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Since 1976, the Writing Lab has supported writers on the West Lafayette campus through a variety of services and community engagement initiatives using student-centered best practices. The Online Writing Lab (OWL) has been an extension of the Writing Lab since 1993, and offers global support through online reference materials and services. The Writing Lab and OWL, both part of the Department of English, are informed by and engage in research within the discipline of Composition and Rhetoric, including the subfields of writing center studies, writing program administration, second language studies, and professional writing.
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APA Style Help & Tools
{{page_title}}, best bet: apa's academic writer.
Academic Writer is the only authoritative and complete online environment for teaching, writing, and publishing in APA Style®, now updated to the 7th Edition. Designed to help users develop their writing and professional research skills, Academic Writer combines sophisticated learning and teaching tools, advanced writing and content management technology, and full integration of APA’s best-selling Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association® to create an unparalleled web-based suite of integrated services and tools.
Access Academic Writer anytime with this link:
library.purdueglobal.edu/academicwriter
Academic Writer Documentation & Tips
The below links lead to more information, tips, and training about the basics of using Academic Writer.
- Library Guide to Academic Writer
- Getting Started Guide (PDF)
- Creating Academic Writer Accounts (PDF)
- Accessing the Publication Manual (PDF)
- Technical Requirements
Using Academic Writer's Writing Tools
Academic Writer contains a Writing section where you can create and write a full APA-formatted paper. You can write the entire paper in Academic Writer or just use it to setup the title page, headings, and references. Export your work at any time to a Microsoft Word document. Below are documents from Academic Writer about the essential features of their Writing tools.
- Setting up the Title Page
- Adding References to Papers (PDF)
- Adding In-Text Citations (PDF)
- Adding Tables (PDF)
- Exporting Papers (PDF)
Featured Items from Academic Writer
Basics of APA Style
Learn the basics of APA Style, including how to format a manuscript, understand the form and function of common manuscript parts, organize and express your thoughts clearly and precisely, employ the mechanics of style, use graphic elements effectively, credit sources and acknowledge the contributions of others, and construct a comprehensive and reliable reference list.
Academic Writer
© 2020 American Psychological Association.
How to Avoid Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism
Learn how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, including how to identify plagiarism, understand its risks and consequences, cite sources properly, and develop sound writing practices.
Learn how to set up the title page of an APA Style paper, including the page header and running head, title, author name and affiliation, and author note.
Paper Template: ("Merenda" Sample Student Paper)
This sample response paper presents a university student's personal reaction to an article about whether medication is prescribed too often to young children to treat psychological disorders. The title page demonstrates the simple default layout for a student paper. The paper has a simple setup with only a title page, body of text, and references. No "running head"! Response papers typically do not include author notes or abstracts, though this may vary by assignment.
Visit the Writing Center
Need writing help? Visit the Writing Center to contact a tutor, submit your paper for review and feedback, or ask APA Style-related questions, as well as access dozens of writing tutorials, videos, webinars, and other instructional resources.
- Writing Center
PG Writing Center's Top APA Links
- Common Citations in APA Format
- APA Title Page and Running Head Video
- APA (7th Edition) Demystified in 5 Minutes Video
- Formatting an APA Style (7th Edition) Reference List Video
- Writing With Integrity (APA Style 7th Ed.)
eBook on APA Style 7th Edition
Zotero: Free Reference Management Tool
Zotero [zoh-TAIR-oh] is a free, easy-to-use tool to help you collect, organize, cite, and share your research sources. This tool is especially popular for heavy researchers at the grad level and above.
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Purdue Owl: APA Formatting & Style Guide
Developed by Purdue's Online Writing Lab. Contains resources on in-text citation and the references page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
Author/Editor (By:)
Contributor, corporate author, related organizations, citation type.
Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts
APA Style (7th Edition)
Welcome to the Purdue OWL
This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.
Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
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Purdue OWL APA 7th edition
Purdue's OWL (Online Writing Lab) is the "go to" for instruction on how to use APA 7th. Below are a few of the topics OWL has. Check out their website for more. https://owl.purdue.edu/index.html
- APA Style Introduction APA 7th
- APA Overview and Workshop APA 7th
- General Formating APA 7th
- In-Text Citation: Authors APA 7th
- Foot Notes and Appendices APA 7th
- Changes in the 7th Edition APA 7th
APA Tutorials on 7th edition
If you need to format your research paper or dissertation in APA style, check out these tutorials from APA.
