• Top 10 Reasons to Choose SAP Integration Suite
  • How to create database tables in SAP HANA Cloud
  • Extending CDS View
  • Data Modeling in SAP HANA – Introduction
  • Use of Parameter in CDS View

SapInAMinute

CDS: UI Annotations – SearchdefaultSearchElement

Annotations enrich the CDS views but can be confusing as well. These series of blogs have my simplified explanation.

SearchdefaultSearchElement is used on top a column, so it can be used multiple times in a view. The possible values are true and false and the default value is true.

@Search.defaultSearchElement : true Or @Search.defaultSearchElement : false

Explanation: If you have used the annotation Search.searchable as true in your consumption, then you need to define the columns on which the generic filter will apply. Search.defaultSearchElement as true set the column on which the filter is applied. You can apply this annotation on more than one columns.

In this case, the general search will use field1 and field2 for filtering the data entered in the search bar. As evident from the example, this annotation should only be used with Search.searchable and in consumption view. This annotation can further be refined using the following annotations.

Search.ranking

Search.FuzzinessThreshold

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  • Change Classification data – BAPI_OBJCL_CHANGE

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SAP CDS Views - A Comprehensive Guide

August 14, 2023

Welcome to "SAP CDS Views- A Comprehensive Guide," your go-to resource for everything you need to know about SAP CDS views. If you're a developer , a business analyst, or an IT professional working with SAP systems, then you know the importance of data modelling and the role it plays in ensuring that data is structured in a way that supports business processes. That's where SAP CDS views come in.

In this blog, we'll take you on a journey through the world of SAP CDS views, starting with the basics and working our way up to advanced topics. We'll cover everything from SAP CDS views and how they work to how to create them, their key features, benefits, and much more. We'll also compare SAP CDS views to HANA views, so you can determine which one is right for your organization.

Our team at Abusiness Tech has years of experience working with SAP systems, and we understand the challenges that developers and IT professionals face when working with data modelling. That's why we created this comprehensive guide to SAP CDS views, to help you get up to speed quickly and easily.

Understanding SAP CDS Views

Understanding SAP CDS Views is the first step towards effectively utilizing this powerful data modelling tool. SAP CDS views provide a simplified way to define and consume data models in SAP systems, enabling developers and IT professionals to quickly and easily create views that support business processes.

In this section of our blog, we'll take a closer look at what SAP CDS views are, their key features, and the benefits of using them.

What are SAP CDS Views?

Direct access to the underlying tables of the SAP HANA database is made possible through Core Data Service (CDS) Views, which are virtual data models. With the advent of SAP's new programming model, SAP CDS Views were created. SAP CDS Views seek to move computation from the application server by pushing logic to the client side and database. SAP refers to this as "Code-to-Data" or "Code Pushdown." The "Code-to-Data" or "Code Pushdown "operation is carried out by an SAP CDS View.

Key Features of SAP CDS Views

Key features of SAP CDS Views include the ability to define views that access data from multiple tables, the use of annotations to provide additional information about the data model, and the ability to define associations between entities. Some of the key features of SAP CDS Views are:

  • Multi-table views : SAP CDS Views allow developers to define views that access data from multiple tables. This makes it easier to create complex data models that incorporate data from different sources.
  • Annotations : Annotations are a powerful feature of SAP CDS Views that allow developers to add metadata to the data model. Annotations provide additional information about the data, such as data types, field labels, and descriptions.
  • Associations : Associations allow developers to define relationships between entities in the data model. This makes it easier to navigate and query the data in the system.
  • Performance : SAP CDS Views provide excellent performance, as they can directly access SAP data without needing additional server-side code or services. This reduces latency and makes it easier to optimize database performance.
  • Flexibility : SAP CDS Views are highly customizable, allowing developers to define views that are tailored to their specific business needs. Developers with expertise in SQL can easily create CDS Views using SQL-like syntax.

Overall, SAP CDS Views are a powerful tool for businesses looking to optimize their database performance and streamline their development process. With their ability to define custom data models, provide high performance, and support multiple platforms, SAP CDS Views are valuable to any business's database and development toolkit.

Benefits of Using SAP CDS Views

The benefits of using SAP CDS Views are the following:

  • Like open SQL, CDS views can be used with any database that is supported by SAP and are database independent.
  • While CDS view allows for calculated fields, such as the addition of two fields at runtime, SE11 view does not.
  • Inner, outer, right outer, full, and cross joins are supported by CDS views.
  • Views for CDS offer automatic client management.
  • Open SQL is supported by CDS views, and we may call them from the application layer in the same manner we call any SE11 view.
  • The CDS viewpoints support the WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, and UNION clauses.
  • CDS views allow both numeric and aggregation functions.
  • Through CDS views, we may immediately obtain OData service.

The primary benefit of CDS views is that they offer an integrated data model for a variety of applications. They can serve as data sources for a variety of SAP applications, including SAP Fiori, S/4 HANA Embedded Analytics, BW/4 HANA, and others, as well as for other software, such PowerBI.

How to Create SAP CDS Views

Creating SAP CDS (Core Data Services) views involves defining the data model, which includes defining entities, fields, associations, and annotations.

Steps to create SAP CDS Views

  • Open your Eclipse where you have linked your SAP system.
  • Select New from the context menu of your package, then select Other ABAP Repository Object .

search help annotation in cds view

  • Search for Data Definition under Core Data Services and click on Next .

search help annotation in cds view

  • Enter the Name and the Definition of the Data definition and click on Next .

search help annotation in cds view

  • Select the default Transport number and click on Next .

search help annotation in cds view

  • Select the Define View Entity and Click on Finish . The CDS View has been created.

search help annotation in cds view

Defining Entities and Views

In SAP CDS (Core Data Services) Views, defining entities and views are two key concepts used for defining data models.

Defining entities are the building blocks of CDS views, which define the structure and data elements of a table or view. They represent a logical data structure that can be used as a data source for further modeling.

Views, on the other hand, are used to define a subset of data from one or more defining entities. Views are created by defining a SELECT statement on one or more entities, which is used to filter, group, and aggregate data.

To define the entities and views follow the below-mentioned steps:

  • Enter the SQL Name as Z_HDR_XXX. This is the header table view which contains the some information from the vbak table.
  • Add the Data Source as table VBAK. Enter a few characters, then use code completion (keyboard shortcut CTRL+SPACE), to get suggestions for the data source.
  • Click the SELECT list to activate code completion, then double-click the entry labelled " Insert all elements - template " to complete the action. The SELECT list contains all the components (fields and relationships) of the underlying data source.

search help annotation in cds view

  • The name given to the view that will be created in the database in SQL is its internal/technical name. The CDS view with expanded ABAP view-building capabilities is known as zentity. In all of your ABAP applications, you must utilise the CDS view name.
  • Duplicate the current CDS View and create another view. This view will contain all the items which we will select from the abap table (vbap). In this we have the SQL View name as Z_IMS.

search help annotation in cds view

Adding Annotations and Associations

In SAP CDS (Core Data Services) Views, annotations and associations are used to provide additional information about the data model and the relationships between entities.

