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Court case number format print.

Modified on: Tue, 8 Mar, 2022 at 8:17 AM

What is the interpretation of the superior court case number format?

District and Municipal Court Case Number Format:

Case numbers assigned by courts of limited jurisdiction (district and municipal courts) are determined by each court.  Such case numbers may consist of all numbers, numbers and letters, or even include other characters such as a dash (-).  Although certain courts may attach specific meaning to the case numbers used by their court (such as court branch, type of case, year filed, etc.), these case numbers have no particular meaning to others outside of the court.  If you want to know the meaning of a certain district or municipal court's case number format, contact the court.  The Court Directory provides contact information for Washington State courts. 

Superior Courts:

The first two digits of the case number are used to indicate the year the case was filed.  The third digit is used to designate the case type.  The next series of digits is the actual sequential number of the case beginning from 00001 in the current year.  The last digit of the case number is called a check digit and is used by the computer to verify the correctness of the previous digits. 

Example:  Case number 93 1 00042 7 shows that the case was the 42nd criminal case filed in 1993.  The check-digit is seven. 

*Restricted Case Types--not available for public access.

For statistical purposes, some cases that predate a court's use of the Superior Court Management Information System (SCOMIS) were entered into SCOMIS using a number format as described below:

The first digit is the case type (see table above).  The next set of digits is the sequence number.  This is referred to as a non-SCOMIS number.

Superior Courts on Odyssey:

For Superior Courts who have implemented the Odyssey case management system, the new format is similar to the old format; the only difference is the county number is now at the end where the check digit used to be located.

For example:

Lewis County is S21 in JIS/SCOMIS. All of their cases will now end in 21 instead of the check digit that traditionally came at the end of the case numbers.

For example, the case number 15-1-80304-7 in JIS/SCOMIS would look like 15-1-80304-21 in Odyssey.

Washington County Codes:

Published 02/17/2004 11:15 AM   |    Updated 02/15/2019 02:46 PM

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  • Docket Numbers

Using and Understanding Docket Numbers

California docket numbers, federal docket numbers.

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what is a case number example

Contact Information  [email protected] 213.736.1177

Courts assign each case case a docket number to make it easier to track. Usually, it's not necessary to understand how docket numbers are assigned to use them to retrieve cases. However, understanding how docket numbers are constructed can be helpful for correcting mistyped docket numbers and determining where and when a case was filed.

Each court generally has its own system for assigning docket numbers, which may include some or all of the following:

  • The year the case was filed, in two or four digit format.
  • The court the case was filed in, represented by a letter or number.
  • The type of case (e.g. civil, criminal, bankruptcy).
  • A sequence number, randomly assigned to each case as it is filed. 

To learn how a specific court assigns docket numbers, check:

  • The court's website
  • Westlaw's source information for the court, which generally explains how the court assigns docket numbers. To view this information, navigate to the court's page in Westlaw's Dockets section and then click the i symbol beneath the court's name.

what is a case number example

Common sources of confusion include:

  • Skipping or altering punctuation (2:14-ap-123456 vs. 214ap123456)
  • Skipping or adding leading zeros (7-4771 vs. 07-04771).
  • Letters indicating case type are often skipped (2:14-ap-123456 vs. 2:14-123456; C-07-04771 vs. 07-04771)
  • Letters at the end of the number are usually local notes such as, e.g. the judge's initials, and are commonly skipped (2:14-cv-123456-ABC-RZ vs. 2:14-cv-123456).

California Supreme and Appeals Court docket numbers are assigned uniformly throughout the state, but each county has its own system for assigning docket numbers and the formats vary widely.

Check the individual county court website or Westlaw for details on how counties outside of LA assign their docket numbers.

what is a case number example

By consulting the California Courts of Appeals case number prefixes , we can tell that the above docket is a second district Court of Appeals case with the sequence number 12345. California Courts of Appeals cases are given prefixes A through G, while California Supreme Court cases are given the prefix S.

what is a case number example

By consulting the LA County Superior Court's case number prefix matrix , we can tell the above docket is in the central district (B) is a civil case (C) and has the sequence number 123456.