APA 7th edtion
- Comparative Chart of APA 6th and APA 7th This is a quick chart created by the Janis P. Bellack Library comparing the new edition of APA.
NOTE FROM APA about 7th edition:
There is no electronic version of APA 7th edition.
"APA does NOT have an institutional license model for APA’s Publication Manual , but electronic versions are available at Vital Source ( www.vitalsource.com ) and RedShelf ( www.redshelf.com ).
To help students in need of APA Style guidance, tutorials and quick guides adapted from Academic Writer ® , APA’s tool for teaching and learning effective writing, are now freely available through July 1, 2020.
The Basics of Seventh Edition APA Style tutorial and other material will stay on the APAStyle.org site for free after that date. "
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- Last Updated: Feb 9, 2024 10:42 AM
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APA 7: Formatting a Paper
- Introduction to APA Format (7th ed.)
- Formatting a Paper
- In-Text Citations
- References List
- Getting Research Help
Guidance from APA Style, Purdue OWL, & Excelsior OWL
Paper format is covered in Chapter 2 of the APA Publication Manual
- Paper Format From APA Style.
- APA General Format From Purdue OWL.
- APA Style From Excelsior OWL.
Microsoft 365 Access
All Merced College students have access to Microsoft 365 (formerly branded as Office 365), which includes Word, through student email.
- How to Use Microsoft 365 From Merced College's SSTC.
Basic Formatting Guidelines
- 11-point Calibri
- 11-point Arial
- 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode
- 12-point Times New Roman
- 11-point Georgia
- normal (10-point) Computer Modern (the default font for LaTeX)
- Double-space the entire paper
- Use 1 inch margins
- Use one space after periods and other punctuation marks
- Indent paragraphs with the tab key on your computer keyboard
- running head
- author note
- Every page, including the title page, should have a page number in the top-right corner
- Title in bold & centered
- First and last name
- Name of department & college
- Course title
- Professor first & last name
- Date (Month Day, Year)
- Use the new guidelines for headings
- Use singular "they" or "their" when gender is unknown or not relevant.
- Gendered pronouns (he/she, him/her) are only appropriate when referring to a specific individual who identifies with that pronoun
Sample Student Papers
- Sample Student Paper From APA Style.
- APA 7 Student Paper From Purdue OWL.
Format an Office 365 Word Document in APA 7
Office 365 was rebranded to Microsoft 365 in 2020. "This video walks you step-by-step through setting up an Office 365 Word document in APA 7th edition format" ( lsccyfairlibrary , 4:25).
Format APA 7th edition in Google Drive
"APA format is easy in Google Drive! This video is based on the student guidelines for APA 7th edition, which came out near the end of 2019" ( Amy Whitson , 3:32).
- << Previous: Tutorials
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- Last Updated: Feb 8, 2024 7:57 PM
- URL: https://libguides.mccd.edu/apa7
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APA Style, 7th edition
- What is APA?
- APA Style Citation Guide
- Formatting Your Paper
- Reference List
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APA Style Formatting Steps
Setting up page numbering for apa.
1. Set font as Times New Roman and size 12.
2. Click on Insert.
3. Click on Page Number.
4. Click on Top of Page.
5. Click on Plain Number 3 box.
6. Finish cover page (see pages 11 and 12 of the APA guide).
7. Go to second page.
8. Type your title in bold at the top and centered.
9. Close Header/Footer box.
- APA Style Citations Video [PDF] Video Transcript
Sample Paper
- Purdue OWL: APA Sample Paper [PDF] An example of a correctly formatted APA style research paper. From Purdue University Online Writing Center (OWL).
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- Last Updated: Feb 8, 2024 11:39 AM
- URL: https://libguides.randolph.edu/apa
APA Style - Quick Guide - 6th edition: APA Style
This guide covers the 6th edition of APA Style. The 7th edition came out in October 2019. For information on the 7th edition, please visit The OWL at Purdue until this guide is updated.
About References
"The references of your paper are the foundation on which your work is built. They provide the scientific background that justifies the research you have undertaken and the methods you have used. They provide the context in which your research should be interpreted. They should not be collected as an afterthought when your research project is complete. A literature search and reading of the relevant references should be the starting points of any research project." - Howell, Simon. "References." How to write a paper . Ed. George M. Hall. 3rd ed. London: BMJ Books, 2003. 51.