Annotations are metadata that provide additional information about the elements of a CDS view, such as fields, entities, or views. Annotations can be used to describe the semantics of the data elements, define constraints, specify default values, or provide documentation.

Associations, on the other hand, define the relationships between two or more entities in a CDS view. Associations can be used to define the cardinality (one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many) and navigation properties between entities. They can also be used to define foreign key relationships between entities, which can improve performance and data consistency.

To add the annotation and association in the CDS view follow the below -mentioned steps:

  • In the CDS View, the defined SQL View or the "Endusertext.label" are defined because of the annotations. Each view is started with some annotation. For example, @AbapCatalog.sqlViewName:’Z_IMS’, or @EndUserText.label ‘Item Details’. These all are annotations.

search help annotation in cds view

  • In SAP CDS Views, Associations outline the connections between various entities. A source entity is given an element with an association type that points to a target entity, together with optional metadata describing cardinality and the keys to utilise, to specify associations. Both controlled and unmanaged associations are supported by CDS.
  • Right click on cds package and create a new view. Follow the same steps as we have created for the first view, Just in templates select the Define View with Association and click on Finish.

search help annotation in cds view

  • Define the SQL View name and join the two cds views which we have created earlier. The common point of joining between the two cds views are the vbeln field which is common in the header as well as the items views.

search help annotation in cds view

  • Activate your all three views and see the data preview. After activating the Association view, right click on the screen and select the Open with > Data Preview . You will see the data in the table form.

search help annotation in cds view

  • If you will right click on the screen and select the follow association, you will see the list of associations, select the association and you will see the data preview on the basis of association.

search help annotation in cds view

SAP CDS Views vs. HANA Views

SAP CDS Views and HANA Views are two different approaches to defining database views in the SAP system. SAP CDS Views are defined using Core Data Services (CDS), a data modelling tool introduced by SAP. Whereas HANA Views are defined using SAP HANA Studio, which is a development environment for creating applications on the SAP HANA platform.

SAP CDS (Core Data Services) Views and HANA Views are used to model data in SAP HANA. However, there are some differences between the two.

Differences between SAP CDS Views and HANA Views

The difference between SAP CDS Views and HANA Views are mentioned below:

Pros and Cons of SAP CDS Views

The Pros of SAP CDS Views are:

  • Annotations : CDS Views supports annotations that provide additional information about the data model, such as semantics, authorizations, and UI properties. This allows for better integration with other SAP services and applications.
  • Performance : CDS Views are optimized for performance, with the ability to handle large datasets efficiently. CDS Views allow for better real-time data analysis and business reporting response times, making it a popular choice among SAP users.
  • Easy to Define : Defining a view using CDS is a straightforward process requiring minimal expertise in the underlying database. The syntax is similar to SQL, making it easy for developers to learn and adapt to.
  • Integration with ABAP Projects : CDS Views can be integrated into an ABAP project, making it easier for developers to manage their code and data models in a single system. It also provides a familiar development environment for ABAP developers.
  • Flexibility : CDS Views can be used to define views over tables, other CDS entities, or SQL views, allowing for greater flexibility in data modelling.

The Cons of SAP CDS Views are:

  • Expertise : While CDS Views are easy to define and use, some expertise in the underlying database and data modelling is required for optimal results. Developers need to have a good understanding of SQL and SAP data models to take full advantage of the feature.
  • Complexity : CDS Views can become complex, especially when dealing with large data sets and complex data models. This requires careful planning and design to ensure optimal performance.
  • Dependencies : CDS Views may depend on other objects, such as tables or CDS entities. This can lead to issues with version control and maintenance.
  • DDL Source Code : Unlike SQL Views, CDS Views require DDL source code, making them more challenging to manage and maintain.
  • Eclipse Tool : CDS Views are created and managed using Eclipse, which may not be familiar to all developers. This can result in a learning curve and may require additional training.

Pros and Cons of HANA Views

The Pros of HANA Views are:

  • Performance : HANA Views are optimized for performance, with the ability to handle large datasets efficiently. HANA Views allow for better response times in real-time data analysis and business reporting, making it a popular choice among SAP users.
  • Flexibility : HANA Views can be used to define views over tables, other HANA views, or external data sources, allowing for greater flexibility in data modelling.
  • Complex Calculations : HANA Views enable complex calculations and business logic to be implemented, making creating meaningful insights and reports easier.
  • Integration with SAP Services : HANA Views can be easily integrated with other SAP services, such as SAP Business Objects or SAP Lumira, making it easier to generate reports and dashboards.
  • Graphical Modelling : HANA Views offer a graphical modelling tool, which allows developers to define views and relationships between data sources in a visual way.

Cons of HANA Views are:

  • Expertise : While HANA Views offer improved performance and scalability, they require a high level of expertise in SAP HANA database and data modeling. Developers need to understand SQL and HANA data models to take full advantage of the feature.
  • Complexity : HANA Views can become complex, especially when dealing with large data sets and complex data models. This requires careful planning and design to ensure optimal performance.
  • DDL Source Code : HANA Views require DDL source code, making them more challenging to manage and maintain than traditional SQL Views.
  • Dependencies : HANA Views may depend on other objects, such as tables or other HANA views. This can lead to issues with version control and maintenance.
  • Limited Compatibility : HANA Views are only compatible with SAP HANA database, which can limit their usefulness for businesses that use other databases.

Need help with SAP CDS Views?

If someone needs help with SAP CDS Views, Abusinesstech can provide expert SAP integration consultancy services. Our team of experienced SAP consultants has in-depth knowledge and expertise in SAP CDS Views and can help clients design and develop optimized CDS Views that meet their business needs. We can help clients with the entire development process, from defining views to creating DDL sources and testing. We focus on delivering high-quality, customized solutions to help our clients achieve their business goals. With Abusinesstech, clients can be assured of reliable and efficient SAP CDS View development services.

Abusinesstech

Abusinesstech is an SAP Integration Experts for Cloud, On-Premises, and Hybrid systems. Here at ABUSINESS, we have repeated the success stories for several Fortune 500 companies.

We are an SAP silver partner specializing in managed services for optimizing and maximizing the value of SAP Integration application portfolios. With 34 implementations under our belt, we have developed a powerful solution that can revolutionize the way businesses operate. Our DOST Add-on®️ tool is designed for IT professionals who need to deliver projects on time and with minimal risk. It simplifies the process of managing SAP Integrations, whether it involves implementing SAP S/4HANA, C/4HANA, creating interfaces with SuccessFactors/ADP, or providing support for SAP CPI. Working with us means access to cutting-edge technology and expertise to drive business success.

We Specialize in SAP Cloud, On-Premises, Hybrid SuccessFactors , and S/4HANA Integrations with Subject Matter Expertise in SAP BTP , Integration Suite , CPI, API Management, and Process Orchestration.

Within the SAP industry, we provide a full range of services.

Our core offerings include: SAP Integration Development (Done-for-you), SAP Integration Upgrades/Migrations , SAP Integration Audits , SAP Integration Testing , SAP Integration Ongoing Maintenance and Support+ Consulting Integration Advisory.

