implement and measure the impact of that solution.

Project management and communication skills are key here – your solution may need to adjust when out in the wild or you might discover new challenges along the way.

7. Solution evaluation

So you and your team developed a great solution to a problem and have a gut feeling its been solved. Work done, right? Wrong. All problem solving strategies benefit from evaluation, consideration, and feedback. You might find that the solution does not work for everyone, might create new problems, or is potentially so successful that you will want to roll it out to larger teams or as part of other initiatives.

None of that is possible without taking the time to evaluate the success of the solution you developed in your problem solving model and adjust if necessary.

Remember that the problem solving process is often iterative and it can be common to not solve complex issues on the first try. Even when this is the case, you and your team will have generated learning that will be important for future problem solving workshops or in other parts of the organization.

It’s worth underlining how important record keeping is throughout the problem solving process. If a solution didn’t work, you need to have the data and records to see why that was the case. If you go back to the drawing board, notes from the previous workshop can help save time. Data and insight is invaluable at every stage of the problem solving process and this one is no different.

Problem solving workshops made easy

Problem solving strategies are methods of approaching and facilitating the process of problem-solving with a set of techniques , actions, and processes. Different strategies are more effective if you are trying to solve broad problems such as achieving higher growth versus more focused problems like, how do we improve our customer onboarding process?

Broadly, the problem solving steps outlined above should be included in any problem solving strategy though choosing where to focus your time and what approaches should be taken is where they begin to differ. You might find that some strategies ask for the problem identification to be done prior to the session or that everything happens in the course of a one day workshop.

The key similarity is that all good problem solving strategies are structured and designed. Four hours of open discussion is never going to be as productive as a four-hour workshop designed to lead a group through a problem solving process.

Good problem solving strategies are tailored to the team, organization and problem you will be attempting to solve. Here are some example problem solving strategies you can learn from or use to get started.

Use a workshop to lead a team through a group process

Often, the first step to solving problems or organizational challenges is bringing a group together effectively. Most teams have the tools, knowledge, and expertise necessary to solve their challenges – they just need some guidance in how to use leverage those skills and a structure and format that allows people to focus their energies.

Facilitated workshops are one of the most effective ways of solving problems of any scale. By designing and planning your workshop carefully, you can tailor the approach and scope to best fit the needs of your team and organization.

Problem solving workshop

Creating a bespoke, tailored process
Tackling problems of any size
Building in-house workshop ability and encouraging their use

Workshops are an effective strategy for solving problems. By using tried and test facilitation techniques and methods, you can design and deliver a workshop that is perfectly suited to the unique variables of your organization. You may only have the capacity for a half-day workshop and so need a problem solving process to match.

By using our session planner tool and importing methods from our library of 700+ facilitation techniques, you can create the right problem solving workshop for your team. It might be that you want to encourage creative thinking or look at things from a new angle to unblock your groups approach to problem solving. By tailoring your workshop design to the purpose, you can help ensure great results.

One of the main benefits of a workshop is the structured approach to problem solving. Not only does this mean that the workshop itself will be successful, but many of the methods and techniques will help your team improve their working processes outside of the workshop.

We believe that workshops are one of the best tools you can use to improve the way your team works together. Start with a problem solving workshop and then see what team building, culture or design workshops can do for your organization!

Run a design sprint

Great for:

aligning large, multi-discipline teams
quickly designing and testing solutions
tackling large, complex organizational challenges and breaking them down into smaller tasks

By using design thinking principles and methods, a design sprint is a great way of identifying, prioritizing and prototyping solutions to long term challenges that can help solve major organizational problems with quick action and measurable results.

Some familiarity with design thinking is useful, though not integral, and this strategy can really help a team align if there is some discussion around which problems should be approached first.

The stage-based structure of the design sprint is also very useful for teams new to design thinking. The inspiration phase, where you look to competitors that have solved your problem, and the rapid prototyping and testing phases are great for introducing new concepts that will benefit a team in all their future work.

It can be common for teams to look inward for solutions and so looking to the market for solutions you can iterate on can be very productive. Instilling an agile prototyping and testing mindset can also be great when helping teams move forwards – generating and testing solutions quickly can help save time in the long run and is also pretty exciting!

Break problems down into smaller issues

Organizational challenges and problems are often complicated and large scale in nature. Sometimes, trying to resolve such an issue in one swoop is simply unachievable or overwhelming. Try breaking down such problems into smaller issues that you can work on step by step. You may not be able to solve the problem of churning customers off the bat, but you can work with your team to identify smaller effort but high impact elements and work on those first.

This problem solving strategy can help a team generate momentum, prioritize and get some easy wins. It’s also a great strategy to employ with teams who are just beginning to learn how to approach the problem solving process. If you want some insight into a way to employ this strategy, we recommend looking at our design sprint template below!

Use guiding frameworks or try new methodologies

Some problems are best solved by introducing a major shift in perspective or by using new methodologies that encourage your team to think differently.

Props and tools such as Methodkit , which uses a card-based toolkit for facilitation, or Lego Serious Play can be great ways to engage your team and find an inclusive, democratic problem solving strategy. Remember that play and creativity are great tools for achieving change and whatever the challenge, engaging your participants can be very effective where other strategies may have failed.

LEGO Serious Play

Improving core problem solving skills
Thinking outside of the box
Encouraging creative solutions

LEGO Serious Play is a problem solving methodology designed to get participants thinking differently by using 3D models and kinesthetic learning styles. By physically building LEGO models based on questions and exercises, participants are encouraged to think outside of the box and create their own responses.

Collaborate LEGO Serious Play exercises are also used to encourage communication and build problem solving skills in a group. By using this problem solving process, you can often help different kinds of learners and personality types contribute and unblock organizational problems with creative thinking.

Problem solving strategies like LEGO Serious Play are super effective at helping a team solve more skills-based problems such as communication between teams or a lack of creative thinking. Some problems are not suited to LEGO Serious Play and require a different problem solving strategy.

Card Decks and Method Kits

New facilitators or non-facilitators
Approaching difficult subjects with a simple, creative framework
Engaging those with varied learning styles

Card decks and method kids are great tools for those new to facilitation or for whom facilitation is not the primary role. Card decks such as the emotional culture deck can be used for complete workshops and in many cases, can be used right out of the box. Methodkit has a variety of kits designed for scenarios ranging from personal development through to personas and global challenges so you can find the right deck for your particular needs.

Having an easy to use framework that encourages creativity or a new approach can take some of the friction or planning difficulties out of the workshop process and energize a team in any setting. Simplicity is the key with these methods. By ensuring everyone on your team can get involved and engage with the process as quickly as possible can really contribute to the success of your problem solving strategy.

Source external advice

Looking to peers, experts and external facilitators can be a great way of approaching the problem solving process. Your team may not have the necessary expertise, insights of experience to tackle some issues, or you might simply benefit from a fresh perspective. Some problems may require bringing together an entire team, and coaching managers or team members individually might be the right approach. Remember that not all problems are best resolved in the same manner.

If you’re a solo entrepreneur, peer groups, coaches and mentors can also be invaluable at not only solving specific business problems, but in providing a support network for resolving future challenges. One great approach is to join a Mastermind Group and link up with like-minded individuals and all grow together. Remember that however you approach the sourcing of external advice, do so thoughtfully, respectfully and honestly. Reciprocate where you can and prepare to be surprised by just how kind and helpful your peers can be!

Mastermind Group

Solo entrepreneurs or small teams with low capacity
Peer learning and gaining outside expertise
Getting multiple external points of view quickly

Problem solving in large organizations with lots of skilled team members is one thing, but how about if you work for yourself or in a very small team without the capacity to get the most from a design sprint or LEGO Serious Play session?

A mastermind group – sometimes known as a peer advisory board – is where a group of people come together to support one another in their own goals, challenges, and businesses. Each participant comes to the group with their own purpose and the other members of the group will help them create solutions, brainstorm ideas, and support one another.

Mastermind groups are very effective in creating an energized, supportive atmosphere that can deliver meaningful results. Learning from peers from outside of your organization or industry can really help unlock new ways of thinking and drive growth. Access to the experience and skills of your peers can be invaluable in helping fill the gaps in your own ability, particularly in young companies.

A mastermind group is a great solution for solo entrepreneurs, small teams, or for organizations that feel that external expertise or fresh perspectives will be beneficial for them. It is worth noting that Mastermind groups are often only as good as the participants and what they can bring to the group. Participants need to be committed, engaged and understand how to work in this context.

Coaching and mentoring

Focused learning and development
Filling skills gaps
Working on a range of challenges over time

Receiving advice from a business coach or building a mentor/mentee relationship can be an effective way of resolving certain challenges. The one-to-one format of most coaching and mentor relationships can really help solve the challenges those individuals are having and benefit the organization as a result.

A great mentor can be invaluable when it comes to spotting potential problems before they arise and coming to understand a mentee very well has a host of other business benefits. You might run an internal mentorship program to help develop your team’s problem solving skills and strategies or as part of a large learning and development program. External coaches can also be an important part of your problem solving strategy, filling skills gaps for your management team or helping with specific business issues.

Now we’ve explored the problem solving process and the steps you will want to go through in order to have an effective session, let’s look at the skills you and your team need to be more effective problem solvers.

Problem solving skills are highly sought after, whatever industry or team you work in. Organizations are keen to employ people who are able to approach problems thoughtfully and find strong, realistic solutions. Whether you are a facilitator , a team leader or a developer, being an effective problem solver is a skill you’ll want to develop.

Problem solving skills form a whole suite of techniques and approaches that an individual uses to not only identify problems but to discuss them productively before then developing appropriate solutions.

Here are some of the most important problem solving skills everyone from executives to junior staff members should learn. We’ve also included an activity or exercise from the SessionLab library that can help you and your team develop that skill.

If you’re running a workshop or training session to try and improve problem solving skills in your team, try using these methods to supercharge your process!

Active listening

Active listening is one of the most important skills anyone who works with people can possess. In short, active listening is a technique used to not only better understand what is being said by an individual, but also to be more aware of the underlying message the speaker is trying to convey. When it comes to problem solving, active listening is integral for understanding the position of every participant and to clarify the challenges, ideas and solutions they bring to the table.

Some active listening skills include:

Paying complete attention to the speaker.
Removing distractions.
Avoid interruption.
Taking the time to fully understand before preparing a rebuttal.
Responding respectfully and appropriately.
Demonstrate attentiveness and positivity with an open posture, making eye contact with the speaker, smiling and nodding if appropriate. Show that you are listening and encourage them to continue.
Be aware of and respectful of feelings. Judge the situation and respond appropriately. You can disagree without being disrespectful.
Observe body language.
Paraphrase what was said in your own words, either mentally or verbally.
Remain neutral.
Reflect and take a moment before responding.
Ask deeper questions based on what is said and clarify points where necessary.

Active Listening #hyperisland #skills #active listening #remote-friendly This activity supports participants to reflect on a question and generate their own solutions using simple principles of active listening and peer coaching. It’s an excellent introduction to active listening but can also be used with groups that are already familiar with it. Participants work in groups of three and take turns being: “the subject”, the listener, and the observer.

Analytical skills

All problem solving models require strong analytical skills, particularly during the beginning of the process and when it comes to analyzing how solutions have performed.

Analytical skills are primarily focused on performing an effective analysis by collecting, studying and parsing data related to a problem or opportunity.

It often involves spotting patterns, being able to see things from different perspectives and using observable facts and data to make suggestions or produce insight.

Analytical skills are also important at every stage of the problem solving process and by having these skills, you can ensure that any ideas or solutions you create or backed up analytically and have been sufficiently thought out.

Nine Whys #innovation #issue analysis #liberating structures With breathtaking simplicity, you can rapidly clarify for individuals and a group what is essentially important in their work. You can quickly reveal when a compelling purpose is missing in a gathering and avoid moving forward without clarity. When a group discovers an unambiguous shared purpose, more freedom and more responsibility are unleashed. You have laid the foundation for spreading and scaling innovations with fidelity.

Collaboration

Trying to solve problems on your own is difficult. Being able to collaborate effectively, with a free exchange of ideas, to delegate and be a productive member of a team is hugely important to all problem solving strategies.

Remember that whatever your role, collaboration is integral, and in a problem solving process, you are all working together to find the best solution for everyone.

Marshmallow challenge with debriefing #teamwork #team #leadership #collaboration In eighteen minutes, teams must build the tallest free-standing structure out of 20 sticks of spaghetti, one yard of tape, one yard of string, and one marshmallow. The marshmallow needs to be on top. The Marshmallow Challenge was developed by Tom Wujec, who has done the activity with hundreds of groups around the world. Visit the Marshmallow Challenge website for more information. This version has an extra debriefing question added with sample questions focusing on roles within the team.

Communication

Being an effective communicator means being empathetic, clear and succinct, asking the right questions, and demonstrating active listening skills throughout any discussion or meeting.

In a problem solving setting, you need to communicate well in order to progress through each stage of the process effectively. As a team leader, it may also fall to you to facilitate communication between parties who may not see eye to eye. Effective communication also means helping others to express themselves and be heard in a group.

Bus Trip #feedback #communication #appreciation #closing #thiagi #team This is one of my favourite feedback games. I use Bus Trip at the end of a training session or a meeting, and I use it all the time. The game creates a massive amount of energy with lots of smiles, laughs, and sometimes even a teardrop or two.

Creative problem solving skills can be some of the best tools in your arsenal. Thinking creatively, being able to generate lots of ideas and come up with out of the box solutions is useful at every step of the process.

The kinds of problems you will likely discuss in a problem solving workshop are often difficult to solve, and by approaching things in a fresh, creative manner, you can often create more innovative solutions.

Having practical creative skills is also a boon when it comes to problem solving. If you can help create quality design sketches and prototypes in record time, it can help bring a team to alignment more quickly or provide a base for further iteration.

The paper clip method #sharing #creativity #warm up #idea generation #brainstorming The power of brainstorming. A training for project leaders, creativity training, and to catalyse getting new solutions.

Critical thinking

Critical thinking is one of the fundamental problem solving skills you’ll want to develop when working on developing solutions. Critical thinking is the ability to analyze, rationalize and evaluate while being aware of personal bias, outlying factors and remaining open-minded.

Defining and analyzing problems without deploying critical thinking skills can mean you and your team go down the wrong path. Developing solutions to complex issues requires critical thinking too – ensuring your team considers all possibilities and rationally evaluating them.

Agreement-Certainty Matrix #issue analysis #liberating structures #problem solving You can help individuals or groups avoid the frequent mistake of trying to solve a problem with methods that are not adapted to the nature of their challenge. The combination of two questions makes it possible to easily sort challenges into four categories: simple, complicated, complex , and chaotic . A problem is simple when it can be solved reliably with practices that are easy to duplicate. It is complicated when experts are required to devise a sophisticated solution that will yield the desired results predictably. A problem is complex when there are several valid ways to proceed but outcomes are not predictable in detail. Chaotic is when the context is too turbulent to identify a path forward. A loose analogy may be used to describe these differences: simple is like following a recipe, complicated like sending a rocket to the moon, complex like raising a child, and chaotic is like the game “Pin the Tail on the Donkey.” The Liberating Structures Matching Matrix in Chapter 5 can be used as the first step to clarify the nature of a challenge and avoid the mismatches between problems and solutions that are frequently at the root of chronic, recurring problems.

Data analysis

Though it shares lots of space with general analytical skills, data analysis skills are something you want to cultivate in their own right in order to be an effective problem solver.