Academic Integrity
"As a community of students and scholars, The University strives to set and maintain the highest standards of academic integrity. All members of the university community are expected to exhibit honesty and competence in academic work. This responsibility can be met only through earnest and continuing good faith effort on the part of all students and faculty."
The Lowdown, "Student Academic Conduct Policy"
- Avoiding Plagiarism - The OWL at Purdue
APA Style Manual - 6th edition
APA (American Psychological Association) style is commonly used in the social sciences. The APA released a 6th edition of their publication manual in 2010, which contains many updates from the previous edition.
APA Examples - Books
Page numbers refer to the relevant page in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6th ed.
Book (p. 203):
Takahashi, S. (2009). The manga guide to statistics . San Francisco, CA: No Starch Press.
Book chapter in an anthology (p. 204):
Vessey, D. (2001). Hey-diddley-ho neighboreenos: Ned Flanders and neighborly love. In W. Irwin, M. T. Conrad, & A. J. Skoble (Eds.), The Simpsons and philosophy (pp. 202-214). Chicago, IL: Open Court.
Article in a reference book (p. 203):
Chapman, R. (2000). GI Joe. In T. Pendergast & S. Pendergast (Eds.), St. James encyclopedia of popular culture (Vol. 2, pp. 229-230). Detroit, MI: St. James Press.
APA Examples - Periodicals
Journal article with DOI (p. 198):
Shepherd, L. & Kuczynski, A. (2009). The use of emotive imagery and behavioral techniques for a 10-year-old boy's nocturnal fear of ghosts and zombies. Clinical Case Studies , 8(2), 99-112. doi:10.1177/1534650108329664
Journal article with no DOI listed (p. 199):
- If article was retrieved from a print journal:
Mabry, R., & Deiermann, P. (2009). Of cheese and crust: A proof of the pizza conjecture and other tasty results. American Mathematical Monthly , 116(5), 423-438.
- If DOI is found, cite using DOI.
Deno, S. (1985). Curriculum-based measurement: The emerging alternative. Exceptional Children ,52(3), 219-232. Retrieved from http://www.cec.sped.org
- Your instructor may ask you to use a modified version of APA style, in which you include the name of the database instead of the journal home page or cite articles without a DOI in the print journal format. Check your assignment or ask the professor.
Magazine article - accessed online (p. 200):
Kushner, D. (2009, September). Tricked-out golf carts swarm Florida communities. Wired 17(10). Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/magazine
Magazine article - accessed in print (p. 200):
Reyes, P. (2010, August). Paradise swamped: The boom and bust of the middle-class dream. Harper's Magazine , 321(1923), 39-48.
Newspaper article - accessed online (p. 200):
Kepner, T. (2004, October 21). Back from dead, Red Sox bury Yanks and go to series. The New York Times . Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com.
Newspaper article - accessed in print (p. 200):
Itzkoff, D. (2010, July 20). Banned TV episode has its day on DVD. The New York Times , pp. C1, C5.
APA Examples - Websites
Entire website ( ref .) :
To cite an entire website, give the URL of the site in the text of your paper. It is not necessary to put cite it in the references section. Only include retrieval dates for sites that change frequently, such as wikis.
Example: The APA style website gives examples of references (http://apastyle.org).
Article on a website ( ref. ):
Welch, C. (2009, September 9). Web goes nuts for 'crasher squirrel.' Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/09/09/minnesota.crasher.squirrel/
Article from an online reference work (p. 205):
Boondoggle. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster's online dictionary . Retrieved from http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/boondoggle
APA Guides on the Web
- APA Formatting and Style Guide - Purdue OWL
- APA Style - Research and Documentation Online
- Last Updated: Jan 19, 2021 12:10 PM
- URL: https://libguides.southalabama.edu/apa
APA Style: Purdue OWL
- Why Document Sources?
- Differences Between the 6th and 7th edition
- Two Kinds of Citations
- What happens if you are missing a part of the reference?
- Periodicals
- Legal References
- Other Resources
- Citation and Grammar helps
- EasyBib | APA Format for Students & Researchers
- American Psychological Association
- Video and PowerPoint Tutorials
- Preferred Spellings
- Missing a part of the citation
- Videos on APA Style
- How to Cite ChatGPT
The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Teachers and trainers may use this material for in-class and out-of-class instruction.