Why work with us

There are several reasons why someone should work with Abusiness for their SAP integration needs. Firstly, Abusiness is a specialized SAP consultancy with a proven track record of delivering high-quality SAP integration services to clients. Our experienced SAP consultants have extensive knowledge and expertise in SAP Integration, including SAP CDS Views. We offer customized solutions that are tailored to meet the specific needs of our clients, ensuring that they receive the best possible outcomes. Additionally, our commitment to delivering exceptional customer service means that clients can expect timely and responsive communication throughout the entire engagement. Overall, working with Abusiness ensures a smooth and successful SAP integration experience.

What are SAP CDS Views and how do they work?

SAP Core Data Service (CDS) Views, which are virtual data models, enable direct access to the SAP HANA database's underlying tables. The creation of SAP CDS Views coincided with the introduction of SAP's new programming methodology. SAP CDS Views aim to shift computation away from the application server by pushing functionality to the client side and database.

How do I create SAP CDS Views?

  • Open the ABAP Development Tools (ADT) in Eclipse.
  • Create a new package in the ABAP repository where you want to store your CDS view.
  • Right-click on the package and select "New" > "Other ABAP Repository Object".
  • In the "New ABAP Repository Object" dialog, select "Core Data Services" under "Data Definitions" and click "Next".
  • Enter a name and description for your CDS view, and select the package where you want to create it. Click "Next".
  • In the "CDS View Definition" dialog, you can define the entities, fields, and relationships that you want to include in your CDS view.
  • Add the necessary annotations to the CDS view definition to specify the properties of the view, such as data type, length, and key fields.

What are the benefits of using SAP CDS Views over HANA Views?

Using SAP CDS views has several benefits over using HANA views, including:

  • Compatibility: SAP CDS views are compatible with various databases, not just SAP HANA, making them more flexible and easier to implement in different environments.
  • Reusability: SAP CDS views can be reused across different applications, making them more efficient and cost-effective than HANA views.
  • Performance: SAP CDS views perform better than HANA views as they are optimized for data processing in the ABAP layer.
  • ABAP Integration: SAP CDS views can be easily integrated with ABAP development tools, making them more user-friendly and accessible for ABAP developers.
  • Annotation-based: SAP CDS views are annotation-based, meaning that developers can define properties and relationships using annotations, which makes them easier to understand and maintain.
  • Easy to Learn: Learning SAP CDS views is easier and requires less expertise than HANA views, as it leverages existing ABAP development skills.

What are the key features of SAP CDS Views?

SAP CDS Views is a powerful tool that offers several key features, including:

  • Annotation-based definition: SAP CDS Views uses annotations to define properties, associations, and relationships, making it easy to read and understand.
  • Data modeling: It supports data modeling concepts such as entities, associations, and inheritance, allowing developers to build complex data models with ease.
  • Performance optimization: SAP CDS Views is optimized for performance, providing fast and efficient data processing, especially when used with SAP HANA.
  • ABAP integration: It can be easily integrated with ABAP development tools, making it easy to use for ABAP developers.
  • SQL view support: SAP CDS Views support SQL view, allowing developers to use SQL to query data from the view.
  • Reusability: Developers can reuse SAP CDS Views across different applications and systems, reducing development time and cost.

What is the performance of SAP CDS Views compared to HANA Views?

SAP CDS views are optimized for data processing in the ABAP layer, making them faster and more efficient than HANA views. This is because CDS views are processed within the ABAP stack, while HANA views are processed within the database layer. Additionally, SAP CDS views leverage the power of SAP's core data services and annotations to provide efficient data modeling, resulting in faster query execution times. Overall, SAP CDS views offer better performance compared to HANA views, making them a preferred choice for developers who want to optimize data processing in SAP applications.

Related articles: - Impact of SAP Integration Suite in Modern Business

- SAP DevOps : Empowering Modern Business with Abusiness Tech

- What is an SAP Developer ?

- Understanding and Navigating SAP Audit Services

search help annotation in cds view

About the Author

Jaspreet is an Executive Consultant with expertise in SAP, SaaS/Cloud Integrations, Cyber Security and Data Science. Jaspreet is hands-On Architect who does Pre-Sales, Solution Architecture, Development, Lead Delivery of Complex Integration programs, Manage disperse teams and Ensure successful Project Go-Live/Goals. He has made a lasting impact on global businesses IT projects including Aflac, Advanced Energy, Donnelley Financial Solutions(DFIN), Dell EMC and many more.

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Enhance an ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) View in ABAP On-Premise

  • How to add value help using a filter
  • How to add textual information using associations
  • How to concatenate two elements, using a built-in function for CDS
  • How to convert currencies using a built-in function for CDS
  • How to use grouping and aggregation
  • How to create an object page
  • How to create a parent-child hierarchy in your business object
  • How to add a CASE statement

julieplummer20

Prerequisites

Tutorial : Create an ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) View in ABAP On-Premise

You can then use some of these features in productive development to make your applications more powerful and more user-friendly. By the end of this tutorial, your application should look like this.

fep-final-enhance

You can see the code at the end of this tutorial. Throughout the tutorial, objects name include a suffix, such as XXX . Always replace this with your group number or initials.

To make the input fields more useful, you will now add input value help to the field AgencyID .

Specify the source of the value help. This works a bit like a join: You need to point to an entity, and field common to both the entity and your CDS view. In this case, you will point to AgencyID in the CDS entity /DMO/I_Agency . Add the following annotation to your field AgencyID .

You also need to expose this second entity in the OData service. To do this, add the entity /DMO/I_Agency to your service definition, so the complete definition looks like this:

Format, save, and activate both CDS view and service definition ( Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+3 ).

Refresh your Fiori Elements preview and choose value help for the input field AgencyID .

step13a-choose-value-help

Now the value help appears. Enter the country key DE and choose Go . Only German agencies appear on the list.

step13b-german-agencies

Repeat this step for CustomerID :

Also, expose this entity in the service definition:

Next, you will make the Agency field more readable by adding the agency name to the ID, using a text association. CDS associations are simply specifications of joins, always in the same place in the syntax. The main advantage of an association is reuse: Once you have specified an association once, you can conveniently string several associations together in a path. In this case, however, you will use a simple association.

For more information, see: - ABAP Keyword Documentation: CDS - Associations

Add the following statement to your CDS view, Z_I_TRAVEL_R_XXX , just before the list of fields. The first statement creates an association from the source CDS entity Z_I_TRAVEL_R_XXX to the target CDS entity /DMO/I_Agency , joined on the field AgencyID . The source entity is represented by the alias $projection , because you cannot use the original name in a path statement. The target entity is represented by its alias name _Agency .

step14a-add-association

Now add the following annotation to the field AgencyID :

Check that the association is included in the field list. (This should have been done automatically when you inserted the signature of /DMO/I_TRAVEL_U .)

step14b-association-added

Format, save, and activate ( Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F3 ).

Make sure that the entity /DMO/I_Agency has been added to your service definition. (You should have done this in step 1.)

step2a-sd-added

Refresh your Fiori Elements preview. The agency name should now be shown, with the ID number in parentheses.

step14c-fep-agency-by-name

Repeat for the fields CustomerID and Currency_Code :

Also make sure these associations are added to the list of fields:

step2b-associations-added

ABAP has many built-in SQL functions for both numeric and string fields.