Being good at data analysis doesn’t just mean being able to find insights from data, but also selecting the appropriate data for a given issue, interpreting it effectively and knowing how to model and present that data. Depending on the problem at hand, it might also include a working knowledge of specific data analysis tools and procedures.

Having a solid grasp of data analysis techniques is useful if you’re leading a problem solving workshop but if you’re not an expert, don’t worry. Bring people into the group who has this skill set and help your team be more effective as a result.

Decision making

All problems need a solution and all solutions require that someone make the decision to implement them. Without strong decision making skills, teams can become bogged down in discussion and less effective as a result.

Making decisions is a key part of the problem solving process. It’s important to remember that decision making is not restricted to the leadership team. Every staff member makes decisions every day and developing these skills ensures that your team is able to solve problems at any scale. Remember that making decisions does not mean leaping to the first solution but weighing up the options and coming to an informed, well thought out solution to any given problem that works for the whole team.

Lightning Decision Jam (LDJ) #action #decision making #problem solving #issue analysis #innovation #design #remote-friendly The problem with anything that requires creative thinking is that it’s easy to get lost—lose focus and fall into the trap of having useless, open-ended, unstructured discussions. Here’s the most effective solution I’ve found: Replace all open, unstructured discussion with a clear process. What to use this exercise for: Anything which requires a group of people to make decisions, solve problems or discuss challenges. It’s always good to frame an LDJ session with a broad topic, here are some examples: The conversion flow of our checkout Our internal design process How we organise events Keeping up with our competition Improving sales flow

Dependability

Most complex organizational problems require multiple people to be involved in delivering the solution. Ensuring that the team and organization can depend on you to take the necessary actions and communicate where necessary is key to ensuring problems are solved effectively.

Being dependable also means working to deadlines and to brief. It is often a matter of creating trust in a team so that everyone can depend on one another to complete the agreed actions in the agreed time frame so that the team can move forward together. Being undependable can create problems of friction and can limit the effectiveness of your solutions so be sure to bear this in mind throughout a project.

Team Purpose & Culture #team #hyperisland #culture #remote-friendly This is an essential process designed to help teams define their purpose (why they exist) and their culture (how they work together to achieve that purpose). Defining these two things will help any team to be more focused and aligned. With support of tangible examples from other companies, the team members work as individuals and a group to codify the way they work together. The goal is a visual manifestation of both the purpose and culture that can be put up in the team’s work space.

Emotional intelligence

Emotional intelligence is an important skill for any successful team member, whether communicating internally or with clients or users. In the problem solving process, emotional intelligence means being attuned to how people are feeling and thinking, communicating effectively and being self-aware of what you bring to a room.

There are often differences of opinion when working through problem solving processes, and it can be easy to let things become impassioned or combative. Developing your emotional intelligence means being empathetic to your colleagues and managing your own emotions throughout the problem and solution process. Be kind, be thoughtful and put your points across care and attention.

Being emotionally intelligent is a skill for life and by deploying it at work, you can not only work efficiently but empathetically. Check out the emotional culture workshop template for more!

Facilitation

As we’ve clarified in our facilitation skills post, facilitation is the art of leading people through processes towards agreed-upon objectives in a manner that encourages participation, ownership, and creativity by all those involved. While facilitation is a set of interrelated skills in itself, the broad definition of facilitation can be invaluable when it comes to problem solving. Leading a team through a problem solving process is made more effective if you improve and utilize facilitation skills – whether you’re a manager, team leader or external stakeholder.

The Six Thinking Hats #creative thinking #meeting facilitation #problem solving #issue resolution #idea generation #conflict resolution The Six Thinking Hats are used by individuals and groups to separate out conflicting styles of thinking. They enable and encourage a group of people to think constructively together in exploring and implementing change, rather than using argument to fight over who is right and who is wrong.

Flexibility

Being flexible is a vital skill when it comes to problem solving. This does not mean immediately bowing to pressure or changing your opinion quickly: instead, being flexible is all about seeing things from new perspectives, receiving new information and factoring it into your thought process.

Flexibility is also important when it comes to rolling out solutions. It might be that other organizational projects have greater priority or require the same resources as your chosen solution. Being flexible means understanding needs and challenges across the team and being open to shifting or arranging your own schedule as necessary. Again, this does not mean immediately making way for other projects. It’s about articulating your own needs, understanding the needs of others and being able to come to a meaningful compromise.

The Creativity Dice #creativity #problem solving #thiagi #issue analysis Too much linear thinking is hazardous to creative problem solving. To be creative, you should approach the problem (or the opportunity) from different points of view. You should leave a thought hanging in mid-air and move to another. This skipping around prevents premature closure and lets your brain incubate one line of thought while you consciously pursue another.

Working in any group can lead to unconscious elements of groupthink or situations in which you may not wish to be entirely honest. Disagreeing with the opinions of the executive team or wishing to save the feelings of a coworker can be tricky to navigate, but being honest is absolutely vital when to comes to developing effective solutions and ensuring your voice is heard.

Remember that being honest does not mean being brutally candid. You can deliver your honest feedback and opinions thoughtfully and without creating friction by using other skills such as emotional intelligence.

Explore your Values #hyperisland #skills #values #remote-friendly Your Values is an exercise for participants to explore what their most important values are. It’s done in an intuitive and rapid way to encourage participants to follow their intuitive feeling rather than over-thinking and finding the “correct” values. It is a good exercise to use to initiate reflection and dialogue around personal values.

Initiative

The problem solving process is multi-faceted and requires different approaches at certain points of the process. Taking initiative to bring problems to the attention of the team, collect data or lead the solution creating process is always valuable. You might even roadtest your own small scale solutions or brainstorm before a session. Taking initiative is particularly effective if you have good deal of knowledge in that area or have ownership of a particular project and want to get things kickstarted.

That said, be sure to remember to honor the process and work in service of the team. If you are asked to own one part of the problem solving process and you don’t complete that task because your initiative leads you to work on something else, that’s not an effective method of solving business challenges.

15% Solutions #action #liberating structures #remote-friendly You can reveal the actions, however small, that everyone can do immediately. At a minimum, these will create momentum, and that may make a BIG difference. 15% Solutions show that there is no reason to wait around, feel powerless, or fearful. They help people pick it up a level. They get individuals and the group to focus on what is within their discretion instead of what they cannot change. With a very simple question, you can flip the conversation to what can be done and find solutions to big problems that are often distributed widely in places not known in advance. Shifting a few grains of sand may trigger a landslide and change the whole landscape.

Impartiality

A particularly useful problem solving skill for product owners or managers is the ability to remain impartial throughout much of the process. In practice, this means treating all points of view and ideas brought forward in a meeting equally and ensuring that your own areas of interest or ownership are not favored over others.

There may be a stage in the process where a decision maker has to weigh the cost and ROI of possible solutions against the company roadmap though even then, ensuring that the decision made is based on merit and not personal opinion.

Empathy map #frame insights #create #design #issue analysis An empathy map is a tool to help a design team to empathize with the people they are designing for. You can make an empathy map for a group of people or for a persona. To be used after doing personas when more insights are needed.

Being a good leader means getting a team aligned, energized and focused around a common goal. In the problem solving process, strong leadership helps ensure that the process is efficient, that any conflicts are resolved and that a team is managed in the direction of success.

It’s common for managers or executives to assume this role in a problem solving workshop, though it’s important that the leader maintains impartiality and does not bulldoze the group in a particular direction. Remember that good leadership means working in service of the purpose and team and ensuring the workshop is a safe space for employees of any level to contribute. Take a look at our leadership games and activities post for more exercises and methods to help improve leadership in your organization.

Leadership Pizza #leadership #team #remote-friendly This leadership development activity offers a self-assessment framework for people to first identify what skills, attributes and attitudes they find important for effective leadership, and then assess their own development and initiate goal setting.

In the context of problem solving, mediation is important in keeping a team engaged, happy and free of conflict. When leading or facilitating a problem solving workshop, you are likely to run into differences of opinion. Depending on the nature of the problem, certain issues may be brought up that are emotive in nature.

Being an effective mediator means helping those people on either side of such a divide are heard, listen to one another and encouraged to find common ground and a resolution. Mediating skills are useful for leaders and managers in many situations and the problem solving process is no different.

Conflict Responses #hyperisland #team #issue resolution A workshop for a team to reflect on past conflicts, and use them to generate guidelines for effective conflict handling. The workshop uses the Thomas-Killman model of conflict responses to frame a reflective discussion. Use it to open up a discussion around conflict with a team.

Planning

Solving organizational problems is much more effective when following a process or problem solving model. Planning skills are vital in order to structure, deliver and follow-through on a problem solving workshop and ensure your solutions are intelligently deployed.

Planning skills include the ability to organize tasks and a team, plan and design the process and take into account any potential challenges. Taking the time to plan carefully can save time and frustration later in the process and is valuable for ensuring a team is positioned for success.

3 Action Steps #hyperisland #action #remote-friendly This is a small-scale strategic planning session that helps groups and individuals to take action toward a desired change. It is often used at the end of a workshop or programme. The group discusses and agrees on a vision, then creates some action steps that will lead them towards that vision. The scope of the challenge is also defined, through discussion of the helpful and harmful factors influencing the group.

Prioritization

As organisations grow, the scale and variation of problems they face multiplies. Your team or is likely to face numerous challenges in different areas and so having the skills to analyze and prioritize becomes very important, particularly for those in leadership roles.

A thorough problem solving process is likely to deliver multiple solutions and you may have several different problems you wish to solve simultaneously. Prioritization is the ability to measure the importance, value, and effectiveness of those possible solutions and choose which to enact and in what order. The process of prioritization is integral in ensuring the biggest challenges are addressed with the most impactful solutions.

Impact and Effort Matrix #gamestorming #decision making #action #remote-friendly In this decision-making exercise, possible actions are mapped based on two factors: effort required to implement and potential impact. Categorizing ideas along these lines is a useful technique in decision making, as it obliges contributors to balance and evaluate suggested actions before committing to them.

Project management

Some problem solving skills are utilized in a workshop or ideation phases, while others come in useful when it comes to decision making. Overseeing an entire problem solving process and ensuring its success requires strong project management skills.

While project management incorporates many of the other skills listed here, it is important to note the distinction of considering all of the factors of a project and managing them successfully. Being able to negotiate with stakeholders, manage tasks, time and people, consider costs and ROI, and tie everything together is massively helpful when going through the problem solving process.

Record keeping

Working out meaningful solutions to organizational challenges is only one part of the process. Thoughtfully documenting and keeping records of each problem solving step for future consultation is important in ensuring efficiency and meaningful change.

For example, some problems may be lower priority than others but can be revisited in the future. If the team has ideated on solutions and found some are not up to the task, record those so you can rule them out and avoiding repeating work. Keeping records of the process also helps you improve and refine your problem solving model next time around!

Personal Kanban #gamestorming #action #agile #project planning Personal Kanban is a tool for organizing your work to be more efficient and productive. It is based on agile methods and principles.

Research skills

Conducting research to support both the identification of problems and the development of appropriate solutions is important for an effective process. Knowing where to go to collect research, how to conduct research efficiently, and identifying pieces of research are relevant are all things a good researcher can do well.

In larger groups, not everyone has to demonstrate this ability in order for a problem solving workshop to be effective. That said, having people with research skills involved in the process, particularly if they have existing area knowledge, can help ensure the solutions that are developed with data that supports their intention. Remember that being able to deliver the results of research efficiently and in a way the team can easily understand is also important. The best data in the world is only as effective as how it is delivered and interpreted.

Customer experience map #ideation #concepts #research #design #issue analysis #remote-friendly Customer experience mapping is a method of documenting and visualizing the experience a customer has as they use the product or service. It also maps out their responses to their experiences. To be used when there is a solution (even in a conceptual stage) that can be analyzed.

Risk management

Managing risk is an often overlooked part of the problem solving process. Solutions are often developed with the intention of reducing exposure to risk or solving issues that create risk but sometimes, great solutions are more experimental in nature and as such, deploying them needs to be carefully considered.

Managing risk means acknowledging that there may be risks associated with more out of the box solutions or trying new things, but that this must be measured against the possible benefits and other organizational factors.

Be informed, get the right data and stakeholders in the room and you can appropriately factor risk into your decision making process.

Decisions, Decisions… #communication #decision making #thiagi #action #issue analysis When it comes to decision-making, why are some of us more prone to take risks while others are risk-averse? One explanation might be the way the decision and options were presented. This exercise, based on Kahneman and Tversky’s classic study , illustrates how the framing effect influences our judgement and our ability to make decisions . The participants are divided into two groups. Both groups are presented with the same problem and two alternative programs for solving them. The two programs both have the same consequences but are presented differently. The debriefing discussion examines how the framing of the program impacted the participant’s decision.

Team-building

No single person is as good at problem solving as a team. Building an effective team and helping them come together around a common purpose is one of the most important problem solving skills, doubly so for leaders. By bringing a team together and helping them work efficiently, you pave the way for team ownership of a problem and the development of effective solutions.

In a problem solving workshop, it can be tempting to jump right into the deep end, though taking the time to break the ice, energize the team and align them with a game or exercise will pay off over the course of the day.

Remember that you will likely go through the problem solving process multiple times over an organization’s lifespan and building a strong team culture will make future problem solving more effective. It’s also great to work with people you know, trust and have fun with. Working on team building in and out of the problem solving process is a hallmark of successful teams that can work together to solve business problems.

9 Dimensions Team Building Activity #ice breaker #teambuilding #team #remote-friendly 9 Dimensions is a powerful activity designed to build relationships and trust among team members. There are 2 variations of this icebreaker. The first version is for teams who want to get to know each other better. The second version is for teams who want to explore how they are working together as a team.

Time management

The problem solving process is designed to lead a team from identifying a problem through to delivering a solution and evaluating its effectiveness. Without effective time management skills or timeboxing of tasks, it can be easy for a team to get bogged down or be inefficient.

By using a problem solving model and carefully designing your workshop, you can allocate time efficiently and trust that the process will deliver the results you need in a good timeframe.

Time management also comes into play when it comes to rolling out solutions, particularly those that are experimental in nature. Having a clear timeframe for implementing and evaluating solutions is vital for ensuring their success and being able to pivot if necessary.

Improving your skills at problem solving is often a career-long pursuit though there are methods you can use to make the learning process more efficient and to supercharge your problem solving skillset.

Remember that the skills you need to be a great problem solver have a large overlap with those skills you need to be effective in any role. Investing time and effort to develop your active listening or critical thinking skills is valuable in any context. Here are 7 ways to improve your problem solving skills.

Share best practices

Remember that your team is an excellent source of skills, wisdom, and techniques and that you should all take advantage of one another where possible. Best practices that one team has for solving problems, conducting research or making decisions should be shared across the organization. If you have in-house staff that have done active listening training or are data analysis pros, have them lead a training session.

Your team is one of your best resources. Create space and internal processes for the sharing of skills so that you can all grow together.

Ask for help and attend training

Once you’ve figured out you have a skills gap, the next step is to take action to fill that skills gap. That might be by asking your superior for training or coaching, or liaising with team members with that skill set. You might even attend specialized training for certain skills – active listening or critical thinking, for example, are business-critical skills that are regularly offered as part of a training scheme.

Whatever method you choose, remember that taking action of some description is necessary for growth. Whether that means practicing, getting help, attending training or doing some background reading, taking active steps to improve your skills is the way to go.

Learn a process

Problem solving can be complicated, particularly when attempting to solve large problems for the first time. Using a problem solving process helps give structure to your problem solving efforts and focus on creating outcomes, rather than worrying about the format.