- Purdue OWL Purdue OWL is an online writing reference that provides detailed information in APA, MLA, Chicago styles of citation as well as general citation and research assistance.
- Purdue Owl | APA Guide | Examples
- APA Style General Formatting and Style Guide 7th ed
Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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Related Guides
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APA Citation Style Guides/Manual
- Publication manual of the American Psychological Association - APA "The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. With millions of copies sold worldwide in multiple languages, it is the style manual of choice for writers, researchers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences, natural sciences, nursing, communications, education, business, engineering, and other fields. Known for its authoritative, easy-to-use reference and citation system, the Publication Manual also offers guidance on choosing the headings, tables, figures, language, and tone that will result in powerful, concise, and elegant scholarly communication. It guides users through the scholarly writing process-from the ethics of authorship to reporting research through publication. The seventh edition is an indispensable resource for students and professionals to achieve excellence in writing and make a impact with their work."
- Investigar y escribir con APA 7 Bibliographical citations--Handbooks, manuals, etc, Standards, Citas bibliográficas--Manuales,etc
- APA Formatting and Style Guide, 7th Ed. (Purdue Univ) APA Formatting and Style Guide - via Purdue Owl - These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
- MLA handbook Formatting your research project -- Mechanics of prose -- Principles of inclusive language -- Documenting sources : an overview -- The list of works cited -- Citing sources in the text -- Notes -- Abbreviations -- Works-cited-list entries by publication format. "The ninth edition of the MLA Handbook is a textbook and reference guide that offers student writers and writing instructors guidance on creating works-cited-list entries in MLA style using the template of core elements. It features advice on punctuation, grammar, inclusive language, formatting research papers, and in-text citations. Includes an appendix of sample works-cited-list entries, illustrations, and an index."
- MLA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue Univ) MLA Formatting Guide via Purdue Owl - The following overview should help you better understand how to cite sources using MLA 9th edition, including how to format the Works Cited page and in-text citations. Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in MLA. See also our MLA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel.
Chicago Manual of Style
- Chicago Manual of Style Online The Chicago Manual of Style Online is the venerable, time-tested guide to style, usage, and grammar in an accessible online format.
- Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition (Purdue Univ) Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition - via Purdue Owl - Please note that although these resources reflect the most recent updates in the The Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition) concerning documentation practices, you can review a full list of updates concerning usage, technology, professional practice, etc. at The Chicago Manual of Style Online.
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Research Resources (APA)
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Be sure to always follow the latest version of APA formatting guidelines.
- APA Style APA style . (n.d.). Excelsior Online Writing Lab. https://owl.excelsior.edu/citation-and-documentation/apa-style/
- General Format General format. (n.d.). Purdue Online Writing Lab. https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
Google Scholar
- Google Scholar Google scholar . (n.d.). Google. https://scholar.google.com/ Google Scholar can be used to find papers.
- Google Scholar 2018 The National University Library. (February 2018). Google scholar 2018 [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2uE6WGA7DI This video explains how to set up Google Scholar to automatically check NU library permissions. This is an immensely powerful research tool and should be used.
Finding Information in Resources
- Art of Reading a Journal Article: Methodically and Effectively Subramanyam, RV. (2013). Art of reading a journal article: Methodically and effectively. J Oral Maxillofact Pathol, 17 (1), 65-70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3687192/ This article will showcase how to mine relevant information from resources. For example, begin by reading the title, abastract and conclusion first.
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- Last Updated: Feb 23, 2024 8:08 AM
- URL: https://resources.nu.edu/c.php?g=1378523
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Deconstructing Narratives: Race and Racism Stories in American Culture. (WR151)
Citing your sources.
- About This Guide
- Argument & Method
MLA (Modern Language Association) Style
Apa (american psychological association) style, chicago style, purdue owl (online writing lab).
The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects.
Proper citation is an essential aspect of scholarship. Citing properly allows your reader or audience to locate the materials you have used. Most importantly, citations give credit to the authors of quoted or consulted information. Failure to acknowledge sources of information properly may constitute plagiarism. For an explicit definition of plagiarism, see the Boston University Academic Conduct Code .
For detailed instructions on how to cite sources in your paper or project, please consult a style manual listed below. See our Citing Sources guide for additional style manuals.