For more information on these functions, see : ABAP Keyword Documentation: SQL Functions .

You will use a simple one to easily merge two fields. The two fields are provided by the association _Customer .

Check that you have added the following association.

Ensure there is a comma after CustomerID , then add the function concat_with_space using auto-complete ( Ctrl+Space ); then add the alias as Addressee and end with a comma .

step15a-concat

Also make sure this association is added to the list of fields:

Format, save, and activate these objects using Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F3 .

Check the result in the data preview, by clicking in the editor and choosing Open With > Data Preview from the context menu. The result should look like this. If not, make sure that you have selected the Addressee field in Settings .

step3-settings-addressee

Now you have the addressee, you may want to comment out the text association for CustomerID .

It would be nice to find out how much money each Agency has received in total. To do this, you first need to convert all the sums paid to one currency. To do this, you will again use a built-in function. For more information, see the ABAP Keyword Documentation: ABAP CDS - Conversion Functions for Units and Currencies

You need to cast the character value 'USD' to the correct type and length, abap.cuky( 5 ) .

You may get a warning: “Reference information missing…”. Ignore this.

  • Format, save, and activate ( Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+3 )

If you check the result in the data preview, it should look like this.

step16a-currency-conversion

If you check it in Fiori Elements preview, it should look like this. You may want to filter for a specific currency, e.g. Singapore Dollars (SGD).

step16b-convert-to-dollars

Add the following annotation to the element total_price , using Auto-complete (** Ctrl+Space **):

By using Auto-complete, you can see the various possibilities for aggregation, e.g. AVG , COUNT, SUM. In this case, we aggregate the SUM payable to each company.

Format, save, and activate ( Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+3 ).

  • Refresh your Fiori Elements preview. You may notice that a different grid control is used.

step7a-test-grouping

This groups and aggregates the entries (Travels) by Agency ID. You can also see the sum of all travels for each agency, in US dollars.

step7b-group-by-AgencyID

Now, right-click on the Customer ID header and again choose Group. This displays a two-step grouping. You can browse and expand the companies and browse / expand the associated sales orders.

step7c-group-by-custid

The grouping will be gone each time you refresh the application. To avoid this, add the following annotation to the metadata extension definition on view level (at the top):

The code for your CDS entity should look like this:

In the currency conversion function, how can you change the setting of error handling so that, if there is an error, an exception is thrown. Use the ABAP Keyword Documentation for reference.

  • KEEP_UNCONVERTED
  • THROW_EXCEPTION
  • FAIL_ON_ERROR

At the moment, your application is a simple list. It would be nice to click on a row, i.e. a travel, and get more details in a separate page, known as an object page. Later you can add details from other CDS entities using associations. For more information on object pages, see SAP Help Portal: Defining UI Annotations

First add the page itself. Go to your metadata extension and add the following annotation, just after the opening curly bracket:

step6a-add-ui-facet

You then specify which elements you want to include in the object page. Since the facet type is #IDENTIFICATION_REFERENCE , you use the identification annotation, so that the complete annotation plus element now looks like this:

Add the following to the other elements, so that your metadata extension looks like this:

Finally, add a header to your object page, just after the layer annotation (before the annotate view... statement):

step6c-header

Test your object page in the Fiori Elements preview. It should look roughly like this:

step6b-fep-preview-object-page

You will now add more information to the object page by creating: - A CDS entity for bookings - Adding a second UI facet to the travel metadata extension

You will also create a parent-child hierarchy for these two entities. Your business object will then consist of a tree of nodes linked by a special associations known as a composition. For more information on this relationship, see Defining the Data Model in CDS Views , particularly the first two sections, Travel Root View /DMO/I_Travel_U and Booking View /DMO/I_Booking_U .

In the Package Explorer, select Data Definition , then choose New Data Definition from the context menu.

step7a-new-cds

Enter the following:

  • Name = Z_I_BOOKING_XXX
  • Description = Consumption view from /DMO/I_BOOKING_U
  • Referenced Object = /DMO/I_BOOKING_U

Choose the same transport request, then choose Next . Do not choose Finish.

Finally, choose Use template then choose Define view entity with To-Parent Association . Then choose Finish .

Your CDS entity appears in a new editor. We will fix the errors now.

Change the @AccessControl.authorizationCheck: to #NOT_REQUIRED .

Add the following to Z_I_BOOKING_XXX , using Auto-complete ( Ctrl+Space ). Then Save , but DO NOT yet activate your entity .

Change Z_I_TRAVEL_R_XXX to a root view entity and add the composition association as follows. Again, Save , but DO NOT yet activate your entity .

Now, choose Activate All (Shift+Ctrl+F3) .

Link text e.g., Destination screen

Choose Deselect All , then choose your two entities Z_I_TRAVEL_R_XXX and Z_I_BOOKING_XXX , then choose Activate .

Link text e.g., Destination screen

Add an alias to the define view statement, so that your code looks like this:

Format, save, and activate the CDS entity (** Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F3 **) Z_I_BOOKING_XXX .

Add semantic annotations as follows:

Format, save, and activate the CDS entity (** Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F3 **).

First, allow metadata extensions to Z_I_BOOKING_XXX by adding the following annotation just after the @EndUserText.label: 'Consumption view from /DMO/I_BOOKING_U' annotation:

In the Package Explorer, select the CDS entity Z_I_BOOKING_XXX , then choose New Metadata Extension from the context menu.

Enter a name ZMDE_I_BOOKING_XXX and description Metadata for Z_I_BOOKING_XXX ; select the transport request and choose Finish .,

In the editor, enter the following code:

Format, save, and activate the metadata extension (** Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F3 **).

Add the entity Z_I_BOOKING_XXX to the service definition Z_EXPOSE_travel_XXX with the alias Booking :

Format, save, and activate (** Shift+F1, Ctrl+S, Ctrl+F3 **).

Check the service binding. It should now include a to_Booking association, like this. If not, try choosing Unpublish , then Publish again.

step10a-sb-w-booking-association

In metadata extension Z_TRAVEL_METADATA_XXX , before the square bracket, insert a comma after the Travel facet, then insert the Booking facet to the Travel metadata extension, so that your code looks like this:

step9a-add-facet-booking

Now, in the metadata extension ZMDE_I_BOOKING_XXX , specify which fields from Booking you want to include in the object page, again using an identification annotation as follows:

step9b-fep-booking-facet

You can also display information from another entity using an association.

In the CDS entity Z_I_BOOKING_XXX , add an association from Booking to Connection.

You may get a warning. If so, choose Problem Description ; you will see that this warning can be hidden, by adding the following pseudo-comment:

Now add the following two elements to the CDS entity Z_I_BOOKING_XXX :

Add the following to your service definition, Z_EXPOSE_TRAVEL_R_XXX .

Optional: Test your Fiori Elements preview again. It should look like this:

step12a-fep-plus-connection

If not, make sure that you have selected the field Flight Distance from Settings .

  • Add the following code, immediately after the element DistanceUnit : CDS Copy case when _Connection.Distance >= 2000 then 'long-haul flight' when _Connection.Distance >= 1000 and _Connection.Distance < 2000 then 'medium-haul flight' when _Connection.Distance < 1000 then 'short-haul flight' else 'error' end as Flight_type,

step13b-add-where-clause

Format, save, and activate the CDS entity.