Tools such as the seven-step problem solving process above are effective because not only do they feature steps that will help a team solve problems, they also develop skills along the way. Each step asks for people to engage with the process using different skills and in doing so, helps the team learn and grow together. Group processes of varying complexity and purpose can also be found in the SessionLab library of facilitation techniques . Using a tried and tested process and really help ease the learning curve for both those leading such a process, as well as those undergoing the purpose.

Effective teams make decisions about where they should and shouldn’t expend additional effort. By using a problem solving process, you can focus on the things that matter, rather than stumbling towards a solution haphazardly.

Create a feedback loop

Some skills gaps are more obvious than others. It’s possible that your perception of your active listening skills differs from those of your colleagues.

It’s valuable to create a system where team members can provide feedback in an ordered and friendly manner so they can all learn from one another. Only by identifying areas of improvement can you then work to improve them.

Remember that feedback systems require oversight and consideration so that they don’t turn into a place to complain about colleagues. Design the system intelligently so that you encourage the creation of learning opportunities, rather than encouraging people to list their pet peeves.

While practice might not make perfect, it does make the problem solving process easier. If you are having trouble with critical thinking, don’t shy away from doing it. Get involved where you can and stretch those muscles as regularly as possible.

Problem solving skills come more naturally to some than to others and that’s okay. Take opportunities to get involved and see where you can practice your skills in situations outside of a workshop context. Try collaborating in other circumstances at work or conduct data analysis on your own projects. You can often develop those skills you need for problem solving simply by doing them. Get involved!

Use expert exercises and methods

Learn from the best. Our library of 700+ facilitation techniques is full of activities and methods that help develop the skills you need to be an effective problem solver. Check out our templates to see how to approach problem solving and other organizational challenges in a structured and intelligent manner.

There is no single approach to improving problem solving skills, but by using the techniques employed by others you can learn from their example and develop processes that have seen proven results.

Try new ways of thinking and change your mindset

Using tried and tested exercises that you know well can help deliver results, but you do run the risk of missing out on the learning opportunities offered by new approaches. As with the problem solving process, changing your mindset can remove blockages and be used to develop your problem solving skills.

Most teams have members with mixed skill sets and specialties. Mix people from different teams and share skills and different points of view. Teach your customer support team how to use design thinking methods or help your developers with conflict resolution techniques. Try switching perspectives with facilitation techniques like Flip It! or by using new problem solving methodologies or models. Give design thinking, liberating structures or lego serious play a try if you want to try a new approach. You will find that framing problems in new ways and using existing skills in new contexts can be hugely useful for personal development and improving your skillset. It’s also a lot of fun to try new things. Give it a go!

Encountering business challenges and needing to find appropriate solutions is not unique to your organization. Lots of very smart people have developed methods, theories and approaches to help develop problem solving skills and create effective solutions. Learn from them!

Books like The Art of Thinking Clearly , Think Smarter, or Thinking Fast, Thinking Slow are great places to start, though it’s also worth looking at blogs related to organizations facing similar problems to yours, or browsing for success stories. Seeing how Dropbox massively increased growth and working backward can help you see the skills or approach you might be lacking to solve that same problem. Learning from others by reading their stories or approaches can be time-consuming but ultimately rewarding.

A tired, distracted mind is not in the best position to learn new skills. It can be tempted to burn the candle at both ends and develop problem solving skills outside of work. Absolutely use your time effectively and take opportunities for self-improvement, though remember that rest is hugely important and that without letting your brain rest, you cannot be at your most effective.

Creating distance between yourself and the problem you might be facing can also be useful. By letting an idea sit, you can find that a better one presents itself or you can develop it further. Take regular breaks when working and create a space for downtime. Remember that working smarter is preferable to working harder and that self-care is important for any effective learning or improvement process.

Want to design better group processes?

Over to you

Now we’ve explored some of the key problem solving skills and the problem solving steps necessary for an effective process, you’re ready to begin developing more effective solutions and leading problem solving workshops.

Need more inspiration? Check out our post on problem solving activities you can use when guiding a group towards a great solution in your next workshop or meeting. Have questions? Did you have a great problem solving technique you use with your team? Get in touch in the comments below. We’d love to chat!

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7 Problem-Solving Skills That Can Help You Be a More Successful Manager

Discover what problem-solving is, and why it's important for managers. Understand the steps of the process and learn about seven problem-solving skills.

[Featured Image]: A manager wearing a black suit is talking to a team member, handling an issue utilizing the process of problem-solving

1Managers oversee the day-to-day operations of a particular department, and sometimes a whole company, using their problem-solving skills regularly. Managers with good problem-solving skills can help ensure companies run smoothly and prosper.

If you're a current manager or are striving to become one, read this guide to discover what problem-solving skills are and why it's important for managers to have them. Learn the steps of the problem-solving process, and explore seven skills that can help make problem-solving easier and more effective.

What is problem-solving?

Problem-solving is both an ability and a process. As an ability, problem-solving can aid in resolving issues faced in different environments like home, school, abroad, and social situations, among others. As a process, problem-solving involves a series of steps for finding solutions to questions or concerns that arise throughout life.

The importance of problem-solving for managers

Managers deal with problems regularly, whether supervising a staff of two or 100. When people solve problems quickly and effectively, workplaces can benefit in a number of ways. These include:

Greater creativity

Higher productivity

Increased job fulfillment

Satisfied clients or customers

Better cooperation and cohesion

Improved environments for employees and customers

7 skills that make problem-solving easier

Companies depend on managers who can solve problems adeptly. Although problem-solving is a skill in its own right, a subset of seven skills can help make the process of problem-solving easier. These include analysis, communication, emotional intelligence, resilience, creativity, adaptability, and teamwork.

1. Analysis

As a manager , you'll solve each problem by assessing the situation first. Then, you’ll use analytical skills to distinguish between ineffective and effective solutions.

2. Communication

Effective communication plays a significant role in problem-solving, particularly when others are involved. Some skills that can help enhance communication at work include active listening, speaking with an even tone and volume, and supporting verbal information with written communication.

3. Emotional intelligence

Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize and manage emotions in any situation. People with emotional intelligence usually solve problems calmly and systematically, which often yields better results.

4. Resilience

Emotional intelligence and resilience are closely related traits. Resiliency is the ability to cope with and bounce back quickly from difficult situations. Those who possess resilience are often capable of accurately interpreting people and situations, which can be incredibly advantageous when difficulties arise.

5. Creativity

When brainstorming solutions to problems, creativity can help you to think outside the box. Problem-solving strategies can be enhanced with the application of creative techniques. You can use creativity to:

Approach problems from different angles

Improve your problem-solving process

Spark creativity in your employees and peers

6. Adaptability

Adaptability is the capacity to adjust to change. When a particular solution to an issue doesn't work, an adaptable person can revisit the concern to think up another one without getting frustrated.

7. Teamwork

Finding a solution to a problem regularly involves working in a team. Good teamwork requires being comfortable working with others and collaborating with them, which can result in better problem-solving overall.

Steps of the problem-solving process

Effective problem-solving involves five essential steps. One way to remember them is through the IDEAL model created in 1984 by psychology professors John D. Bransford and Barry S. Stein [ 1 ]. The steps to solving problems in this model include: identifying that there is a problem, defining the goals you hope to achieve, exploring potential solutions, choosing a solution and acting on it, and looking at (or evaluating) the outcome.

1. Identify that there is a problem and root out its cause.

To solve a problem, you must first admit that one exists to then find its root cause. Finding the cause of the problem may involve asking questions like:

Can the problem be solved?

How big of a problem is it?

Why do I think the problem is occurring?

What are some things I know about the situation?

What are some things I don't know about the situation?

Are there any people who contributed to the problem?

Are there materials or processes that contributed to the problem?

Are there any patterns I can identify?

2. Define the goals you hope to achieve.

Every problem is different. The goals you hope to achieve when problem-solving depend on the scope of the problem. Some examples of goals you might set include:

Gather as much factual information as possible.

Brainstorm many different strategies to come up with the best one.

Be flexible when considering other viewpoints.

Articulate clearly and encourage questions, so everyone involved is on the same page.

Be open to other strategies if the chosen strategy doesn't work.

Stay positive throughout the process.

3. Explore potential solutions.

Once you've defined the goals you hope to achieve when problem-solving , it's time to start the process. This involves steps that often include fact-finding, brainstorming, prioritizing solutions, and assessing the cost of top solutions in terms of time, labor, and money.

4. Choose a solution and act on it.

Evaluate the pros and cons of each potential solution, and choose the one most likely to solve the problem within your given budget, abilities, and resources. Once you choose a solution, it's important to make a commitment and see it through. Draw up a plan of action for implementation, and share it with all involved parties clearly and effectively, both verbally and in writing. Make sure everyone understands their role for a successful conclusion.

5. Look at (or evaluate) the outcome.

Evaluation offers insights into your current situation and future problem-solving. When evaluating the outcome, ask yourself questions like:

Did the solution work?

Will this solution work for other problems?

Were there any changes you would have made?

Would another solution have worked better?

As a current or future manager looking to build your problem-solving skills, it is often helpful to take a professional course. Consider Improving Communication Skills offered by the University of Pennsylvania on Coursera. You'll learn how to boost your ability to persuade, ask questions, negotiate, apologize, and more.

You might also consider taking Emotional Intelligence: Cultivating Immensely Human Interactions , offered by the University of Michigan on Coursera. You'll explore the interpersonal and intrapersonal skills common to people with emotional intelligence, and you'll learn how emotional intelligence is connected to team success and leadership.

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Article sources

Tennessee Tech. “ The Ideal Problem Solver (2nd ed.) , https://www.tntech.edu/cat/pdf/useful_links/idealproblemsolver.pdf.” Accessed December 6, 2022.

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Why robust problem solving is more than a couple tools

ARTICLE – You need to have a solid and complete process in place if you want your problems to be actually solved, and it is more than just developing an A3 or drawing an Ishikawa.

Words: Malgorzata Jakubik and Robert Kagan , Lean Enterprise Institute Polska

As no true lean person should walk by waste and ignore a chance for improvement, we felt the need to put together our reflections on things big and small that, while working with our customers, we have found to be common “speed bumps” or even show stoppers in a lean implementation. Whether systemic or tool-related, these obstacles have one thing in common: they tell our “war stories,” which we want to share with those on the road to lean, hoping they will warn them against frequent hazards others have struggled with.

EVERYBODY IS SOLVING PROBLEMS, BUT ONLY A FEW SUCCEED

- A PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS IS A LOT MORE THAN A COUPLE OF TOOLS AND A PROCEDURE -

One of our long-time customers likes to say (and repeat over and over again) that there is only one thing he can always find enough of in his plant – problems! He is not complaining, just stating a fact and voicing the conviction shared by many of his fellow plant managers. Their busy lives are all about learning to swim in an ocean of problems. Do we really have to feel tossed around, at a mercy of this ocean? Can we not manage our problems better and learn to be in control of them, acting proactively instead of just reacting to what is happening with our processes and products?

No doubt about it in the lean world – structured problem solving is important. The less we fire-fight, the more we can focus on root cause analysis. The more people at all levels we involve in the process, the better off we are.

The key ingredients of a solid problem solving process seem obvious – it has to be transparent, easy to understand, flexible and effective. It has to be. But is it always? The not-so-good processes described below suggest it is not. Let’s consider them for a moment and then talk about the core of the issue: how complete the problem solving process is, or isn’t.

Case 1 – “We have elements of the process in place, but do we have an actual process?”

The plant gets a new Production Manager, who is all charged up to prove himself and reach the ambitious targets he has been given – productivity needs to go up by 20%, lead-time down by 30%. He soon finds out that he won’t be able to do anything without eliminating the fire-fighting attitude that his people have towards problem solving. He actually cannot understand why they are not solving problems well. All that he would expect from the process seems to be in place: 80% of the people have been trained in it; they know Ishikawa; they know 5 whys; they have even been introduced to A3 reporting. “Get to work!” he orders, outlining his expectations very clearly.

And they did – problem-solving meetings were organized all over the plant, problem lists put up at every corner. That pleased the manager for a while. He pushed for more A3s. He pushed for better root causes analysis. He had a feeling he was driving the organization in the right direction.

Surprisingly, however, when he checked if the actions were bringing results, he realized that nothing had really changed. There was so much activity, but why was it not effective? What he found out was that problems were picked up and worked on, but the number of problems solved was not going up.

What was going on? When pushed for action people rushed to collect problems, and that worked well. Then, they started problem solving on as many issues as they could find, but that did not go well. No organization has enough resources to deal with all of its problems - priorities must be defined. Additionally, people had tools, but did they know which one worked best with a specific problem? A3 is a great tool, but definitely not for every problem you come across. If you are expected to write a full-blown A3 report every time an issue is raised, you’d rather keep quiet or work around the problem. And people did.

Disappointed by the lack of progress, the Production Manager decided to stop and re-think his approach. He expected a lot from his people but how were they supposed to know which problems to start working on? Were they prepared to monitor the effectiveness of countermeasures? Did they know what problem-solving tool would work best for any given problem? “Well, we have elements of the process in place, but do not have a complete process! This is what we need to fix,” he concluded.

Case 2 – “No overtime, no extra people, no problems.”

Imagine a plant belonging to a large international corporation. Nothing happens by accident here: the problem solving process has been centrally defined and passed a test for completeness:

Sources of problem identification have been defined;
Problem selection criteria are established;
People know who should do what;
A number of suitable problem solving tools were available for people to use;
Problems are visually tracked, with countermeasures checked for effectiveness and lessons spread across the organization.

Perfect, isn’t it? So perfect that the number of problems solved per day was going down at a steady rate. It looked good on paper, yet the overall results did not seem to back that trend.

Talking to employees quickly revealed underlying issues: “If I raise a problem, I will be the one tasked with solving it and I will not be given enough time to solve it. Why would I even want to talk about it? We were told clearly: no overtime, no extra people. And who has the time to train people in the use of the tools? We have to rely on those that were already trained last year. Our manager says it should be enough. Well, it isn’t. I won’t raise any issues, however - I will just get around them.”

Even the escalation of problems seemed to have stopped at manager level. The directors were just getting reports of the successful examples of problem solving. Good thing they were not getting news of how many problems returned after the initial solution, it would not have been a nice picture. Countermeasures were not being tracked for effectiveness long enough and somehow the scheduled audits of the problem solving process were conveniently forgotten and never happened.

This time, the process was there, but what about the discipline and managerial commitment that are needed to run it well?

Two cases, two stories of seemingly good approaches that did not work.

So, what should we focus on if we want to develop a working problem solving process? Here comes our two-fold advice:

Make your problem solving process complete.

Define how it should work, give people a structure to help them make right decisions and make them quickly. It does take time and effort to define it well, but once there, it will pay you off quickly. To help you, here are the six elements of the complete system you need to worry about:

2. Make sure you plan resources for the process to work well:

involve all levels of management in the process, every day and visibly;
plan time and resources for problem solving, and don’t pretend that it will just get done “in the meantime;”
audit the process, see if it solves problems at a root cause, so they do not return;
learn from your problem solving – communicate the lessons, reflect and keep improving.

Are you among the good ones who get problems really solved? If that is the case – congratulations and keep up the good work. But if you struggle, maybe it is time to stop and think whether or not you have a complete process in place, and consider our advice.

This article is also available in Polish here

THE AUTHORS

FEATURE – One of the things making lean thinking so hard to explain in general terms is its dual nature as both an organizational and managerial approach. The authors explain how to handle this tension.