Each circuit and district assigns docket numbers independently but uses the same basic format. As a result, the same docket number may be assigned to different cases in different courts. For example:

  • The docket number 14-1234 might refer to a 2014 appellate case filed in any of the circuits or the Supreme Court.
  • The docket number 2:14-cv-123456 may refer to a case filed in Los Angeles (court 2 in the Central District of California), Memphis (court 2 in the Western District of Tennessee), Phoenix (court 2 in the District of Arizona), or any other court assigned the number 2 within its district.

what is a case number example

The docket number above tells us that this case was filed in 2014, with the sequence number 12345. It might be from the Supreme Court or from any Court of Appeals- based on the docket number alone there is no way to tell.

what is a case number example

The docket number above tells us that the case is from a district court that has been assigned the number 2 within its district, was filed in 2014, and is an adversary proceeding in bankruptcy court, with the sequence number 123456. It might be from a court in any district- based on the docket number alone there is no way to tell. 

Common case types include:

  • cv for civil
  • cr for criminal
  • br for bankruptcy

When searching for a docket, skip any letters or numbers after the sequence number. These are not officially part of the docket number but simply local notes, typically the judge's initials and sometimes information about the type of case. For example:

  • VZ for Judge Vincent Zurzolo
  • ABC-RZ for Judge Audrey B. Collins and Magistrate Judge Ralph Zarefsky
  • UA-DUTY for unassigned judge and on duty magistrate
  • TOM13 for Judge Tamara O. Mitchell and Chapter 13 bankruptcy

For details on court numbers, case type abbreviations, and local notes, check the court's website, such as the California Central District's  district court website  (scroll down to Case Naming Conventions) and the  bankruptcy court website .

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what is a case number example

The Court's Case Numbering System

what is a case number example

Thousands of cases are filed each year in the District of Oregon, and CM/ECF assigns a unique case number to each case when it is opened. The full case number (seen on the case assignment form you receive from the Court) will be formatted as follows:

  • Division Code: For statistics tracking and case management purposes, each case number includes a division code, which is the number before the colon. See LR 3-2 for a list of the division codes and their corresponding counties.
  • Year Initiated: The number after the division code represents the year in which the case was initiated.
  • Case Type: The two-letter code after the hyphen refers to case type. There are several case types, but most filers will see CV for a civil action or CR for a criminal case.
  • Case Number: The next number is simply the next available number, starting at 1 and counting up as far as required in a given year.
  • Assigned Judge Initials: In cases where a judge has been assigned, a two-letter code representing the assigned judge is appended to the end of the case number. See Appendix J. The assigned judge code should be included in the caption of any pleading filed in the case. When calling the Clerk's Office about an active case, it is essential to give the complete case number, including the judge initials. 
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Explanation of Case Numbers

  • A colon and a two digit indicator of the year the case was filed. [For example: 3 :00 (Columbia, 2000)]
  • The notation CV (Civil), CR (Criminal), or MC (Miscellaneous). [For example: 3:00 CV (Columbia, 2000, Civil)]
  • An individualized four digit case number which begins anew at the beginning of each year. [For example: 3:00CV 0001 (Columbia, 2000, Civil, first case of the year).]
  • Criminal Only : A hyphen followed by number 01, 02, etc.,indicating the defendant number. [For example: 3:00CR0001 -01 (Columbia, 2000, Criminal, first case of the year, defendant 1).
  • Civil Only : A hyphen and initial signifies the district judge's assignment. [For example: 3:00CV0001 -JFA (Columbia, 2000, Civil case, first case of the year, Judge Joseph F. Anderson, Jr.).]
  • The initials following a district judge's initials signifies assignment of all or part of a case to a magistrate judge. [For example: 3:00CV0001-JFA-PJG (Columbia, 2000, Civil case, first case of the year, Judge Joseph F. Anderson Jr, Magistrate Judge Paige J. Gossett).]

what is a case number example

What Is a Case Number?

George Simons | October 19, 2022

Summary: Have you been asked to reference a case number for your debt collection lawsuit? Learn all you need to know about case numbers here.

If you're unable to repay your debt and debt collectors exhaust other means of trying to get you to pay the debt, they'll most likely resort to filing a lawsuit against you. After filing the debt collection lawsuit, they'll serve you with a summons and complaint letter about the debt. You'll need to provide an answer to the court within a set period or risk losing the case by default.

When creating an answer document, you need to provide certain information referred to as 'styling' by courts and add it to the answer document. This includes case information such as the case number, civil number, index number, and other crucial information related to the case.

This article focuses on a case number and why it's crucial to your case.

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Definition of a case number

A case number is a unique number assigned to a case by the court. The number makes it easier to track or retrieve the case.

Knowing your case number also makes it easy to determine where and when the defendant filed the case. If you're unsure of your case number, you'll need to consult the court clerk.