Test your Fiori Elements preview again. It should look like this:

Blog post: From Open SQL Joins to CDS Associations

SAP Help Portal: Defining UI Annotations

SAP Help Portal: Defining CDS Annotations for Metadata-Driven UIs

Troubleshooting: Blog post: Find Errors in Metadata Extensions, by Andre Fischer

Troubleshooting: Blog post: Use the SAP Gateway Error Log in ADT, by Andre Fischer

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Metadata Extensions for CDS Views

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CDS metadata extensions are transportable development objects of technical type DDLX.

In principle, CDS metadata extensions allow you to enrich and override the existing active annotations of a CDS model, which supports metadata extensions. There may potentially be a plurality of CDS metadata extensions for a single CDS entity.

CDS metadata extensions are organized in layers. They overlay one another according to the layer that they are assigned to. The table below gives you an overview of the overlaying relationships between the layers.

Layers of CDS Metadata Extensions

For example, CDS metadata extensions of layer PARTNER overlay all CDS metadata extensions of layer INDUSTRY. This applies to all CDS metadata extensions of subordinated layers LOCALIZATION and CORE of layer INDUSTRY too. Within the same layer, the overlay order of CDS metadata extensions isn’t defined and therefore isn’t guaranteed.

Improve Readability: Transferring annotations into CDS metadata extensions can help make your CDS models easier to read. However, make sure that you avoid unnecessary overlays and nontransparent distributions of relocated annotations.

If you want to use CDS metadata extensions, avoid distributing annotations of the same domain over multiple CDS metadata extensions of the same layer. Instead, you should move, for example, all UI annotations of a CDS model to the same metadata extension.

You can create CDS metadata extensions in the same way as other CDS models in the ADT environment. To do this, choose File > New > Other… > ABAP > Core Data Services > Metadata Extension .

Names of CDS metadata extensions are defined in their own namespace, which means their names can, in principle, match the names of the annotated CDS models.

Naming CDS Metadata Extensions: Adapt the name of your CDS metadata extension to the name of the annotated CDS model for establishing a corresponding relationship based on the chosen naming. However, you should always use your customer namespace, such as a suitable prefix for preventing naming conflicts with CDS metadata extensions delivered by SAP.

In the source code of the CDS metadata extension, you first specify the layer that the CDS metadata extension will be assigned to via annotation @Metadata.layer. Then, you name the CDS view whose annotations are to be changed after the introductory key words annotate view. Afterward, you can start entering annotations for the specified CDS view at the header and detail level.

Below shows an example of CDS view ZC_SalesOrderItem, which will be equipped with annotations from a CDS metadata extension. It therefore has annotation @Metadata.allowExtensions:true.

@Metadata.allowExtensions: true

define view entity ZC_SalesOrderItem

   as select from ZI_SalesOrderItem

       @EndUserText.label: 'Sales Order'

   key SalesOrder,

   key SalesOrderItem,

       Product

Below shows an example of the CDS metadata extension of this CDS view.

@Metadata.layer: #CUSTOMER

annotate view ZC_SalesOrderItem with

   @UI.lineItem: [{importance: #HIGH}]

   SalesOrder;

   SalesOrderItem;

This CDS metadata extension is assigned to the customer layer by means of Example analysis annotation @Metadata.layer:#CUSTOMER.

Choose Layer Assignment: If you want to annotate SAP-delivered CDS view models in your customer system, you should assign your CDS metadata extensions to layer CUSTOMER. Layer PARTNER is intended for corresponding enhancements by partners. When defining metadata extensions for your own models, you can choose layer CORE.

In the illustrated CDS metadata extension, key fields SalesOrder and SalesOrderItem of CDS view ZC_SalesOrderItem are enriched with annotation @UI.lineItem:[{importance:#HIGH}]. This annotation marks the annotated fields as particularly important when showing the data of the CDS view in a tabular display. If possible, the corresponding columns should still be displayed, even if there isn’t sufficient space for displaying all the columns of the table.

The other annotations of CDS view ZC_SalesOrderItem remain active because they aren’t explicitly overlaid by corresponding annotations of the CDS metadata extension. For example, field SalesOrder retains its active annotation @EndUserText.label:'Sales Order'.

CDS metadata extensions are only allowed to annotate such CDS views that have been prepared explicitly for them. These CDS models have annotation @Metadata.allowExtensions:true. You can’t define CDS metadata extensions for other CDS views.

In general, only a subset of all the specified annotations can be used in CDS metadata extensions. Those annotations won’t require any ABAP Data Dictionary activation. As an example, annotations of domain UI, which incorporate controlling information for the presentation and interaction options of UIs, are allowed to be used in metadata extensions.

Identify Permitted Annotations: The annotation definition specifies whether an annotation may be used in CDS metadata extensions. The annotations admissible to be used in CDS metadata extensions are annotated with @MetadataExtension.usageAllowed: true.

If you define metadata extensions for CDS models that you’re not responsible for, you should always carefully evaluate their effect and dependencies, especially if you change the metadata of CDS models delivered by SAP.

Changing SAP-Delivered CDS Models: You always have to evaluate the effects of changing the metadata of SAP-delivered CDS models carefully. Even though from a technical perspective, you may change the annotations of SAP-delivered CDS models without formally applying modifications by leveraging CDS metadata extensions, the applied changes can result in severe functional issues in the application logic. Due to the inheritance mechanism, this may hold true even for application logic that doesn’t directly consume the annotated CDS model but consumes models derived from the CDS model.

In addition, even if an SAP-delivered CDS model was enabled for metadata extensions, there is no guarantee of the lifecycle stability of the corresponding extensions. In other words, the annotated CDS model might be changed in an incompatible way or even be deleted, requiring adaptions of existing metadata extensions.

If in doubt, avoid defining metadata extensions for SAP-delivered CDS models. Instead, define your own CDS models.

Editor’s note: This post has been adapted from a section of the book Core Data Services for ABAP by Renzo Colle, Ralf Dentzer, and Jan Hrastnik.

Recommendation

Core Data Services for ABAP

If you’re developing ABAP applications, you need CDS expertise. This book is your all-in-one guide, updated for SAP S/4HANA 2023! Start by learning to create and edit CDS views. Walk through CDS syntax and see how to define associations and annotations. Further refine your model by implementing access controls, service bindings, and table functions. Understand the CDS-based virtual data model, and then follow step-by-step instructions to model analytical and transactional applications. From modeling to testing to troubleshooting, this is the only book you need!

SAP PRESS is the world's leading SAP publisher, with books on ABAP, SAP S/4HANA, SAP CX, intelligent technologies, SAP Business Technology Platform, and more!

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Working with CDS View

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

  • Analyze a CDS view definition
  • Read data using a CDS view

CDS View Analysis

View definitions in abap core data services (abap cds).

ABAP Code Data Services, or ABAP CDS for short, is an infrastructure for defining and consuming semantically rich data models in ABAP. They use a CDS DDL to define CDS entities that implement a semantic data model. The most important CDS modeling entities are CDS View entities.

search help annotation in cds view

The CDS View definition contains re-usable SQL logic; sometimes as simple as a projection of table fields and sometimes more sophisticated with calculations, aggregations, joins, unions, and so on.