How to leverage low hanging fruit for long term lean success

FEATURE – The importance of leveraging early successes to drive engagement to lean is often talked about. The story of this Brazilian hospital confirms this is the way to go.

Can we still learn from Toyota suppliers in Japan?

FEATURE – Fresh of a study tour in Japan, the authors wonder if there is anything left to learn from Toyota’s network of suppliers in the age of AI and digital. Hint: it’s a rethorical question.

Story of a startup: how to apply lean thinking from the beginning

FEATURE - London-based startup Elastera may represent the example of a company aspiring to be lean from the outset rather than trying to fix itself later through a transformation.

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Developing more robust problem solvers through diversity of course experiences

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How to Improve Problem-Solving Skills: Mathematics and Critical Thinking

In today’s rapidly changing world, problem-solving has become a quintessential skill. When we discuss the topic, it’s natural to ask, “What is problem-solving?” and “How can we enhance this skill, particularly in children?” The discipline of mathematics offers a rich platform to explore these questions. Through math, not only do we delve into numbers and equations, but we also explore how to improve problem-solving skills and how to develop critical thinking skills in math. Let’s embark on this enlightening journey together.

What is Problem-Solving?

At its core, problem-solving involves identifying a challenge and finding a solution. But it’s not always as straightforward as it sounds. So, what is problem-solving? True problem-solving requires a combination of creative thinking and logical reasoning. Mathematics, in many ways, embodies this blend. When a student approaches a math problem, they must discern the issue at hand, consider various methods to tackle it, and then systematically execute their chosen strategy.

But what is problem-solving in a broader context? It’s a life skill. Whether we’re deciding the best route to a destination, determining how to save for a big purchase, or even figuring out how to fix a broken appliance, we’re using problem-solving.

How to Develop Critical Thinking Skills in Math

Critical thinking goes hand in hand with problem-solving. But exactly how to develop critical thinking skills in math might not be immediately obvious. Here are a few strategies:

Contextual Learning: Teaching math within a story or real-life scenario makes it relevant. When students see math as a tool to navigate the world around them, they naturally begin to think critically about solutions.
Open-ended Questions: Instead of merely seeking the “right” answer, encourage students to explain their thought processes. This nudges them to think deeply about their approach.
Group Discussions: Collaborative learning can foster different perspectives, prompting students to consider multiple ways to solve a problem.
Challenging Problems: Occasionally introducing problems that are a bit beyond a student’s current skill level can stimulate critical thinking. They will have to stretch their understanding and think outside the box.

What are the Six Basic Steps of the Problem-Solving Process?

Understanding how to improve problem-solving skills often comes down to familiarizing oneself with the systematic approach to challenges. So, what are the six basic steps of the problem-solving process?

Identification: Recognize and define the problem.
Analysis: Understand the problem’s intricacies and nuances.
Generation of Alternatives: Think of different ways to approach the challenge.
Decision Making: Choose the most suitable method to address the problem.
Implementation: Put the chosen solution into action.
Evaluation: Reflect on the solution’s effectiveness and learn from the outcome.

By embedding these steps into mathematical education, we provide students with a structured framework. When they wonder about how to improve problem-solving skills or how to develop critical thinking skills in math, they can revert to this process, refining their approach with each new challenge.

Making Math Fun and Relevant

At Wonder Math, we believe that the key to developing robust problem-solving skills lies in making math enjoyable and pertinent. When students see math not just as numbers on a page but as a captivating story or a real-world problem to be solved, their engagement skyrockets. And with heightened engagement comes enhanced understanding.

As educators and parents, it’s crucial to continuously ask ourselves: how can we demonstrate to our children what problem-solving is? How can we best teach them how to develop critical thinking skills in math? And how can we instill in them an understanding of the six basic steps of the problem-solving process?

The answer, we believe, lies in active learning, contextual teaching, and a genuine passion for the beauty of mathematics.

The Underlying Beauty of Mathematics

Often, people perceive mathematics as a rigid discipline confined to numbers and formulas. However, this is a limited view. Math, in essence, is a language that describes patterns, relationships, and structures. It’s a medium through which we can communicate complex ideas, describe our universe, and solve intricate problems. Understanding this deeper beauty of math can further emphasize how to develop critical thinking skills in math.

Why Mathematics is the Ideal Playground for Problem-Solving

Math provides endless opportunities for problem-solving. From basic arithmetic puzzles to advanced calculus challenges, every math problem offers a chance to hone our problem-solving skills. But why is mathematics so effective in this regard?

Structured Challenges: Mathematics presents problems in a structured manner, allowing learners to systematically break them down. This format mimics real-world scenarios where understanding the structure of a challenge can be half the battle.
Multiple Approaches: Most math problems can be approached in various ways . This teaches learners flexibility in thinking and the ability to view a single issue from multiple angles.
Immediate Feedback: Unlike many real-world problems where solutions might take time to show results, in math, students often get immediate feedback. They can quickly gauge if their approach works or if they need to rethink their strategy.

Enhancing the Learning Environment

To genuinely harness the power of mathematics in developing problem-solving skills, the learning environment plays a crucial role. A student who is afraid of making mistakes will hesitate to try out different approaches, stunting their critical thinking growth.

However, in a nurturing, supportive environment where mistakes are seen as learning opportunities, students thrive. They become more willing to take risks, try unconventional solutions, and learn from missteps. This mindset, where failure is not feared but embraced as a part of the learning journey, is pivotal for developing robust problem-solving skills.

Incorporating Technology

In our digital age, technology offers innovative ways to explore math. Interactive apps and online platforms can provide dynamic problem-solving scenarios, making the process even more engaging. These tools can simulate real-world challenges, allowing students to apply their math skills in diverse contexts, further answering the question of how to improve problem-solving skills.

More than Numbers

In summary, mathematics is more than just numbers and formulas—it’s a world filled with challenges, patterns, and beauty. By understanding its depth and leveraging its structured nature, we can provide learners with the perfect platform to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The key lies in blending traditional techniques with modern tools, creating a holistic learning environment that fosters growth, curiosity, and a lifelong love for learning.

Join us on this transformative journey at Wonder Math. Let’s make math an adventure, teaching our children not just numbers and equations, but also how to improve problem-solving skills and navigate the world with confidence. Enroll your child today and witness the magic of mathematics unfold before your eyes!

FAQ: Mathematics and Critical Thinking

1. what is problem-solving in the context of mathematics.

Problem-solving in mathematics refers to the process of identifying a mathematical challenge and systematically working through methods and strategies to find a solution.

2. Why is math considered a good avenue for developing problem-solving skills?

Mathematics provides structured challenges and allows for multiple approaches to find solutions. This promotes flexibility in thinking and encourages learners to view problems from various angles.

3. How does contextual learning enhance problem-solving abilities?

By teaching math within a story or real-life scenario, it becomes more relevant for the learner. This helps them see math as a tool to navigate real-world challenges , thereby promoting critical thinking.

4. What are the six basic steps of the problem-solving process in math?

The six steps are: Identification, Analysis, Generation of Alternatives, Decision Making, Implementation, and Evaluation.

5. How can parents support their children in developing mathematical problem-solving skills?

Parents can provide real-life contexts for math problems , encourage open discussions about different methods, and ensure a supportive environment where mistakes are seen as learning opportunities.

6. Are there any tools or apps that can help in enhancing problem-solving skills in math?

Yes, there are various interactive apps and online platforms designed specifically for math learning. These tools provide dynamic problem-solving scenarios and simulate real-world challenges, making the learning process engaging.

7. How does group discussion foster critical thinking in math?

Group discussions allow students to hear different perspectives and approaches to a problem. This can challenge their own understanding and push them to think about alternative methods.

8. Is it necessary to always follow the six steps of the problem-solving process sequentially?

While the six steps provide a structured approach, real-life problem-solving can sometimes be more fluid. It’s beneficial to know the steps, but adaptability and responsiveness to the situation are also crucial.

9. How does Wonder Math incorporate active learning in teaching mathematics?

Wonder Math integrates mathematics within engaging stories and real-world scenarios, making it fun and relevant. This active learning approach ensures that students are not just passive recipients but active participants in the learning process.

10. What if my child finds a math problem too challenging and becomes demotivated?

It’s essential to create a supportive environment where challenges are seen as growth opportunities. Remind them that every problem is a chance to learn, and it’s okay to seek help or approach it differently.

$Summer Math Programs: How They Can Prevent Learning Loss in Young Students$

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As summer approaches, parents and educators alike turn their attention to how they can support young learners during the break. Summer is a time for relaxation, fun, and travel, yet it’s also a critical period when learning loss can occur. This phenomenon, often referred to as the “summer slide,” impacts students’ progress, especially in foundational subjects like mathematics. It’s reported…

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6 Problem Solving Skills That All Leaders Should Work On

Anouare Abdou
January 3, 2023

Chances are, if you are a leader, you are also a pretty good problem-solver . You have come this far because you are proactive about finding solutions. You know how to think critically, strategize and execute. You foster collaboration in your team and make the most of the strengths of each team member. You lean on your communication skills to overcome challenges.

If you want to take your ability to solve complex problems to the next level, however, you’ll need to actively work on the specific problem-solving skills that differentiate great leaders from excellent ones.

“More than ever, leaders are facing highly complex, challenging situations that don’t have simple solutions. These include the intersection of employee mental health, diversity and equity expectations, supply chain issues, societal crises, and more,” according to Dr. Mira Brancu , award-winning leader, author, and consulting psychologist. “Employees and customers are expecting more from companies, and therefore the leaders that are needed today are those who have more than just technical expertise in their field – they also have the ability to solve complex problems.”

On that note, here are six problem-solving skills that all leaders should work on these days.

1. Calculating the critical path

Every leader should know how to calculate the critical path in a project, according to Christina Wallace , senior lecturer of Entrepreneurial Management at Harvard Business School, angel investor, and author of “The Portfolio Life: How to Future-Proof Your Career, Avoid Burnout, and Build A Life Bigger Than Your Business Card .”

Wondering what that even means? In project management, the critical path is the longest sequence of activities that must be completed to ensure a project is finished. Every project has a set of tasks and sub-tasks. Some of them can happen concurrently, while others need to happen in a certain sequence. Identifying all those activities and the dependencies between them allows you to calculate the critical path that leads to the project end date – in simple words, it lets you forecast how long it will take to wrap up your project while anticipating bottlenecks.

“If you’ve ever been stuck in bumper-to-bumper traffic while three lanes winnow down to one, you are familiar with the idea of a bottleneck and its frustrations. It’s the moment when too many things (cars, deadlines) are demanding the same resources at once (roadway, time on your calendar), creating congestion in the system,” says Wallace. Calculating the critical path helps prevent bottlenecks before they happen. Use a Gantt chart , a graphic that displays activities against time, to visualize the critical path of a project – most project-management platforms offer the option to create one. “Visualizing the bottlenecks gives you the opportunity to move things around, add in buffers or simplify processes to ensure your plan is not only feasible but also realistic,” adds Wallace

2. Sensitivity analysis

If you manage a budget, you’ll also want to know how to run a sensitivity analysis – a technique that tests how robust your predictions are.

“If the economy suddenly hits a recession, will that affect the demand for your work or the pricing power you have over your rates? Are there expenses that could see a sizable change, like the cost of living significantly increasing in a fast-growing city? What about one-off costs that you don’t regularly budget for? According to Wallace, ” do you have a plan to mitigate them?” are questions to ask yourself about your financial planning. The idea of a sensitivity analysis is to consider the assumptions built into your financial model – say, assuming that your team is going to hit certain targets– and assess the likelihood of those assumptions being wrong.

“A sensitivity analysis gives you the ability to consider multiple scenarios and understand how your financial plans may need to change if the future looks different than you anticipate,” says Wallace. No need to be a CFO to do this either – if you have a budget, you should unpack the assumptions involved in your plan.

3. Critical thinking

Speaking of assumptions, how often do you challenge your own biases and seek to look at problems in a variety of ways? It’s a crucial aspect of critical thinking – and critical thinking is a crucial aspect of solving problems. To flex your critical thinking muscles, you’ll want to look at issues from different perspectives.

“Critical thinking involves seeing an issue from many angles, zooming out to the big picture and zooming into the details and back, and being able to imagine the impact of making different decisions on multiple stakeholders before making a final decision,” says Brancu.

Practice this with every problem you solve and you may find yourself pleasantly surprised at the solutions that you come up with and the opportunities that open up as a result.

4. Data gathering

Data gathering is another important problem-solving skill to work on. Knowing how to gather both qualitative and quantitative data to solve problems is key, according to Brancu.

“This involves taking the time to speak with critical stakeholders, and business data, and garnering other information to ensure that you are not missing anything important before making a decision. It helps you address your own blind spots,” she says. Gathering information about a challenge before making a move is not time wasted – it’s time gained down the line.

5. Leveraging advisors

Wallace says that leaders should build their own personal “board of directors” to solve problems more effectively. Leveraging your relationships in that way is an underrated but powerful problem-solving ability.

Your advisors should include a collection of folks that you go to for advice, introductions, a fresh perspective, or some hard truth, says Wallace. “They bring their experience, judgment, and network to the table, providing counsel, access, and feedback. Rather than looking for one mentor who can be all things for an indefinite period of time, you can seek out directors who may do a rotation on your board for a few years, maybe more, maybe less.”

To be clear, you don’t need to officially ask them to be part of your “board.” You simply have to make a point of connecting with them on a regular basis because you appreciate their experience and trust their advice. According to Wallace, you should seek to cover five key roles: a coach, a negotiator, a connector, a cheerleader, and a truth-teller. Turn to them when you’re unsure about how to move forward.

6. Change-management skills

Every leader should possess change-management skills when solving problems in this day and age. “Any decision that is made to address a problem needs to consider both the actual change that is required, as well as the people who would be affected. Most leaders overlook the impact and reactions of the people who are affected by any change, or they spend insufficient time considering how to involve different groups of people at different phases of a change process,” according to Brancu.

“As a result, the problem might get worse because the leader didn’t get buy-in, didn’t communicate the concern or plan sufficiently or didn’t sufficiently address concerns raised,” she adds.

If you become adept at change management, you’ll solve issues before they even happen. Talk about a useful problem-solving skill.

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Assessing Problem Solving

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Methods for assessing problem-solving learning outcomes vary with the nature of the problem. For simpler well-structured problems, answer correctness and process may be used along with assessments of comprehension of problem schemas, including problem classification, text editing, and analogical comparisons. For more complex and ill-structured problems that have no convergent answers, solution criteria, or solution methods, problem solving may be assessed by constructing and applying solution rubrics to assess mental simulations (scenarios), arguments in support of solutions, and student-constructed problems. Problem solving processes are normally assessed by coding schemes. In addition to assessing problem solutions, assessments of critical cognitive skills, including causal reasoning and student models, may be used to infer problem-solving skills.

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Jonassen, D.H. (2014). Assessing Problem Solving. In: Spector, J., Merrill, M., Elen, J., Bishop, M. (eds) Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5_22

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Problem Solving Skills Inspired by STEM Education

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education serves as a catalyst for developing competent problem solvers who are capable of tackling challenges in a variety of fields. The core principles of STEM education provide the foundation for developing robust problem-solving skills that transcend traditional boundaries.

In an era characterised by technological revolutions, STEM education has become indispensable. It instils in students critical thinking skills, motivating them to inquire, evaluate, and resolve real-world issues. Furthermore, STEM fosters attributes like creativity, teamwork, and adaptability, all of which are vital in a globally interconnected and competitive job market.