Case numbers can be numbers, letters, or characters such as a dash (-). Some case numbers assigned by limited jurisdiction courts, e.g., district and municipal courts, may attach specific meaning to their case numbers. However, such case numbers have no meaning to outsiders or people not involved in the case.

If you're assigned a case number, you must retain it for all subsequent admissions or matters relating to the case.

A case number has the following information:

  • the court the lawsuit was filed, represented by letters or numbers.

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How superior courts assign case numbers

A superior court may assign case numbers using three different methods:

  • the Odyssey case management system.

However, these formats may not be uniformly used throughout all states. Some states have their own systems for assigning case numbers, and the formats may differ from those listed here.

The traditional format for a case number

Most superior courts assign case numbers with four parts:

  • the computer uses the last digit, also known as a check digit, to verify if the previous digits are correct.

There are nine case types:

Debt collection lawsuits are under civil cases; therefore, they'll have 2 as the case number assigned by the court.

For instance, if 89 2 00056 8 is a case number. This means that the case was the 56th civil case filed in 1989, while the check digit is 8.

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Superior Court Management Information System (SCOMIS)

Some courts use the Superior Court Management Information System (SCOMIS) to assign case numbers instead of the traditional system.

SCOMIS uses a number format with two parts. The first part indicates the case type, while the second is the sequence number or the non-SCOMIS number.

For instance, if a case number generated by SCOMIS is 2-00001. This means that the case is the first civil case filed in court.

Odyssey case management system

The Odyssey case management system is similar to the traditional format. The major difference is that the Odyssey format has a county number instead of the check digit at the end.

The Odyssey system depends on County numbers listed under the Judicial Information System. For instance, if your county number is R52, all cases filed in the county will end in 52 instead of having a check digit.

Let's say your case number is 16-2-56709-7 in the traditional format; under the Odyssey system, the case number would be 16-2-56709-52.

If you don't know your county's number, you can look it up in the JIS/SCOMIS database. Note that all courts don't use the same system to assign case numbers; a court case number system or format used in one state may not be similar to other states. For confirmation, check the individual county court website for details on how case numbers are assigned.

The importance of case numbers

There are several reasons why a case number is essential. They include:

  • assists in the proper routing of court documents.

File a response to a debt collection lawsuit and beat debt collectors in court.

What if you get served with a summons without a case number?

Most states require the creditor or debt collector to file a lawsuit with the court before they can serve you the summons and complaint letter about the debt. For this reason, you'll find the case number attached to the summons or complaint documents you'll receive from the complainant.

However, in some states, the complainant doesn't need to file a case with the court before serving you the summons and complaint. For this reason, you may receive a summons or complaint without a case number.

This is because the collection lawsuit wasn't filed with the court at the time of service. So if you go ahead and contact the court clerk, they would have no idea of the case you're talking about.

However, this doesn't mean that the summons and complaint letters are false. If your state allows debt collectors to serve you before filing a lawsuit, then the summons is valid. For this reason, you'll need to respond to the summons and complaint or risk losing the case by default.

If you're unsure how to respond to a debt collections lawsuit in your state, SoloSuit is the legal help web application you need. Remember, debt collection summons have deadlines, and if you don't respond on time, the court might pass a default judgment against you. This explains why SoloSuit makes the whole process of filing an answer document fast and easy!

What is SoloSuit?

SoloSuit makes it easy to respond to a debt collection lawsuit.

How it works: SoloSuit is a step-by-step web-app that asks you all the necessary questions to complete your answer. Upon completion, you can either print the completed forms and mail in the hard copies to the courts or you can pay SoloSuit to file it for you and to have an attorney review the document.

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case number

  • A unique identification assigned by the court clerk's office to a specific court case, which is used on all related documents
  • The document could not be filed as the case number was missing.
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  • The confusion was cleared when they discovered they had the same case number.
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what is a case number example

How to do a docket search

Reference Attorneys   Thomson Reuters

June 12, 2020 · 5 minute read

Westlaw Edge makes docket lookup easy

Given the many user-friendly features on Westlaw Edge, it probably isn’t surprising to hear that you can actually find most things in a variety of ways, including dockets. In fact, even if you don’t have the docket number — also known as a case number or file number — you can complete a docket search with just a few clicks.

Court docket search: the basic steps

Whether you want to know how to find a case number online or you already have the docket number and simply want to pull up the docket, Westlaw Edge makes it easy.