A CDS View definition can contain associations to reflect the relations of the data model. Consumers of the view can use the associations to retrieve related data.

Finally, annotations are used to semantically enrich the view definition. This metadata is evaluated by frameworks that build on top of CDS View definitions. One such framework is the ABAP RESTful Application programming model (ABAP RAP), for which we will discuss an example later in this course.

Let's watch examples of CDS view definitions.

search help annotation in cds view

You already learned how to use the Data Preview tool to display and analyze the content of a database table. This tool is also available for CDS view entities.

To open the Data Preview for a given CDS entity, right-click anywhere in the data definition and choose Open With > Data Preview. Alternatively, place the cursor anywhere in the database table definition and press Ctrl + F8.

The tool displays the data returned by the CDS entity. The same functions are available to sort or filter the data and adjust the display.

If the view definition contains one or more associations, you can use them to display related data. To do so, proceed in the following manner:

  • Right-click on a row in the display.
  • From the context menu, choose Follow Association .
  • From the list of available associations, choose the one in which you are interested.

search help annotation in cds view

If you want to find all CDS Views with a certain database table as a source, you can utilize the Where-used List tool of ADT. To use this tool, proceed as follows:

  • Open the definition of the database table.
  • Right-click anywhere in the source code and choose Get Where-used List from the context menu. Alternatively, you can press Ctrl + Shift + G, or choose the button from the toolbar with the same symbol.
  • The Search view displays a list of all development objects that directly use the database table.

search help annotation in cds view

You can apply filters to the Where-used List if, for example, you are only interested in objects from certain packages or objects of the specific object type. The example illustrates how to filter for CDS views that use the table.

How to Analyze a CDS View

Data reading using a cds view.

search help annotation in cds view

When you implement a SELECT statement in ABAP, you can use a CDS view entity as the data source instead of reading from the database table directly. This has several advantages.

  • Re-use of the SQL logic contained in the CDS view
  • Concise, easy-to-read reading of related data using the associations
  • Sometimes the names of views and view elements are better readable than the more technical names of database tables and table fields

The SELECT statement in the example uses CDS view entity /DMO/I_Connection as a data source.

The third element in the FIELDS clause makes use of exposed association _Airline. It reads element name from the associated CDS view entity /DMO/I_Airline. This kind of element is called a path expression. The backslash (\) is a mandatory prefix for association names.

Analyze and Use a CDS View Entity

Task 1: preparation.

If you finished the previous exercise Use Private Attributes and Constructors , create a copy of your global class ZCL_##_CONSTRUCTORS , and name the copy ZCL_##_CDS , where ## is your group number. Then skip the rest of this task.

In the Project Explorer view on the left, expand your package.

Expand node Source Code Library → Classes

Right-click the name of the class you want to copy and choose Duplicate .

In the Name field, enter the name ZCL_##_CDS , where ## is your group number.

Choose Next .

Select your transport request and choose Finish .

If you did not finish the previous exercise, create a new global class ZCL_##_CDS , where ## is your group number. Ensure that the class implements the interface IF_OO_ADT_CLASSRUN .

Choose File → New → ABAP Class .

Enter the name of your package in the Package field. In the Name field, enter the name ZCL_##_CDS , where ## is your group number. Enter a description.

In the Interfaces group box, choose Add .

Enter IF_OO_ADT_CLASSRUN . When the interface appears in the hit list, double-click it to add it to the class definition.

Copy the following code between METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main. and ENDMETHOD. on the Global Class tab:

Navigate to the Global Class tab and insert the source code between METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main. and ENDMETHOD. .

Copy the following code to the Local Types tab:

Navigate to the Local Types tab and insert the source code.

Task 2: Declare Additional Attributes

Extend local class lcl_connection with private instance attributes airport_from_id , airport_to_id , and carrier_name . Add some output for the new attributes to the implementation of method get_output( ) .

Switch to the local class lcl_connection .

In the global class, choose Local Types .

Add the following private attributes to the class definition:

After line PRIVATE SECTION. and before line ENDCLASS. , add the following three statements:

Extend the implementation of method get_output( ) . Append more string templates to returning parameter r_output . Embed the new attributes as expressions into the string templates.

Navigate to the implementation of method get_output( ) .

At the end of the method, add the following two statements:

Replace statement APPEND |Carrier:     { carrier_id      }| TO r_output. with the following statement:

Activate the class. Execute it and analyze the console output.

Press Ctrl + F3 to activate the class.

Press F9 to run the class.

Task 3: Analyze CDS View Entity

Analyze the definition of CDS View Entity /DMO/I_Connection .

Open the development object that contains the definition of CDS View Entity /DMO/I_Connection .

From the toolbar of ADT, choose Open ABAP Development Object or press Ctrl + Shift + A .

In the input field, enter /DMO/I_Con as search string.

In the list of matching items, click on /DMO/I_CONNECTION (Data Definition) and choose OK .

Open the Tooltip Description for the data source of the CDS View entity. Find out the names of the fields that are typed with /dmo/airport_from_id and /dmo/airport_to_id .

Click on /dmo/connection after keyword FROM and press F2 to show the tooltip description.

The names of the fields are airport_from_id and airport_to_id .

Analyze the element list of the CDS view entity. Find out the alias names for fields airport_from_id and airport_to_id .

Navigate to the comma-seperated list between the pair of curly brackets ( { } ).

The alias names are DepartureAirport and DestinationAirport .

Open the Tooltip Description for the target of association _Airline . Find out the alias name of the field that is typed with /dmo/carrier_id .

Click on /DMO/I_Carrier after association [1..1] to and press F2 to show the tooltip description.

Field Name is typed with /dmo/carrier_name .

Task 4: Use CDS View Entity

In method constructor( ) of local class lcl_connection , implement a SELECT statements that reads values for the new attributes from CDS view entity /DMO/I_Connection .

Return to local class lcl_connection in your global class ZCL_##_CDS .

In the editor view of Eclipse, open tab ZCL_##_CDS .

Navigate to the implementation of method constructor( ) .

Search for code line METHOD constructor. .

After statement ENDIF. add a SELECT statement that reads a single record from CDS view entity /DMO/I_Connection .

After ENDIF. , add the following code:

Implement the FIELDS clause. Read view elements DepartureAirport and DestinationAirport . Also read view element Name from the target of association _Airline .

After FROM /DMO/I_Connection enter FIELDS .

After a blank, press Ctrl + Space and choose DepartureAirport .

After a comma and a blank press Ctrl + Space again and choose DestinationAirport .

After a comma and a blank, type in a backslash (\) , press Ctrl + Space and choose _Airline .

Immediately after _Airline , type in a dash sign (-) , press Ctrl + Space and choose Name .

The complete FIELDS clause should look like this:

Implement the WHERE clause. Restrict the key elements of CDS view entity with the values of importing parameters i_carrier_id and i_connection_id . Do not forget to escape the parameters with prefix @.

Add the following code after the FIELDS clause:

Implement the INTO clause. Store the SELECT result in attributes airport_from_id , airport_to_id , and airline_name . Do not forget to escape the attributes with prefix @.