Educational Empowerment

STEM projects place a premium on education as the foundation of their efforts. They work relentlessly to improve STEM education in schools, colleges, and institutions. This involves creating an up-to-date curriculum, improving teaching methods, and offering professional development opportunities for instructors. By providing instructors with the most up-to-date information and tools, they may successfully transfer their enthusiasm for STEM subjects to their pupils.

Inculcating Analytical Thinking

Teaching Analytical Thinking in STEM education imparts a culture of analytical thinking. Students are encouraged to approach problems systematically and break them down into manageable components. This analytical mindset forms the basis of effective problem-solving, allowing individuals to systematically analyse problems and develop strategic solutions.

Application of Theoretical Knowledge

Promoting Critical Research The focus of STEM education is the promotion of critical research. Learners are encouraged to ask questions, challenge assumptions and explore innovative approaches. This innate curiosity fosters a problem-solving mindset that seeks comprehensive and efficient solutions to complex challenges rather than just solutions. Application of Theoretical Knowledge STEM Education bridges the gap between theory and application. Practical experience is gained through the practical application of concepts through experiments and projects, allowing students to translate theoretical knowledge into real-world problem-solving scenarios.

Embracing Iterative Problem-Solving

Comprehensive Iterative Problem-Solving STEM-inspired problem solvers understand the iterative nature of problem-solving. They embrace trial and error and see failure not as a setback but as a stepping stone to further development. This iterative approach fosters resilience and adaptability in dealing with complex problems.

Hands-On Learning

STEM programmes aggressively promote hands-on learning. This includes giving students and researchers access to cutting-edge facilities, equipment, and Technology. Individuals gain practical insights into scientific topics and engineering principles via hands-on experimentation. They learn not only from textbooks but also through actively participating in their study materials and activities.

Interdisciplinary Approach STEM education

Promotes an interdisciplinary approach to problem-solving.Students integrate knowledge from a variety of STEM fields to develop a comprehensive understanding of the problem. This interdisciplinary perspective widens the range of solutions available to address challenges.

Mentoring and advising

STEM projects frequently match students and prospective researchers with experienced mentors. These mentors provide advice, share their knowledge, and provide essential insights. Mentorship programmes develop creativity and provide a supportive environment for aspiring innovators. This not only recognises accomplishments but also gives a venue for innovators to get feedback, enhance their concepts, and connect with possible partners and investors.

Technological Integration

Integrating Technology Integrating Technology into his STEM education provides an individual with the skills to utilise technological advances in problem-solving. Knowledge of coding, data analysis, and the use of technical tools improves problem-solving skills and enables innovative and efficient solutions.

Collaborative Problem-Solving

Problem-solving through collaboration Collaboration is the cornerstone of his STEM education. Students participate in team-based projects and learn how to collaborate effectively. This fosters an environment where a variety of ideas come together and fosters a collaborative problem-solving approach from a variety of perspectives.

Cultivating Resilience and Innovation

Promoting Resilience and Innovation STEM education strengthens the resilience of problem solvers. Encountering and overcoming challenges fosters innovative thinking. Individuals learn to adapt, innovate, and create unconventional solutions, expanding their problem-solving repertoire.

Fundamentally , STEM education serves as a powerful catalyst for developing problem-solving skills. By emphasising a multifaceted approach, critical thinking, technology integration, and a collaborative spirit, we develop individuals into skilled problem solvers prepared to tackle the complex challenges of today and tomorrow.

India STEM Foundation

Embracing Realistic Thinking: A Practical Guide to Empower Your Decision-Making

Realistic thinking is the compass that guides us through the fog of uncertainty, helping us see the path ahead with clarity and purpose. John C. Maxwell Tweet

Within this guide, we will explore how to master the art of realistic thinking—a skill that empowers you to navigate life’s complexities with confidence. By delving into specific questions and relatable examples, you’ll gain insights into making informed decisions, overcoming hurdles, and crafting a path forward that aligns with your goals and aspirations.

Here’s a Quick Overview of this Guide

In a world that often feels overwhelming and uncertain, mastering the art of realistic thinking can be your guiding light. Realistic thinking is not a superpower reserved for a chosen few; it’s a practical approach that anyone can cultivate to navigate life’s challenges more effectively. By evaluating information, managing expectations, embracing multiple perspectives, and taking proactive steps, you can become a confident decision-maker, problem-solver, and goal achiever. As you embark on this journey, I’ll lead you through a comprehensive six-step process designed to enhance your thinking skills and empower your decision-making. These steps will enable you to gather information, acknowledge your biases, evaluate situations objectively, consider multiple perspectives, outline goals and plans, and remain open to new information. With each step, you’ll build a robust foundation for thinking realistically, enabling you to face challenges with clarity and make choices that align with your aspirations. But I won’t stop there. I understand that understanding the theory is one thing, but putting it into practice is another. That’s why I’ll provide you with very specific questions tailored to each step, helping you apply realistic thinking directly to your life. And to make the process even clearer, I’ll present you with practical examples that demonstrate how to put these concepts into action. By the end, you’ll not only grasp the principles of realistic thinking but also be equipped with the tools to wield their power in real-world scenarios. Here are quick links to help you navigate the six steps below. – Step 1: Gather Information – Step 2: Acknowledge Your Biases – Step 3: Evaluate the Situation Objectively – Step 4: Consider Multiple Perspectives – Step 5: Outline Your Goal and Game Plan – Step 6: Be Open to New Information Before we break down the six-step process for realistic thinking, let’s explore the essential prerequisites for effective realistic thinking. By mastering these foundational elements, you’ll be equipped to tackle challenges and uncertainties with a clear and informed approach, setting the stage for success in both personal and professional domains.

Embrace Your Rational Mind: The Key to Clarity

To begin your journey into realistic thinking, embrace your rational mind and keep an open outlook. Avoid jumping to conclusions or making snap judgments based on emotions alone. Instead, approach situations with a curious and inquisitive mindset. Gather evidence, assess its credibility, and draw conclusions based on facts and logical analysis. Remember, the goal is to gain clarity and make informed decisions that align with your values and aspirations.

Actionable Tip: Before making a significant decision, take a step back and assess the available information objectively. Consider both the pros and cons, and seek additional perspectives if needed. This thoughtful process will help you make choices with confidence.

Balancing Short and Long-Term Considerations: A Roadmap to Success

Realistic thinking involves striking a balance between short-term gains and long-term objectives. While immediate rewards might be enticing, it’s essential to consider the potential consequences down the road. Take the time to assess the risks and benefits of different options, weighing the impact they may have on your future endeavors. By aligning your decisions with your long-term goals, you’ll pave the way for sustainable success.

Actionable Tip: When faced with a significant choice, create a simple list of short-term gains and long-term consequences for each option. This visual aid will help you gain clarity on the potential outcomes and make decisions that align with your bigger vision.

Manage Expectations Wisely: Your Key to Inner Peace

Unrealistic expectations can set you up for disappointment and unnecessary stress. Embrace realistic thinking by setting attainable goals and recognizing that not everything will always go as planned. Rather than expecting perfection, focus on progress and growth. Acknowledge that setbacks are a natural part of the journey and see them as opportunities to learn and improve.

Actionable Tip: Practice self-compassion by celebrating your achievements, no matter how small, and reframing setbacks as learning experiences. By being kind to yourself, you’ll cultivate resilience and maintain a positive mindset.

Embrace Multiple Perspectives: Expanding Your Horizons

Broaden your horizons by embracing multiple perspectives. Understand that different viewpoints offer valuable insights and can lead to more robust problem-solving. Cultivate empathy and actively seek out diverse opinions, even if they challenge your own beliefs. Embracing a variety of perspectives fosters creativity and innovation, allowing you to approach challenges from fresh angles.

Actionable Tip: Engage in conversations with people from different backgrounds and viewpoints. Listen actively and resist the urge to interrupt or impose your own ideas. This practice will enhance your ability to consider multiple perspectives and enrich your decision-making process.

Make Informed Decisions: Your Superpower of Precision

Realistic thinking empowers you to make informed decisions based on a thorough understanding of the situation. Avoid rushing into choices without careful consideration. Take the time to gather relevant information, conduct research, and consult reliable sources. By approaching decisions with a methodical approach, you’ll boost your chances of achieving successful outcomes.

Actionable Tip: When faced with a challenging decision, create a decision-making checklist that outlines the essential factors to consider. Use this tool as a guide to ensure you’ve covered all the critical aspects before making your choice.

Embrace Resilience: Bouncing Back with Realistic Courage

Life is full of ups and downs, and realistic thinking helps you navigate through setbacks with resilience. Embrace the reality that challenges are a natural part of growth and success. By setting achievable goals and preparing for potential obstacles, you’ll develop the courage to face adversity head-on and come out stronger on the other side.

Actionable Tip: When faced with a setback, take a moment to acknowledge your emotions and reflect on the lessons learned. Then, devise a plan to move forward, leveraging your problem-solving skills to find creative solutions.

Adaptability: Your Superpower of Evolution

Realistic thinking encourages adaptability, allowing you to embrace change with grace and flexibility. Stay open to new information and be willing to adjust your plans when necessary. The ability to adapt empowers you to thrive in a dynamic world and seize opportunities that align with your values and goals.

Actionable Tip: Challenge yourself to step outside your comfort zone regularly. Seek out new experiences and be open to learning from them. Embracing change will build your adaptability muscles and prepare you for any adventure life throws your way.

Frequently Asked Questions About Realistic Thinking

What is realistic thinking, and why is it important? Realistic thinking involves examining situations objectively, considering various perspectives, and making informed decisions based on facts rather than biases. It’s essential because it empowers you to navigate challenges more effectively, make sound choices, and achieve your goals with greater clarity.

How can I identify and overcome my biases? Identifying biases requires self-awareness and regular introspection. Keep a journal to record your thoughts and feelings, enabling you to spot recurring biases. Overcoming them involves actively questioning your assumptions, seeking diverse perspectives, and making a conscious effort to base decisions on factual information.

What strategies can I use to evaluate situations more objectively? To evaluate situations objectively, break them down into manageable components. Create decision matrices outlining pros, cons, and potential risks for each option. Seek out historical patterns, consider long-term implications, and stay open to adjusting your plan based on changing circumstances.

How can considering multiple perspectives benefit my decision-making? Considering multiple perspectives broadens your understanding of complex issues and helps you make well-rounded decisions. Engage in conversations with individuals who hold different views, explore alternate angles, and assess how each perspective aligns with your goals and values.

How can I apply realistic thinking in practical situations? Begin by asking probing questions about the situation, gathering comprehensive information, and identifying biases that may cloud your judgment. Objectively evaluate the situation, explore various perspectives, and outline your goals and action plan. Remain open to adapting your approach based on new insights, and continuously refine your thinking process.

Are You Ready to Master Realistic Thinking?

By incorporating these principles into your thought process, you’ll equip yourself to tackle life’s challenges with a clear and level-headed approach. Realistic thinking isn’t just a skill; it’s a mindset that empowers you to make informed choices, navigate complexities, and embrace the uncertainties of life with confidence.

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Adam Sicinski

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What Soft Skills are Key in The Era of AI?

The boom of artificial intelligence is showing that AI and soft skills need to form a strong couple. Knowing the algorithms is not enough.

August 3, 2023 by Codemotion

Introduction

In the dawn of the digital age, mastering the art of ‘Googling’ was considered a must-have skill. Fast forward to today, and we find ourselves navigating the complex landscape of generative artificial intelligence (AI). It’s a brave new world where the rules of engagement are being rewritten, and the skillset required is evolving at a rapid pace.

The days of mere keyword hunting are behind us. Today, working effectively with AI demands a more sophisticated understanding. It’s not just about what you know, but how you apply it in the context of empathy, culture, and societal nuances.

This article explores this seismic shift, highlighting the crucial role that soft skills now play in AI. From collaboration and communication to ethical decision-making and UX design , we delve into how these human-centric skills are shaping the way we interact with and leverage AI technology.

Join us as we journey through this exciting evolution, examining the ways in which our relationship with AI is becoming less about codes and algorithms , and more about understanding, adapting, and connecting in a rapidly changing world.

Essential Soft Skills for The Era of AI

In the rapidly advancing era of AI, technical know-how alone is insufficient. Professionals must now embrace vital soft skills to leverage AI effectively and responsibly. Beyond coding expertise, qualities like empathy, communication, adaptability, and ethical reasoning are crucial . This section explores key soft skills for AI, emphasizing the significance of understanding culture, context, adopting new technologies, and prioritizing user needs. Mastering these skills is not only pivotal for shaping AI’s future but also for ensuring its alignment with human values and societal welfare.

Team Synergy and Communication : AI initiatives often bring together teams from various disciplines, each with its own unique expertise. Effective dialogue and cooperation are key for developers, data scientists, and subject matter experts to synchronize their efforts and share insights to reach project objectives.

Understanding User Perspectives : Soft abilities like empathy and active listening equip AI practitioners to better comprehend the needs and hurdles faced by users. By tuning into user viewpoints, they can customize AI solutions to address real-world issues more effectively.

Ethical Aspects : AI introduces ethical dilemmas around privacy, bias, and fairness. Soft skills such as ethical judgment and decision-making are essential for AI professionals to ensure that AI systems are responsibly designed and used, taking into account their potential social impact.

Resilience and Adaptability : The fast-paced evolution of AI technology necessitates professionals to be resilient and open to adopting new tools, methodologies, and frameworks. Soft skills encourage a growth mindset, enabling individuals to continually learn and stay abreast in this ever-changing field.

Problem Resolution : AI projects typically present intricate challenges. Robust problem-solving skills and critical thinking and innovation empower AI professionals to devise novel solutions and effectively overcome hurdles.

User Experience (UX) Design : AI applications need to be intuitive and user-friendly. Soft skills in UX design and user research assist AI teams in crafting interfaces and interactions that users find straightforward and easy to navigate. It’s key to use AI to boost inclusive design and accessibility .

Contextual Understanding of AI : Soft skills enable AI professionals to appreciate the broader context in which AI is implemented. This includes societal, cultural, and economic factors that can influence AI projects and their outcomes.

User-Oriented Approach : AI should cater to its intended users and meet their specific needs. Soft skills empower AI professionals to maintain a user-oriented approach, ensuring that AI solutions meet user expectations and needs.

musica intelligenza artificiale. AI and music are coming together.

Soft Skills and AI: What the Future Holds

As we navigate the final bend in our exploration of AI and soft skills, it’s clear that the key to leveraging this transformative technology goes far beyond algorithmic prowess or coding competence. The era of merely ‘Googling’ has given way to a new dawn where the skillset required for working with generative AI extends into the realms of empathy, culture, and context.

A successful AI professional is not just a technologist but also a compassionate communicator, a discerning ethicist, an adaptable learner, and a creative problem-solver. As AI continues to evolve, so too must our approach to it. By fostering these soft skills, we can ensure that we’re not just keeping pace with AI’s rapid advancement, but also harnessing its potential responsibly, ethically, and effectively for a future where technology and humanity coexist in harmony.

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Empowering Students With Effective Decision-Making Skills: A How-to Guide

In a rapidly changing world, one of the most important life skills we can impart to the next generation is effective decision-making.

In an educational context, life skills , including effective decision-making skills, have been linked to a reduction in violence and an improvement in academic performance.

It's observed that these skills enhance self-discipline and determination , leading to better homework completion, positive social behavior, and improved academic grades.