- MLA Formatting and Style Guide at Purdue OWL
- APA Formatting and Style Guide at Purdue OWL
- Chicago Style guide at Purdue OWL
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- Last Updated: Feb 22, 2024 2:16 PM
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IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Learn how to write an APA style paper with the 7th edition of the APA Style Manual. Find general guidelines, in-text citations, reference list, citation machines, and more resources on APA style from Purdue OWL.
Learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style for your research papers and other sources. Find resources on in-text citation, the reference page, APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA poster.
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. Purdue's OWL (Online Writing Lab) provides instruction on how to use APA 7th. Below are a few topics covered by the OWL. APA Style Introduction APA 7th.
Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, 765-494-4600 Purdue University Libraries is a congressionally designated depository for U.S. Government information. Access to the government information collection is open to the public.
The Online Writing Lab (OWL) has been an extension of the Writing Lab since 1993, and offers global support through online reference materials and services. The Writing Lab and OWL, both part of the Department of English, are informed by and engage in research within the discipline of Composition and Rhetoric, including the subfields of writing ...
Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, 765-494-4600 Purdue University Libraries is a congressionally designated depository for U.S. Government information. Access to the government information collection is open to the public.
Using Academic Writer's Writing Tools. Academic Writer contains a Writing section where you can create and write a full APA-formatted paper. You can write the entire paper in Academic Writer or just use it to setup the title page, headings, and references. Export your work at any time to a Microsoft Word document.
APA Citation Information. APA 7th Edition Citation Format instructions--Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) APA Style Manual. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, ... Purdue University Libraries is a congressionally designated depository for U.S. Government information.
General APA Guidelines. Your essay should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5 X 11 inches) with margins of 1 inch on all sides. Your final essay should include, in the order indicated below, as many of the following sections as are applicable, each of which should begin on a separate page: Title page: includes a running head ...
Purdue Owl: APA Formatting & Style Guide /citations/purdue-owl-apa-formatting-style-guide Developed by Purdue's Online Writing Lab. Contains resources on in-text citation and the references page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
Purdue OWL; Research and Citation; APA Style (7th Edition) APA Style (7th Edition) APA Style (7th Edition) Welcome to the Purdue OWL. This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.
This vidcast discusses how to format a paper using Microsoft Word according to APA style. To learn more about APA style, please visit the following resource ...
This tutorial will get you familiarized with the Purdue OWL Formatting and Style Guide. A resource for applying APA formatting to your papers, citations, ref...
This vidcast introduces the viewers to the basics of APA style documentation, focusing on the reference list. For more information on this, please see the fo...
COPY OF THE BOOK: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by American Psychological Association. Call Number: HSSE (Reference Desk) BF76.7 .P83 2020. ISBN: 9781433832161. Publication Date: 2019-10-01. Comparative Chart of APA 6th and APA 7th.
Guidance from APA Style, Purdue OWL, & Excelsior OWL. Paper format is covered in Chapter 2 of the APA Publication Manual. ... From Purdue OWL. APA Style. From Excelsior OWL. Microsoft 365 Access. All Merced College students have access to Microsoft 365 (formerly branded as Office 365), which includes Word, through student email. How to Use ...
Setting up page numbering for APA. 1.Set font as Times New Roman and size 12. 2.Click on Insert. 3.Click on Page Number. 4.Click on Top of Page. 5.Click on Plain Number 3 box. 6.Finish cover page (see pages 11 and 12 of the APA guide). 7.Go to second page. 8.Type your title in bold at the top and centered.
The 7th edition came out in October 2019. For information on the 7th edition, please visit The OWL at Purdue until this guide is updated. ... APA Formatting and Style Guide - Purdue OWL. APA Style - Research and Documentation Online. Last Updated: Jan 19, 2021 12:10 PM; URL: https://libguides.southalabama.edu/apa;
APA Style. The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Teachers and trainers may use this material for ...
APA Formatting and Style Guide - via Purdue Owl - These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
arAustln Peay State University CLARKSVILLE TENNESSEE APSU Writing Center APA style 7th Edition References *This packet is adapted from the information from Purdue Owl and the American Psychological
LibGuides: EID620 v1: Research Resources (APA)
The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. ... The official style manual for the APA. The website at ...
is a departure from previous edi ons of APA. The only me you would ever deviate from this format is if using the et al. would cause poten al confusion between different sources, such as having two ar cles from the same year with the same lead author. The Purdue OWL provides the following example with what would