Add the following code after the WHERE clause:

The complete SELECT statement should look like this:

Implement error handling after the SELECT statement. Check the content of system field sy-subrc . If it does not equal Zero, raise exception CX_ABAP_INVALID_VALUE .

Add the following code after the SELECT statement:

Activate the class. Execute it and analyze the console output. Check that the output for the new attributes displays data.

Log in to track your progress & complete quizzes

search help annotation in cds view

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Annotations in CDS

This post summarizes the most common annotations that are required to build a RESTful Application Programming Service in ABAP. ABAP CDS are written in Data Definition Language (DDL).

These annotations are broadly categorized into two types.

ABAP CDS – ABAP Annotations

Framework-specific annotations.

These annotations are evaluated by ABAP runtime environment.

AbapCatalog Annotations

AccessControl Annotations

ClientHandling Annotations

Endusertext annotations, environment annotations, mappingrole annotations, metadata annotations.

  • CDS view, name of the database view
  • Any 16 character value (starting with Z for custom objects)
  • Only required for CDS View
  • CDS view extension, name of the append view
  • Required when CDS view is extended
  • CDS view, specifies how the view can be extended using CDS view extensions
  • #GROUP_BY #NONE #PROJECTION_LIST #UNION
  • CDS access control, specifies implicit access control
  • #CHECK #MANDATORY #NOT_ALLOWED #NOT_REQUIRED #PRIVILEGED_ONLY
  • Default value is #NOT_REQUIRED
  • For test RAP services use the default value #NOT_REQUIRED
  • Specifies client dependency
  • This is not a mandatory but can be used for DDIC based views and Table functions
  • #CLIENT_DEPENDENT #CLIENT_INDEPENDENT #INHERITED
  • Default value is #INHERITED
  • The label automatically comes from the data element, but where the basic types is used the label is useful
  • Tooltip information
  • Environment, assigns an ABAP system field
  • #CLIENT #SYSTEM_DATE #SYSTEM_LANGUAGE #SYSTEM_TIME #USER #USER_DATE #USER_TIMEZONE
  • These fields can be used to assign default system variable values to parameters or in the list
  • Access control, specifies the assignment of a CDS role to users
  • Default value is true
  • For test services or learning purpose, ignore this annotation
  • Specifies extensibility using metadata extensions
  • Specifies how propagated annotations are evaluated
  • Specfies layer in CDS metadata extension
  • #CORE #CUSTOMER #INDUSTRY #LOCALIZATION #PARTNER
  • Usually, we use value #CUSTOMER

Consumption Annotations

ObjectModel Annotations

OData Annotations

Search Annotations

Semantics Annotations

UI Annotations

Aggregation Annotations

These annotations are exposed to OData Service.

Define how the authorization check for a CDS entity is executed.

  • Defines the behavior of the authorization check.

Define a specific behavior that relates to the consumption of CDS content through domain-specific frameworks.

  • Specifies a default value for a filter of a view element.
  • This annotation is used in combination with defaultValue to specify a default interval for a filter of a view element.
  • Specifies that the filter is hidden
  • Enforces a user to enter a value even if a default value exists.
  • Several values can be entered on the filter input
  • Defines how values can be entered
  • #SINGLE. #INTERVAL, #RANGE, #HIERARCHY_NODE are the possible values

Element / Property

  • Prevents fields from being exposed by OData
  • Action importing parameters to define default values for the action consumption via UI consumption.
  • Used for interoperability across applications
  • The semantic semantic object that is defined in the Fiori Launchpad must be specified as the value.
  • SAP Fiori has introduced the concept of intent-based navigation, whereby an intent is a combination of <semanticObject> <action>. A semanticObject annotation is used in SAP Fiori UIs to dynamically derive navigation targets for the annotated view as a source.
  • Specifies whether the value help result list shall only contain distinct values
  • Name : Specifies the entity which contains the element that provides the value help
  • Element : element in the entity referenced in name that provides the value help 
  • Contains a language-dependent text that is used to label the value list
  • Marks value help that shall be used for validation of user input
  • This annotation enables search results in value help views to be automatically sorted by search score.
  • Sets entity element as filterable or non-filterable according to the value true or false.
  • Sets entity element as sortable  or non-sortable according to the value true or false.
  • Defines the associated view, which provides textual descriptions.
  • Connects a field with its descriptive language-independent texts.
  • The sizeCategory is used to support the resource consumption within HANA.
  • S : Expected number of rows is < 1.000
  • M : Expected number of rows is is between 1.000 and 99.999
  • L : Expected number of rows is between 100.000 and 9.999.999
  • XL : Expected number of rows is between 10.000.000 and 99.999.999
  • XXL : expected number of rows is >= 100.000.000
  • References the query implementation class for the unmanaged query.
  • References the calculation class for the annotated virtual element.

OData annotations define OData specific properties.

  • Denotes the external name of an action
  • Denotes the external name of the entity set
  • Denotes the external name of the entity type
  • Declare ETags in behavior definitions. As per SAP documentation – this annotation should not be used
  • Defines if a CDS entity is generally relevant for search scenarios.
  • Boolean (true, false) values can be assigned
  • Specifies that the element is to be considered in a freestyle search where no columns are specified.
  • Specifies how relevant the values of an element are for ranking
  • HIGH – The element is of high relevancy
  • MEDIUM – The element is of medium relevancy
  • LOW – Although the element is relevant for freestyle search, a hit in this element has no real significance on the rank
  • Specifies the least level of fuzziness
  • The value format is Decimal (3,2) and the value is between 0 to 1. For example, 0.8
  • A value between 0.7 and 0.99 would be most useful. 1 means exact match.

These are used by the core engines for data processing and data consumption.

  • These annotations denote that the field is part of address and means as per the annotation name
  • Specifies the currency code field from the projection list
  • Specifies that the field is a currency
  • Specifies UOM field from the projection list
  • Specifies that the field is a Unit of Measure
  • The value of the annotated field encodes accordingly.
  • Tags a field containing a date with time value.
  • Identifies a language field.
  • These can be used to annotate change logging and etag fields within entity

There are too many UI annotations which can not be covered here. Refer SAP Documentation for all the annotations

  • Allow filtering
  • UI.selectionField . position – specify the order of selection fields
  • Represent an ordered collection of data fields on a list or a table
  • UI.lineItem . position – specify the order
  • The columns that need to be displayed always, get importance HIGH and will be displayed even when the app is rendered on a smaller screen
  • UI.lineItem . label – contains a language-dependent text.
  • Represent an ordered collection of specific data fields on object page
  • UI.identification . position , UI.identification . importance , UI.identification . label are similar to UI.lineItem however they work on the object page instead of list
  • Sets up how the sections are displayed on UI
  • id – the identifier of the facet
  • Possible values are – STANDARD, HEADER, QUICK_VIEW, QUICK_CREATE, FILTER
  • default: STANDARD;
  • parentId – identifies the parent facet
  • Purpose and parentId both can not be specified for one facet
  • ADDRESS_REFERENCE
  • BADGE_REFERENCE
  • CHART_REFERENCE
  • CONTACT_REFERENCE
  • DATAPOINT_REFERENCE
  • HEADERINFO_REFERENCE
  • IDENTIFICATION_REFERENCE
  • LINEITEM_REFERENCE
  • STATUSINFO_REFERENCE
  • URL_REFERENCE

With this annotation, the aggregation behavior of elements is specified. Elements without default aggregation or with Aggregation.default: #NONE will not be aggregated and will be used in GROUP BY 

  • This is only allowed in views with dataCategory: #CUBE, #FACT, #DIMENSION.
  • Default value is #NONE
  • Exception aggregation is always performed in addition to default aggregation, which must not be equal to the #NONE. This means that data is first aggregated through the default aggregation grouped by the reference element and then aggregated with the exception aggregation.