This capability extends beyond simple choices, equipping students with the tools to navigate complex situations, build resilience, and foster personal responsibility.

Character education is an essential part of modern education, empowering our young minds with the moral compass and decision-making skills they need to succeed in life.

In this article, we'll provide a step-by-step guide on how to teach your students the necessary skills for effective decision-making. You’ll learn:

How character education fosters decision-making skills
Techniques to foster personal responsibility and autonomy through decision-making
Teaching methods to develop analytical thinking in students
Approaches to promote positive risk-taking
Collaboration between teachers and students is key to imparting effective decision-making skills

What Decision-Making Is and Why It Matters

" In any moment of decision, the best thing you can do is the right thing, the next best thing is the wrong thing, and the worst thing you can do is nothing. " — Theodore Roosevelt

Helping your students master decision-making skills can feel like a daunting task—after all, what does it entail?

Decision-making is a multi-faceted process. It involves consequence evaluation of various decisions , diligently weighing the options against potential outcomes, and incorporating ethical reasoning alongside personal beliefs.

Beyond this, it’s about engaging in rigorous introspection to ensure that the best possible choice is selected.

Empowering students with effective decision-making skills has the following benefits:

Priming Students for Real-World Challenges

Decision-making skills teach students how to identify problems, analyze potential solutions, and select the most suitable course of action.

This skill is crucial in making decisions like career path selection , financial management , or handling interpersonal conflicts .

Additionally, decision-making activities often involve others and students can learn negotiation, communication, and empathy .

These skills are critical in building and maintaining healthy personal and professional relationships.

Encouraging Personal Responsibility

Personal responsibility is a critical aspect of decision-making, one that acts as a catalyst for growth and maturity.

When students make decisions, they’re not just selecting an option, but also accepting the consequences of that choice.

The decision-making process teaches them to take ownership of their actions and promotes accountability.

With every decision, students not only address current issues but also refine their strategies for future challenges. This adaptability, adjusting actions based on previous outcomes, further enhances their understanding of their decision-making processes.

Top Tip: Encourage students to practice mindfulness. It can improve focus and awareness in the decision-making process, leading to more thoughtful and deliberate choices.

Teaching Analytical Thinking

Nurturing analytical thinking does more than just boost students’ academic prowess; it equips them with the skills to make thoughtful , informed choices in various facets of life.

The beauty of analytical thinking lies in its approach—taking what seems like an overwhelming problem, dissecting it into manageable parts, and looking closely at each part’s details.

Educators can teach analytical skills to students by:

Encouraging questions : Foster a classroom environment where curiosity is encouraged.
Implementing problem-based learning : Present students with real-world problems that require them to analyze the situation, think critically, and devise solutions.
Holding debates and discussions : Debates and discussions require students to analyze different viewpoints, construct coherent arguments, and critically evaluate opposing views.
Holding brainstorming sessions : They encourage students to think creatively, consider multiple perspectives, and contribute their unique ideas.
Using case studies : Case studies allow students to apply their analytical skills to real-world examples. They can analyze the case, identify patterns, draw conclusions, and propose solutions.

When teaching analytical thinking skills in the classroom, educators should focus on providing support rather than dictating solutions. This helps build student confidence by giving them the autonomy to find answers on their own.

The journey of learning analytical thinking is also a journey of self-discovery.

As students navigate through complex problems, breaking them into bite-sized pieces, they gain insight into their own problem-solving styles and preferences.

Related Reading: A Stepwise Approach to Critical Thinking

Promoting Reflective Thinking for Enhanced Decision-Making

Encouraging reflection can help students develop the insight and self-awareness necessary to make informed decisions.

They do so by understanding their strengths and weaknesses to spot opportunities for growth and improvement.

Students can also learn from their mistakes, recognize emotions that influenced their choices, and develop empathy.

With a few simple activities and exercises, teachers can instill the skills needed to bring about thoughtful, informed decision-making.

These activities include:

Self-Awareness Exercises

Self-awareness is essential for making sound decisions.

Taking time to explore one's values, goals, and interests helps students recognize their own patterns of behavior so they can make better choices in the future.

Examples of self-awareness activities are reflective journaling, goal-setting projects, and identity-mapping exercises.

Reflective journaling : Encourage students to write about their experiences, thoughts, and feelings regularly.

You can provide prompts that invite students to reflect on specific situations or decisions they've made and explore the reasoning behind their choices and the outcomes.

The aim is to encourage introspection, helping students understand their decision-making processes and learn from past experiences.

Goal-setting projects : Ask students to identify their short-term and long-term goals. These could be related to academics, personal development, or career aspirations.

Once the goals are set, students can then identify the steps needed to achieve them, helping them understand the decision-making process involved in planning and executing actions toward a goal.

Regular check-ins on these goals can further enhance students' self-awareness, self-management , and adaptive decision-making as they reflect on their progress and make necessary adjustments.

Identity mapping exercises : Here, students create visual representations of their identities, illustrating different aspects of their lives such as interests, values, strengths, weaknesses, and cultural background.

These maps can be in the form of diagrams, collages, or digital graphics.

By examining these maps, students gain a better understanding of who they are, which in turn can influence their decision-making process.

For instance, understanding their strengths and weaknesses can help students make informed decisions about which courses to take or careers to pursue.

Mindfulness Practices

Mindfulness meditation helps regulate emotions by taking a step back from challenging situations so that students can calmly assess their options and decide how best to act upon them.

Some activities include:

Mindful breathing exercises : Invite students to focus their attention on their breath. This exercise brings students into the present moment, helping them calm their minds and bodies.

Amid this calmness, they can objectively assess challenging situations, considering their options without the cloud of emotional distress.

Guided meditations : These meditations often involve visualizations or prompts that help students focus their minds, promoting a state of calm and clarity.

In this tranquil state, students can approach decision-making more rationally.

Role-Playing Scenarios

In a role-playing scenario, one student takes on the role of the protagonist while others provide feedback as observers or antagonists.

Let’s say the class is tackling environmental responsibility.

In this scenario, one student could play the role of a local business owner who is disposing of waste irresponsibly (antagonist), while another student plays the role of a concerned community member (protagonist).

The rest of the students can act as observers or other community members.

The protagonist must decide how to address the situation—whether to confront the business owner directly, report to local authorities, or organize a community initiative to promote responsible waste disposal.

After the role-play, students can discuss their views on the protagonist's actions and suggest alternative strategies.

This exercise fosters an understanding of environmental responsibility and encourages students to consider the wider implications of their decisions, both on their community and the environment.

Want more ideas? The table below offers a selection of additional role-play scenarios across various topics to further enrich your classroom discussions and exercises.

By offering self-exploration tools to youth, we enable them to critically address personal and communal issues, fostering individual and societal growth.

Cultivating Robust Problem-Solving Activities

Helping students develop their problem-solving skills can equip them with the confidence to make informed decisions.

Creative brainstorming and collaborative problem-solving are two techniques that can be used to help students come up with solutions.

Creative brainstorming : This technique encourages free thinking and the generation of a wide array of ideas.

In a classroom setting, a teacher might pose a problem or a question, then invite students to brainstorm as many solutions or answers as possible.

No idea is initially deemed as irrelevant—the goal is to promote creative thinking and open-ended exploration.

This process not only stimulates innovative problem-solving but also helps students understand that there can be multiple solutions to a single problem .

Collaborative problem solving : In this approach, students work together in groups to solve a given problem.

Each group member brings their unique perspective and ideas to the table, and through discussion and negotiation, they aim to reach a consensus on the best solution.

This technique teaches students the value of teamwork, active listening, and respect for diverse opinions.

It fosters critical thinking as students must assess the pros and cons of each proposed solution, and it strengthens their decision-making skills as they collectively decide on the most effective course of action.

To further test their decision-making skills, have students participate in ethical dilemma discussions to practice identifying key issues and considering different perspectives.

Ethical dilemmas can enhance problem-solving skills. The table below presents some scenarios to consider.

Problem-solving is a skill that will stay with them for life , so it's important to give them multiple opportunities to try out different approaches.

With proper guidance, every child can become a skilled problem-solver, capable of making wise choices in difficult situations.

Fostering a Culture of Positive Risk-Taking

“ I am always doing that which I cannot do, in order that I may learn how to do it. ” — Pablo Picasso

Risk-taking fosters growth, and character education equips students to take risks positively. It boosts their confidence , enabling them to learn from their mistakes .

Through character education, teachers can guide students in developing the skills necessary to take safe risks while recognizing potential consequences.

Follow these tips to implement a positive risk-taking culture:

Create a safe environment : Reassure students that mistakes are not failures, but rather opportunities for learning and growth.

Share your own experiences of learning from mistakes or model how to handle failures.

Encourage independent thinking : Pose open-ended questions or assign tasks that require problem-solving skills.

The goal is to get students comfortable with the idea of making decisions and taking risks, even if the outcome is uncertain.

Reward risk-taking : Recognize and reward students who take risks to further encourage this behavior. Offer verbal praise, certificates, class privileges, or showcase student work.
Teach risk assessment : Introduce activities that involve weighing the potential benefits against the potential drawbacks of different decisions.

For instance, in a scenario where the class is organizing a fundraising event, the students have to decide between two main ideas: a bake sale or a sponsored fun run.

The teacher could guide the students to assess the risks involved in each scenario.

This can help students understand that not all risks are equal and that thoughtful decision-making involves considering all possible outcomes.

This teaching approach encourages students to step out of their comfort zones and venture into uncharted territories, thereby boosting their self-confidence and fostering resilience.

By embracing risks in a supportive environment, students can experiment without the fear of failure, transforming mistakes into opportunities for learning.

Additional Tip: As a quick class activity, have students discuss a time when they took a risk and how it played out—both positive and negative outcomes.

The Impact of Empowered Decision-Making

" It's not hard to make decisions when you know what your values are ." — Roy Disney

Empowering students with effective decision-making skills is more than just an academic exercise; it's about equipping them with vital life skills that go beyond the classroom.

Through teaching analytical and critical thinking , encouraging reflection, developing problem-solving skills, and fostering a culture of positive risk-taking, educators can guide students on their path to becoming confident, independent, and responsible decision-makers.

Creating opportunities for students to practice these skills instills an appreciation for autonomy and fosters personal growth.

Embracing risk-taking, while promoting resilience, leads to the discovery of new talents and passions, highlighting the value of exploring the unknown.

As we step back and support rather than dictate, we cultivate an environment of growth and discovery . We learn that mistakes aren't failures, but learning opportunities.

Most importantly, students learn that the journey to effective decision-making is a dynamic process, constantly evolving with each choice made.

Got questions or want to learn more? Feel free to reach out to us by emailing [email protected] or giving us a call at (208) 733-1328. Your journey towards empowering students starts here.

Together, let's pave the way for a future of confident decision-makers!

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Do You Understand the Problem You’re Trying to Solve?

To solve tough problems at work, first ask these questions.

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Problem solving skills are invaluable in any job. But all too often, we jump to find solutions to a problem without taking time to really understand the dilemma we face, according to Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg , an expert in innovation and the author of the book, What’s Your Problem?: To Solve Your Toughest Problems, Change the Problems You Solve .

In this episode, you’ll learn how to reframe tough problems by asking questions that reveal all the factors and assumptions that contribute to the situation. You’ll also learn why searching for just one root cause can be misleading.

Key episode topics include: leadership, decision making and problem solving, power and influence, business management.

HBR On Leadership curates the best case studies and conversations with the world’s top business and management experts, to help you unlock the best in those around you. New episodes every week.

Listen to the original HBR IdeaCast episode: The Secret to Better Problem Solving (2016)
Find more episodes of HBR IdeaCast
Discover 100 years of Harvard Business Review articles, case studies, podcasts, and more at HBR.org .

HANNAH BATES: Welcome to HBR on Leadership , case studies and conversations with the world’s top business and management experts, hand-selected to help you unlock the best in those around you.

Problem solving skills are invaluable in any job. But even the most experienced among us can fall into the trap of solving the wrong problem.

Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg says that all too often, we jump to find solutions to a problem – without taking time to really understand what we’re facing.

He’s an expert in innovation, and he’s the author of the book, What’s Your Problem?: To Solve Your Toughest Problems, Change the Problems You Solve .

In this episode, you’ll learn how to reframe tough problems, by asking questions that reveal all the factors and assumptions that contribute to the situation. You’ll also learn why searching for one root cause can be misleading. And you’ll learn how to use experimentation and rapid prototyping as problem-solving tools.

This episode originally aired on HBR IdeaCast in December 2016. Here it is.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: Welcome to the HBR IdeaCast from Harvard Business Review. I’m Sarah Green Carmichael.

Problem solving is popular. People put it on their resumes. Managers believe they excel at it. Companies count it as a key proficiency. We solve customers’ problems.

The problem is we often solve the wrong problems. Albert Einstein and Peter Drucker alike have discussed the difficulty of effective diagnosis. There are great frameworks for getting teams to attack true problems, but they’re often hard to do daily and on the fly. That’s where our guest comes in.

Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg is a consultant who helps companies and managers reframe their problems so they can come up with an effective solution faster. He asks the question “Are You Solving The Right Problems?” in the January-February 2017 issue of Harvard Business Review. Thomas, thank you so much for coming on the HBR IdeaCast .

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Thanks for inviting me.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, I thought maybe we could start by talking about the problem of talking about problem reframing. What is that exactly?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Basically, when people face a problem, they tend to jump into solution mode to rapidly, and very often that means that they don’t really understand, necessarily, the problem they’re trying to solve. And so, reframing is really a– at heart, it’s a method that helps you avoid that by taking a second to go in and ask two questions, basically saying, first of all, wait. What is the problem we’re trying to solve? And then crucially asking, is there a different way to think about what the problem actually is?

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, I feel like so often when this comes up in meetings, you know, someone says that, and maybe they throw out the Einstein quote about you spend an hour of problem solving, you spend 55 minutes to find the problem. And then everyone else in the room kind of gets irritated. So, maybe just give us an example of maybe how this would work in practice in a way that would not, sort of, set people’s teeth on edge, like oh, here Sarah goes again, reframing the whole problem instead of just solving it.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: I mean, you’re bringing up something that’s, I think is crucial, which is to create legitimacy for the method. So, one of the reasons why I put out the article is to give people a tool to say actually, this thing is still important, and we need to do it. But I think the really critical thing in order to make this work in a meeting is actually to learn how to do it fast, because if you have the idea that you need to spend 30 minutes in a meeting delving deeply into the problem, I mean, that’s going to be uphill for most problems. So, the critical thing here is really to try to make it a practice you can implement very, very rapidly.

There’s an example that I would suggest memorizing. This is the example that I use to explain very rapidly what it is. And it’s basically, I call it the slow elevator problem. You imagine that you are the owner of an office building, and that your tenants are complaining that the elevator’s slow.

Now, if you take that problem framing for granted, you’re going to start thinking creatively around how do we make the elevator faster. Do we install a new motor? Do we have to buy a new lift somewhere?

The thing is, though, if you ask people who actually work with facilities management, well, they’re going to have a different solution for you, which is put up a mirror next to the elevator. That’s what happens is, of course, that people go oh, I’m busy. I’m busy. I’m– oh, a mirror. Oh, that’s beautiful.