Note that this is just a summary and there are too many other annotations. Please refer below link for examples and more explanation.

Reference: https://help.sap.com/docs/btp/sap-abap-restful-application-programming-model/cds-annotations

Visit  ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model  to explore all articles on ABAP RAP Model.

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IMAGES

  1. Find Annotation Examples in CDS Views

    search help annotation in cds view

  2. Find Annotation Examples in CDS Views

    search help annotation in cds view

  3. My CDS view self study tutorial

    search help annotation in cds view

  4. sap cds annotation search help

    search help annotation in cds view

  5. How to create ABAP CDS view and OData with SAP Annotations

    search help annotation in cds view

  6. Part#10. CDS Views

    search help annotation in cds view

VIDEO

  1. Plan View Annotation Work

  2. 08 Consume CDS View in ABAP Program

  3. Using Map and custom annotations in an iOS app by swiftUI

  4. Curso ABAP 135: CDS Views

  5. Value Help and Search Using Annotation RAP Part 9

  6. Curso ABAP 137: CDS Views

COMMENTS

  1. Annotation @Search

    Download PDF Share SAP HANA Search Developer Guide Defining the Persistency and Indexing Creating Search Models Definition of Searchable Database Objects Modeling with CDS Annotations (XS Advanced) Annotation @Search Metadata on View- and Entity Level Metadata on Element Level Annotation @EnterpriseSearch Annotation @EnterpriseSearchHana

  2. CDS: Search Annotations

    Annotations enrich the CDS views but can be confusing as well. These series of blogs have my simplified explanation. Search.searchable is a header annotations meaning it appears before actual select is written. The possible values are true and false and the default value is true. Syntax @Search.searchable : true Or @Search.searchab le : false

  3. Create an ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) View in ABAP On-Premise

    Beginner 45 min. ABAP Development, Beginner, SAP NetWeaver, Tutorial Create a CDS View, display it in Fiori Elements preview, and enhance its appearance using built-in annotations You will learn How to create a read-only CDS-based travel model How to display this CDS entity in a Fiori Elements preview How to extract the metadata of your CDS entity

  4. Providing the Value Help

    The following steps are used to provide value help with foreign key association: Find appropriate association for value help. Annotate the selection field with @ObjectModel.foreignkey.association. Expose the association. In the figure below, we see on the left side of the CDS View Z_H_VH_CustomerName which we use as Value Help in our CDS View Z ...

  5. Using the Core Data Services (CDS) View

    The Core Data Services (CDS) View. The ABAP Core Data Services (ABAP CDS) are the platform-independent implementation of the general CDS concept for AS ABAP. The ABAP CDS makes it possible to define semantic data models on the standard AS ABAP database. Unlike the SAP HANA-specific variant HANA CDS, the ABAP CDS are independent of the database ...

  6. Create Custom Field F4 Help View using CDS for In App Extension

    Once the Value help view is created and released then go back to Fiori "DDIC Extensibility Group".Refer blog: Create CDS Value Help or F4 help for In App Field Custom Fields | SAP Blogs Open the tile Custom Fields or Custom Fields and Logic. Then click on the " + "symbol to create. Here we will add custom field in Purchase Order Header screen.

  7. abap

    1 Answer Sorted by: 1 You create a value help view and associate it by using annotation @Consumption.valueHelp: define view C_A_VIEW as select from I_A_VIEW as A association [0..1] to I_VALUEHELP_VIEW as _VALUEHLEP on $projection..... { @Consumption.valueHelp: '_VALUEHLEP' A.Field }

  8. SAP ABAP-How you can create a Search help with CDS View and ...

    SAP ABAP-How you can create a Search help with CDS View and add it to Vendor Master Search Help?https://youtu.be/awlYpk9hG_s#sap #s4hana #sapmm #auditor #sap...

  9. CDS Annotations

    To access help for an ABAP annotation, position the cursor on relevant annotation in the DDL source editor and choose F1. For more information, look here ABAP CDS - ABAP Annotations Framework-Specific Annotations

  10. CDS: UI Annotations

    Annotations enrich the CDS views but can be confusing as well. These series of blogs have my simplified explanation. SearchdefaultSearchElement is used on top a column, so it can be used multiple times in a view. The possible values are true and false and the default value is true. Syntax. @Search.defaultSearchElement : true.

  11. SAP CDS Views

    Annotations: Annotations are a powerful feature of SAP CDS Views that allow developers to add metadata to the data model. Annotations provide additional information about the data, such as data types, field labels, and descriptions. Associations: Associations allow developers to define relationships between entities in the data model.

  12. Enhance an ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) View in ABAP On-Premise

    1 hr. ABAP Development, Beginner, Tutorial Add features like value help, aggregations, and calculated fields to an existing CDS view You will learn How to add value help using a filter How to add textual information using associations How to concatenate two elements, using a built-in function for CDS

  13. Metadata Extensions for CDS Views

    Improve Readability: Transferring annotations into CDS metadata extensions can help make your CDS models easier to read. However, make sure that you avoid unnecessary overlays and nontransparent distributions of relocated annotations.

  14. Part 7. CDS Annotations

    Yes, we can use the same old SE63 for maintaining translations as shown below. Go to SE63 > Click on Short Texts > Expand A5 User Interface Text > Double click DDLS CDS Views. Provide CDS View ...

  15. Working with CDS View

    To open the Data Preview for a given CDS entity, right-click anywhere in the data definition and choose Open With > Data Preview. Alternatively, place the cursor anywhere in the database table definition and press Ctrl + F8. The tool displays the data returned by the CDS entity.

  16. Annotations in CDS

    AbapCatalog Annotations. AbapCatalog.sqlViewName. CDS view, name of the database view; Any 16 character value (starting with Z for custom objects) Only required for CDS View; AbapCatalog.sqlViewAppendName. CDS view extension, name of the append view; Any 16 character value (starting with Z for custom objects) Required when CDS view is extended

  17. Search Annotations

    Search Annotations SAP - ABAP Programming Model for SAP Fiori Favorite Download PDF Share About ABAP Programming Model for SAP Fiori Before You Start... Get Started Develop Extend Common Tasks Reference CDS Annotations Analytics Annotations AnalyticsDetails Annotations Consumption Annotations DefaultAggregation Annotations

  18. Annotation used for sort property in CDS view.

    using Fiori elements, - so using Smart table should also - the below snippet helps you in your CDS View. This is a view level annotation to define variant for the list. It can be added in the metadata extension or in your consumption view. This can be added as local annotation in the UI5 app also.