And then they forget time. What’s interesting about that example is that the idea with a mirror is actually a solution to a different problem than the one you first proposed. And so, the whole idea here is once you get good at using reframing, you can quickly identify other aspects of the problem that might be much better to try to solve than the original one you found. It’s not necessarily that the first one is wrong. It’s just that there might be better problems out there to attack that we can, means we can do things much faster, cheaper, or better.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, in that example, I can understand how A, it’s probably expensive to make the elevator faster, so it’s much cheaper just to put up a mirror. And B, maybe the real problem people are actually feeling, even though they’re not articulating it right, is like, I hate waiting for the elevator. But if you let them sort of fix their hair or check their teeth, they’re suddenly distracted and don’t notice.

But if you have, this is sort of a pedestrian example, but say you have a roommate or a spouse who doesn’t clean up the kitchen. Facing that problem and not having your elegant solution already there to highlight the contrast between the perceived problem and the real problem, how would you take a problem like that and attack it using this method so that you can see what some of the other options might be?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Right. So, I mean, let’s say it’s you who have that problem. I would go in and say, first of all, what would you say the problem is? Like, if you were to describe your view of the problem, what would that be?

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: I hate cleaning the kitchen, and I want someone else to clean it up.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: OK. So, my first observation, you know, that somebody else might not necessarily be your spouse. So, already there, there’s an inbuilt assumption in your question around oh, it has to be my husband who does the cleaning. So, it might actually be worth, already there to say, is that really the only problem you have? That you hate cleaning the kitchen, and you want to avoid it? Or might there be something around, as well, getting a better relationship in terms of how you solve problems in general or establishing a better way to handle small problems when dealing with your spouse?

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: Or maybe, now that I’m thinking that, maybe the problem is that you just can’t find the stuff in the kitchen when you need to find it.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Right, and so that’s an example of a reframing, that actually why is it a problem that the kitchen is not clean? Is it only because you hate the act of cleaning, or does it actually mean that it just takes you a lot longer and gets a lot messier to actually use the kitchen, which is a different problem. The way you describe this problem now, is there anything that’s missing from that description?

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: That is a really good question.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Other, basically asking other factors that we are not talking about right now, and I say those because people tend to, when given a problem, they tend to delve deeper into the detail. What often is missing is actually an element outside of the initial description of the problem that might be really relevant to what’s going on. Like, why does the kitchen get messy in the first place? Is it something about the way you use it or your cooking habits? Is it because the neighbor’s kids, kind of, use it all the time?

There might, very often, there might be issues that you’re not really thinking about when you first describe the problem that actually has a big effect on it.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: I think at this point it would be helpful to maybe get another business example, and I’m wondering if you could tell us the story of the dog adoption problem.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Yeah. This is a big problem in the US. If you work in the shelter industry, basically because dogs are so popular, more than 3 million dogs every year enter a shelter, and currently only about half of those actually find a new home and get adopted. And so, this is a problem that has persisted. It’s been, like, a structural problem for decades in this space. In the last three years, where people found new ways to address it.

So a woman called Lori Weise who runs a rescue organization in South LA, and she actually went in and challenged the very idea of what we were trying to do. She said, no, no. The problem we’re trying to solve is not about how to get more people to adopt dogs. It is about keeping the dogs with their first family so they never enter the shelter system in the first place.

In 2013, she started what’s called a Shelter Intervention Program that basically works like this. If a family comes and wants to hand over their dog, these are called owner surrenders. It’s about 30% of all dogs that come into a shelter. All they would do is go up and ask, if you could, would you like to keep your animal? And if they said yes, they would try to fix whatever helped them fix the problem, but that made them turn over this.

And sometimes that might be that they moved into a new building. The landlord required a deposit, and they simply didn’t have the money to put down a deposit. Or the dog might need a $10 rabies shot, but they didn’t know how to get access to a vet.

And so, by instigating that program, just in the first year, she took her, basically the amount of dollars they spent per animal they helped went from something like $85 down to around $60. Just an immediate impact, and her program now is being rolled out, is being supported by the ASPCA, which is one of the big animal welfare stations, and it’s being rolled out to various other places.

And I think what really struck me with that example was this was not dependent on having the internet. This was not, oh, we needed to have everybody mobile before we could come up with this. This, conceivably, we could have done 20 years ago. Only, it only happened when somebody, like in this case Lori, went in and actually rethought what the problem they were trying to solve was in the first place.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, what I also think is so interesting about that example is that when you talk about it, it doesn’t sound like the kind of thing that would have been thought of through other kinds of problem solving methods. There wasn’t necessarily an After Action Review or a 5 Whys exercise or a Six Sigma type intervention. I don’t want to throw those other methods under the bus, but how can you get such powerful results with such a very simple way of thinking about something?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: That was something that struck me as well. This, in a way, reframing and the idea of the problem diagnosis is important is something we’ve known for a long, long time. And we’ve actually have built some tools to help out. If you worked with us professionally, you are familiar with, like, Six Sigma, TRIZ, and so on. You mentioned 5 Whys. A root cause analysis is another one that a lot of people are familiar with.

Those are our good tools, and they’re definitely better than nothing. But what I notice when I work with the companies applying those was those tools tend to make you dig deeper into the first understanding of the problem we have. If it’s the elevator example, people start asking, well, is that the cable strength, or is the capacity of the elevator? That they kind of get caught by the details.

That, in a way, is a bad way to work on problems because it really assumes that there’s like a, you can almost hear it, a root cause. That you have to dig down and find the one true problem, and everything else was just symptoms. That’s a bad way to think about problems because problems tend to be multicausal.

There tend to be lots of causes or levers you can potentially press to address a problem. And if you think there’s only one, if that’s the right problem, that’s actually a dangerous way. And so I think that’s why, that this is a method I’ve worked with over the last five years, trying to basically refine how to make people better at this, and the key tends to be this thing about shifting out and saying, is there a totally different way of thinking about the problem versus getting too caught up in the mechanistic details of what happens.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: What about experimentation? Because that’s another method that’s become really popular with the rise of Lean Startup and lots of other innovation methodologies. Why wouldn’t it have worked to, say, experiment with many different types of fixing the dog adoption problem, and then just pick the one that works the best?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: You could say in the dog space, that’s what’s been going on. I mean, there is, in this industry and a lot of, it’s largely volunteer driven. People have experimented, and they found different ways of trying to cope. And that has definitely made the problem better. So, I wouldn’t say that experimentation is bad, quite the contrary. Rapid prototyping, quickly putting something out into the world and learning from it, that’s a fantastic way to learn more and to move forward.

My point is, though, that I feel we’ve come to rely too much on that. There’s like, if you look at the start up space, the wisdom is now just to put something quickly into the market, and then if it doesn’t work, pivot and just do more stuff. What reframing really is, I think of it as the cognitive counterpoint to prototyping. So, this is really a way of seeing very quickly, like not just working on the solution, but also working on our understanding of the problem and trying to see is there a different way to think about that.

If you only stick with experimentation, again, you tend to sometimes stay too much in the same space trying minute variations of something instead of taking a step back and saying, wait a minute. What is this telling us about what the real issue is?

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, to go back to something that we touched on earlier, when we were talking about the completely hypothetical example of a spouse who does not clean the kitchen–

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Completely, completely hypothetical.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: Yes. For the record, my husband is a great kitchen cleaner.

You started asking me some questions that I could see immediately were helping me rethink that problem. Is that kind of the key, just having a checklist of questions to ask yourself? How do you really start to put this into practice?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: I think there are two steps in that. The first one is just to make yourself better at the method. Yes, you should kind of work with a checklist. In the article, I kind of outlined seven practices that you can use to do this.

But importantly, I would say you have to consider that as, basically, a set of training wheels. I think there’s a big, big danger in getting caught in a checklist. This is something I work with.

My co-author Paddy Miller, it’s one of his insights. That if you start giving people a checklist for things like this, they start following it. And that’s actually a problem, because what you really want them to do is start challenging their thinking.

So the way to handle this is to get some practice using it. Do use the checklist initially, but then try to step away from it and try to see if you can organically make– it’s almost a habit of mind. When you run into a colleague in the hallway and she has a problem and you have five minutes, like, delving in and just starting asking some of those questions and using your intuition to say, wait, how is she talking about this problem? And is there a question or two I can ask her about the problem that can help her rethink it?

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: Well, that is also just a very different approach, because I think in that situation, most of us can’t go 30 seconds without jumping in and offering solutions.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Very true. The drive toward solutions is very strong. And to be clear, I mean, there’s nothing wrong with that if the solutions work. So, many problems are just solved by oh, you know, oh, here’s the way to do that. Great.

But this is really a powerful method for those problems where either it’s something we’ve been banging our heads against tons of times without making progress, or when you need to come up with a really creative solution. When you’re facing a competitor with a much bigger budget, and you know, if you solve the same problem later, you’re not going to win. So, that basic idea of taking that approach to problems can often help you move forward in a different way than just like, oh, I have a solution.

I would say there’s also, there’s some interesting psychological stuff going on, right? Where you may have tried this, but if somebody tries to serve up a solution to a problem I have, I’m often resistant towards them. Kind if like, no, no, no, no, no, no. That solution is not going to work in my world. Whereas if you get them to discuss and analyze what the problem really is, you might actually dig something up.

Let’s go back to the kitchen example. One powerful question is just to say, what’s your own part in creating this problem? It’s very often, like, people, they describe problems as if it’s something that’s inflicted upon them from the external world, and they are innocent bystanders in that.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: Right, or crazy customers with unreasonable demands.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Exactly, right. I don’t think I’ve ever met an agency or consultancy that didn’t, like, gossip about their customers. Oh, my god, they’re horrible. That, you know, classic thing, why don’t they want to take more risk? Well, risk is bad.

It’s their business that’s on the line, not the consultancy’s, right? So, absolutely, that’s one of the things when you step into a different mindset and kind of, wait. Oh yeah, maybe I actually am part of creating this problem in a sense, as well. That tends to open some new doors for you to move forward, in a way, with stuff that you may have been struggling with for years.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, we’ve surfaced a couple of questions that are useful. I’m curious to know, what are some of the other questions that you find yourself asking in these situations, given that you have made this sort of mental habit that you do? What are the questions that people seem to find really useful?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: One easy one is just to ask if there are any positive exceptions to the problem. So, was there day where your kitchen was actually spotlessly clean? And then asking, what was different about that day? Like, what happened there that didn’t happen the other days? That can very often point people towards a factor that they hadn’t considered previously.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: We got take-out.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: S,o that is your solution. Take-out from [INAUDIBLE]. That might have other problems.

Another good question, and this is a little bit more high level. It’s actually more making an observation about labeling how that person thinks about the problem. And what I mean with that is, we have problem categories in our head. So, if I say, let’s say that you describe a problem to me and say, well, we have a really great product and are, it’s much better than our previous product, but people aren’t buying it. I think we need to put more marketing dollars into this.

Now you can go in and say, that’s interesting. This sounds like you’re thinking of this as a communications problem. Is there a different way of thinking about that? Because you can almost tell how, when the second you say communications, there are some ideas about how do you solve a communications problem. Typically with more communication.

And what you might do is go in and suggest, well, have you considered that it might be, say, an incentive problem? Are there incentives on behalf of the purchasing manager at your clients that are obstructing you? Might there be incentive issues with your own sales force that makes them want to sell the old product instead of the new one?

So literally, just identifying what type of problem does this person think about, and is there different potential way of thinking about it? Might it be an emotional problem, a timing problem, an expectations management problem? Thinking about what label of what type of problem that person is kind of thinking as it of.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: That’s really interesting, too, because I think so many of us get requests for advice that we’re really not qualified to give. So, maybe the next time that happens, instead of muddying my way through, I will just ask some of those questions that we talked about instead.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: That sounds like a good idea.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: So, Thomas, this has really helped me reframe the way I think about a couple of problems in my own life, and I’m just wondering. I know you do this professionally, but is there a problem in your life that thinking this way has helped you solve?

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: I’ve, of course, I’ve been swallowing my own medicine on this, too, and I think I have, well, maybe two different examples, and in one case somebody else did the reframing for me. But in one case, when I was younger, I often kind of struggled a little bit. I mean, this is my teenage years, kind of hanging out with my parents. I thought they were pretty annoying people. That’s not really fair, because they’re quite wonderful, but that’s what life is when you’re a teenager.

And one of the things that struck me, suddenly, and this was kind of the positive exception was, there was actually an evening where we really had a good time, and there wasn’t a conflict. And the core thing was, I wasn’t just seeing them in their old house where I grew up. It was, actually, we were at a restaurant. And it suddenly struck me that so much of the sometimes, kind of, a little bit, you love them but they’re annoying kind of dynamic, is tied to the place, is tied to the setting you are in.

And of course, if– you know, I live abroad now, if I visit my parents and I stay in my old bedroom, you know, my mother comes in and wants to wake me up in the morning. Stuff like that, right? And it just struck me so, so clearly that it’s– when I change this setting, if I go out and have dinner with them at a different place, that the dynamic, just that dynamic disappears.

SARAH GREEN CARMICHAEL: Well, Thomas, this has been really, really helpful. Thank you for talking with me today.

THOMAS WEDELL-WEDELLSBORG: Thank you, Sarah.

HANNAH BATES: That was Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg in conversation with Sarah Green Carmichael on the HBR IdeaCast. He’s an expert in problem solving and innovation, and he’s the author of the book, What’s Your Problem?: To Solve Your Toughest Problems, Change the Problems You Solve .

We’ll be back next Wednesday with another hand-picked conversation about leadership from the Harvard Business Review. If you found this episode helpful, share it with your friends and colleagues, and follow our show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you get your podcasts. While you’re there, be sure to leave us a review.

We’re a production of Harvard Business Review. If you want more podcasts, articles, case studies, books, and videos like this, find it all at HBR dot org.

This episode was produced by Anne Saini, and me, Hannah Bates. Ian Fox is our editor. Music by Coma Media. Special thanks to Maureen Hoch, Adi Ignatius, Karen Player, Ramsey Khabbaz, Nicole Smith, Anne Bartholomew, and you – our listener.

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Home » Blog » How do we nurture future innovators? Learn 10 ways to help children and teens develop problem-solving skills

How do we nurture future innovators? Learn 10 ways to help children and teens develop problem-solving skills

By Caroline Buzanko
ADHD , Goal setting , Problem-solving , Resilience , School Success , Skill development , study skills , Teenage

Equipping our children and teens with essential life skills that will serve them well throughout their journey is critical. In an ever-evolving world, our children and teens need to develop problem-solving skills, as this is a fundamental skill that empowers them to become adaptable, creative, and confident individuals.

Problem-solving skills are the ability to identify, analyze, and solve complex issues creatively and effectively. These skills empower students to think critically, make informed decisions, and adapt to various situations.

The Importance of Problem-Solving Skills

Problem-solving is a cognitive skill that goes beyond finding solutions; it involves analyzing situations, generating creative ideas, and implementing effective strategies. As children develop these skills, they build a strong foundation for future academic and professional success.

Problem-solving skills contribute to:

Critical Thinking: Children learn to evaluate situations, gather information, and make informed decisions. By considering various factors, weighing options, and assessing potential outcomes, problem-solving lays the foundation for effective decision-making in every aspect of their lives.

Confidence: Successfully solving problems boosts a child’s self-esteem and belief in their abilities.

Innovation: Problem solvers are natural innovators, constantly seeking new and improved ways of doing things.

Resilience: Facing and solving challenges cultivates resilience, preparing children for life’s ups and downs. Children develop resilience as they learn from setbacks, building confidence in their ability to find solutions and persist through challenges. Equipped with this mindset, kids become adaptable individuals who embrace change confidently.

Creative Thinking: Problem-solving ignites creativity and innovation in kids, encouraging them to think outside the box when faced with challenges. By exploring diverse solutions, they discover imaginative approaches to problem-solving that go beyond the conventional.

Independence: Problem-solving skills empower children to tackle obstacles independently, fostering a sense of self-reliance and autonomy. These skills also play a significant role in navigating social situations and promoting leadership qualities in children.

Effective Communication: Problem-solving skills go hand-in-hand with effective communication. Children learn to express their ideas, listen actively, and collaborate with others to find collective solutions. These communication skills are essential in both personal relationships and academic pursuits.

Strategies to Foster Problem-Solving Skills

Problem-solving skills not only enable kids to overcome challenges but also foster critical thinking, decision-making, and innovation. As parents and caregivers, we play a crucial role in nurturing these skills from an early age. Here are just a few practical strategies we can teach our young ones to approach problem-solving with confidence and creativity.

Provide a Problem-Solving Framework

Frameworks provide a systematic and supportive approach to teaching skills like problem-solving to children. Guide them through the process of identifying the core issue, understanding its components, and brainstorming potential solutions.

One example framework is the “POLCA” model – Problem, Options, Let’s Try, Check, and Act:

Step 1: Identify and Define the Problem: Encourage children to clearly identify the problem they are facing. Break down complex issues into manageable components, asking relevant questions to gain a deeper understanding of the situation.

Step 2 : Generate Different Options: Brainstorming potential solutions is a creative exercise that allows kids to explore various approaches to problem-solving. Facilitate role-playing scenarios to build confidence in their communication skills.

Step 3: Let’s Try – Implement the Solution: Guide children in planning their chosen solution and help them decide an appropriate time and place for action. Encourage active listening and reflection during and after the process.

Step 4: Check and Adapt: Reflect on the outcome of the chosen solution and, if necessary, explore alternative approaches. This step reinforces the idea that problem-solving is an ongoing learning process.

Develop Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is the foundation of problem-solving. We can foster this skill by engaging children in thought-provoking conversations. Ask open-ended questions that encourage them to think critically and consider multiple perspectives. Engage in debates that stimulate critical thinking and expand their cognitive abilities. Encourage them to explain their reasoning, supporting their ideas with evidence.

We also want to encourage our children to ask questions themselves analyze information from multiple perspectives and evaluate evidence before reaching conclusions.

Emphasize Creativity

Problem-solving often requires thinking outside the box and generating innovative solutions. Encourage creativity by providing opportunities for artistic expression, brainstorming sessions, and open-ended projects. Creativity stimulates the imagination and nurtures students’ ability to come up with novel ideas.

Learn from Mistakes

Mistakes are stepping stones to success. Create an environment where children feel safe to make mistakes without fear of judgment. Teach them that failures are opportunities to learn and improve. Encourage students to embrace mistakes as part of the problem-solving process.

Embracing mistakes is all part of a growth mindset – the belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed through effort and learning. Through the process of problem-solving, we encourage students to view challenges as opportunities to grow and learn, rather than as obstacles. Instead of fearing failure, teach them to view it as a stepping stone toward success.

Discuss famous inventors and innovators who faced numerous failures before achieving greatness, emphasizing that every setback is an opportunity to learn and grow. Praise their effort and perseverance in the face of difficulties, fostering a positive attitude towards problem-solving.

Provide Access to Resources

Offer a variety of resources, such as books, online materials, and hands-on activities, to support students’ problem-solving journey. Access to information and tools enables them to explore different avenues and gain a deeper understanding of the challenges they encounter.

Encourage Curiosity and Exploration

Nurturing problem-solving skills begins with fostering curiosity. Encourage kids to ask questions, explore their environment, and investigate their interests. Provide them with resources such as books, documentaries, and educational toys to spark their curiosity.

Encourage Collaborative Problem Solving

Collaborative problem-solving allows children to learn from each other and build on diverse ideas. Collaboration helps them develop empathy, respect for different viewpoints, and the ability to leverage collective intelligence. Group activities promote collaboration and teach kids to work together to solve problems. Engage them in puzzles, board games, or creative projects that require teamwork and communication.

Provide Real-World Challenges

Present children with age-appropriate real-world challenges, allowing them to see the practical applications of their problem-solving skills.. This could involve planning a family outing, organizing a small event, or finding ways to save energy at home. Whenever possible, present challenges that align with their interests and experiences.

Celebrate Problem-Solving Success

Recognize and celebrate students’ problem-solving successes, both big and small. Acknowledge their efforts, perseverance, and creativity. Positive reinforcement boosts their confidence and motivation to continue honing their problem-solving skills.

Practical Activities to Enhance Problem-Solving Skills

Puzzle Play

Puzzles, riddles, and brain teasers stimulate cognitive functions and logical reasoning. Engage kids in puzzle-solving activities that progressively challenge their problem-solving abilities.

Creative Storytelling

Encourage children to create their own stories, solving dilemmas the characters face. This activity fosters imaginative thinking and problem-solving through narrative.

Science Experiments

Simple science experiments at home allow kids to hypothesize, test, and analyze results. These hands-on activities promote critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Outdoor Adventures

Exploring nature presents children with real-life situations that require problem-solving. Hiking, camping, or scavenger hunts encourage kids to adapt to changing environments.

DIY Projects

Engage kids in do-it-yourself projects that involve planning, executing, and troubleshooting. Constructing a birdhouse or crafting a simple machine enhances practical problem-solving skills.

Equipping children with robust problem-solving skills is a gift that transcends childhood. By fostering curiosity, critical thinking, and a resilient mindset, we lay the foundation for their future success as innovative thinkers and confident problem solvers. With these skills, we empower them to embrace challenges confidently and create solutions that will shape their lives and the world around them. Let’s embark on this path together, nurturing the problem solvers of tomorrow.

Listen to Dr. Buzanko’s Overpowering Emotions podcast for additional ideas on building problem-solving skills (episode 97) for children and teens.

And, if you need help getting started, reach out to one of our experts and we can help your children develop strong problem-solving skills and resilience.

Koru Family Psychology is a family first practice focused on growth, strength and new beginnings. We provide a variety of psychological services to empower families to reclaim their confidence to effectively navigate life’s challenges and to enrich their quality of life.

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What Skills Does a Support Engineer Need?

Find the important skills for any job.

Types of Skills for Support Engineers

Technical proficiency and problem-solving, customer service and communication, adaptability and continuous learning, collaboration and teamwork, analytical skills and attention to detail, top hard skills for support engineers.

Equipping Support Engineers with robust problem-solving skills across networks, systems, and databases for top-tier technical assistance and user support.

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Empowering seamless service with empathy, communication mastery, and a relentless commitment to problem-solving and customer satisfaction.

Empathy and Emotional Intelligence
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Advanced technical proficiency, problem-solving and analytical thinking, exceptional customer service, continuous learning and adaptability, effective communication skills, security awareness.

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Master Emerging Technologies: Keep abreast of the latest technologies and tools that are transforming the support industry. Whether it's cloud computing, AI, or cybersecurity, understanding these areas can make you indispensable.
Advance Your Troubleshooting Techniques: Develop a systematic approach to problem-solving that can be applied to a wide range of issues, enhancing your efficiency and effectiveness in resolving customer problems.
Enhance Communication Skills: As a bridge between technical teams and customers, clear and empathetic communication is key. Work on conveying complex technical information in an understandable way.
Participate in Technical Communities: Join forums and groups such as Stack Overflow or GitHub to exchange knowledge, stay updated on best practices, and connect with other professionals.
Obtain Relevant Certifications: Validate your expertise and commitment to the field by earning certifications in areas like ITIL, CompTIA, or specific technologies pertinent to your role.
Embrace Automation: Learn how to implement and work with automation tools that can streamline support processes and free up your time for more complex tasks.
Practice Customer Service Excellence: Take courses or workshops focused on customer experience to refine your ability to handle inquiries with professionalism and care.
Build on Project Management Skills: Understanding the basics of project management can help you oversee technical issues from start to finish and improve cross-departmental collaboration.
Learn from Real-World Scenarios: Engage in case studies or real-life simulations to gain insights into effective support strategies and learn from the challenges others have faced.
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COMMENTS

The Simplex Process
The Simplex Process was created by management and creativity specialist Min Basadur, and was popularized in his 1995 book, " The Power of Innovation ." The process is made up of eight steps, grouped into three stages: Problem Formulation, Solution Formulation and Solution Implementation. It is a versatile tool that can be used in organizations ...
Implementing a Robust Problem Solving Process
Everyday Problem Solving. The TXM concern strips provide a forum for everyday highlighting and addressing issues that arise at the production cell level. The best training we can offer our operators is the skills to identify problems and come up with possible solutions. This helps to embed responsibility to the team for their own issues.
The CATWOE Checklist
Put simply, CATWOE is a mnemonic checklist for defining a problem. It derives from the work of systems engineering professor Peter Checkland, who developed the problem-solving Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) in the 1960s. SSM looks at the activities or business being examined as a system, and boils that system down to a "Root Definition.".
"Cracking the Code: A Guide to Developing Robust Problem-Solving Skills
Cracking the Code: Developing Robust Problem-Solving Skills in Data Science: Data science is a dynamic and ever-evolving field that demands not only technical expertise but also strong problem ...
Guide: 8D Problem Solving
8D Problem Solving is a systematic and structured approach used to solve business related problems. It names has been given by the fact there are 8 steps or 8 disciplines that are followed to identify, correct and eliminate recurring problems. 8D Problem Solving is regarded as robust methodology that has proven its worth across multiple ...
"Cracking the Code: A Guide to Developing Robust Problem-Solving Skills
Data science is a dynamic and ever-evolving field that demands not only technical expertise but also strong problem-solving skills. The ability to approach complex issues with a structured and… Open in app
How to Build a Team with Problem-Solving Skills
2 Define the problem. The first step to solving any problem is to define it clearly and accurately. You need to understand the root cause, the impact, and the desired outcome of the problem. To do ...
How to improve your problem solving skills and strategies
Ensuring that you plan for the roll-out of a solution is one of the most important problem solving steps. Without adequate planning or oversight, it can prove impossible to measure success or iterate further if the problem was not solved. 6. Solution implementation. This is what we were waiting for!
7 Problem-Solving Skills That Can Help You Be a More ...
Although problem-solving is a skill in its own right, a subset of seven skills can help make the process of problem-solving easier. These include analysis, communication, emotional intelligence, resilience, creativity, adaptability, and teamwork. 1. Analysis. As a manager, you'll solve each problem by assessing the situation first.
Why robust problem solving is more than a couple tools
No doubt about it in the lean world - structured problem solving is important. The less we fire-fight, the more we can focus on root cause analysis. The more people at all levels we involve in the process, the better off we are. The key ingredients of a solid problem solving process seem obvious - it has to be transparent, easy to ...
Problem-Solving Skills: Meaning, How to Improve & Problem-Solving
Moreover, leaders with robust problem-solving skills are better equipped to make strategic decisions. They manage teams and drive organisational growth. Problem-solving abilities play a pivotal role in academics and learning. It is an important skill we use to understand complex concepts. These skills enable students to analyze information.
Developing more robust problem solvers through diversity of course
We believe that the more learning styles students are exposed to through problem presentation and solution, the more robust their problem-solving skills will be, as they will readily be able to receive, perceive, process, and understand information presented or utilized in a variety of ways. This methodology is less concerned with students' own ...
How to Develop the Skills to Solve Complex Problems at Work
2 Research the problem. The next step is to gather as much information and data as possible about the problem. This means doing some research, such as: Reading relevant literature, reports, or ...
How to Improve Problem-Solving Skills: Mathematics and Critical
When they wonder about how to improve problem-solving skills or how to develop critical thinking skills in math, they can revert to this process, refining their approach with each new challenge. Making Math Fun and Relevant. At Wonder Math, we believe that the key to developing robust problem-solving skills lies in making math enjoyable and ...
6 Problem Solving Skills For Excellent Leaders
4. Data gathering. Data gathering is another important problem-solving skill to work on. Knowing how to gather both qualitative and quantitative data to solve problems is key, according to Brancu. "This involves taking the time to speak with critical stakeholders, and business data, and garnering other information to ensure that you are not ...
Assessing Problem Solving
Because a robust schema is essential to problem-solving transfer, the quality of a problem schema is predictive of problem-solving ability. In the remainder of this section, I describe alternative methods for assessing problem schemas. ... What has become obvious is the premise that in order to adequately assess problem-solving skills and ...
Problem Solving Skills Inspired by STEM Education
21. Dec. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education serves as a catalyst for developing competent problem solvers who are capable of tackling challenges in a variety of fields. The core principles of STEM education provide the foundation for developing robust problem-solving skills that transcend traditional boundaries.
Embracing Realistic Thinking: A Practical Guide to Empower Your
Understand that different viewpoints offer valuable insights and can lead to more robust problem-solving. Cultivate empathy and actively seek out diverse opinions, even if they challenge your own beliefs. ... Then, devise a plan to move forward, leveraging your problem-solving skills to find creative solutions. Adaptability: Your Superpower of ...
Soft Skills and AI: How to Approach This New Era?
Robust problem-solving skills and critical thinking and innovation empower AI professionals to devise novel solutions and effectively overcome hurdles. User Experience (UX) Design: AI applications need to be intuitive and user-friendly. Soft skills in UX design and user research assist AI teams in crafting interfaces and interactions that users ...
Empowering Students With Effective Decision-making Skills: A How-to Guide
Cultivating Robust Problem-Solving Activities. Helping students develop their problem-solving skills can equip them with the confidence to make informed decisions. Creative brainstorming and collaborative problem-solving are two techniques that can be used to help students come up with solutions.
Problem-solving skills: definitions and examples
Problem-solving skills are skills that enable people to handle unexpected situations or difficult challenges at work. Organisations need people who can accurately assess problems and come up with effective solutions. In this article, we explain what problem-solving skills are, provide some examples of these skills and outline how to improve them.
Do You Understand the Problem You're Trying to Solve?
Problem solving skills are invaluable in any job. But even the most experienced among us can fall into the trap of solving the wrong problem. Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg says that all too often, we ...
How do we nurture future innovators? Learn 10 ways to help children and
Equipping children with robust problem-solving skills is a gift that transcends childhood. By fostering curiosity, critical thinking, and a resilient mindset, we lay the foundation for their future success as innovative thinkers and confident problem solvers. With these skills, we empower them to embrace challenges confidently and create ...
Top Skills for Support Engineers in 2024 (+Most Underrated Skills)
A Support Engineer must not only possess a deep understanding of technical systems but also exhibit strong problem-solving abilities and exceptional communication skills. As we move closer to 2024, the demand for Support Engineers who can adeptly navigate the latest technological advancements and provide innovative solutions is at an all-time high.

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Table of Contents

How does 8D Compare to over Problem-Solving Methods?

The 8 Disciplines Explained

D1: Establish the Team

Team Composition

Communication

D2: Describe the Problem

5W1H Method of creating a Problem Definition

D3: Implement and Verify Interim Actions

D4: Root Cause Analysis

D5: Choose and Verify Permanent Corrective Actions

D6: Implement Permanent Corrective Actions

D7: Prevent Recurrence

D8: Congratulate the Team

Q: What is 8D problem solving?

Q: Why is it called "8D" problem solving?

Q: What are the eight disciplines (8D) in problem solving?

Q: What is the purpose of forming a team in the 8D problem-solving process?

Q: How is the root cause determined in the 8D problem-solving process?

Q: Can the 8D problem-solving methodology be applied to any type of problem?

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