Step 1: Pull up the dockets page in Westlaw Edge

Simply click on the “Dockets” link, which you can find on the main page in Westlaw Edge under the “Content types” tab. You can also use the global search bar at the top to search for “dockets” and select the appropriate suggestion. Both of these options get you to the same place.

Where to find dockets on Westlaw Edge.

Step 2: Pick the court you need the docket from

Once on the docket page, you have a couple of options. You can either:

  • Click on the specific court or jurisdiction you are interested in, like the U.S. Supreme Court; or
  • Check the boxes next to the courts or jurisdictions you want to search and enter your search terms in the global search bar at the top. NOTE: The “Specify content to search” option much be selected if you want to see/use these check boxes.

Picking dockets for specific courts in Westlaw Edge.

Note that there are many jurisdictions from which to choose, ranging from all federal dockets to all state dockets, and everything in between. In many instances, you will only be interested in one court or jurisdiction, in which case the first option above will likely be your best choice. This will typically give you more control and allow you to use templates for your docket lookup.

For example, if you were to click on “U.S. Supreme Court,” it will bring you directly to a docket search page where you can use a template to search by participant name, docket number, attorney or law firm name, and filing date.

And if you were to click on a broader jurisdiction — say California dockets — you will have the option to narrow down the jurisdiction even further, including options to search specific federal courts within that state, specific state courts, specific counties, etc. And once you drill down and get to the specific court you need, you will be able to search using a template.

Step 3: Run your court docket search

Once you get to the specific search template for the court you need, enter in your search information. While the templates may vary from court to court, you will typically be able to search by party/participant name, filing date, key search terms, attorney/firm names, and, of course, docket number.

Court docket search for the U.S. Supreme Court.

But even if you don’t have the docket or case number, you can still run a search using the other template options.

After you run your search, just pick the correct docket from the results list. That’s it. Just a few clicks and one easy search to look up the docket you need.

Docket lookup using the case citation

If you have a case citation, there is another easy way to look up the case number or to pull up the docket itself.

Simply “find” the case in Westlaw Edge by typing “find:” followed by the case citation into the global search bar at the top.

How to find a case on Westlaw Edge.

And if you only need the docket/case number, it will be listed right at the top of the case below the party names.

Where to find the docket number in a court opinion.

But, if you need to look at the docket itself, you can do that with three easy clicks:

  • Select “Filings” on the top left corner of the case
  • Select “Dockets” in the left-hand margin
  • Select the docket you want to view — but make sure to pick the docket for the specific court you want since more than one docket may be listed if multiple courts have dealt with the case

Docket lookup from a case opinion in Westlaw Edge.

As we mentioned earlier, though, there are several ways to find dockets and docket-related information on Westlaw Edge, and these are just a few.

Looking up a docket on Westlaw Edge is easy, no matter which method you choose. With just a few clicks, you can find the information you need, improving your strategy and elevating your outcome. Best of all, Westlaw Edge is free to try. Sign up today for a free 7-day trial and experience the power of Westlaw Edge for yourself.

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District of new jersey, hon. renée marie bumb, chief judge | melissa e. rhoads, esq., clerk of court, search form.

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What is the significance of the number and letters in my case number.

Each action is assigned a case number by the Clerk's Office. Essentially, the case number is composed of five parts, although it is not always written completely in that form. The first digit is the division where the case was filed (1: Camden, 2: Newark, and 3: Trenton) . For example, a case filed in Trenton would start with 3. After the division number and colon is the year the case was filed (e.g., 98, 99, 00) and cv for civil, cr for criminal, mc for miscellaneous, and m for magistrate. This is followed by the sequential case number, and then the initials of the presiding judge.

Sample Case Number: 3:00-cv-5 (GEB).

The sample indicates the case was filed in Trenton (Office 3), that it is the fifth case filed in the District in 2000 and that it was assigned to Judge Garrett E. Brown.

Usually the Case Number is written in this form: Civil 00-5 (GEB), however in the computer database you will see it written as 3:0 -cv-5.

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Home » Blog » USCIS Receipt Number Explained

USCIS Receipt Number Explained

August 16, 2022 Citizenship Humanitarian Travel Documents Working in the U.S.

Family uses USCIS Receipt Number to look up case status online

After you’ve filed almost any application or petition with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), they will respond by mailing you a Form I-797C, Notice of Action, within approximately 1 to 4 weeks. (It may take longer to receive the I-797C for some other forms like Form I-751.) The I-797C, Notice of Action, contains your USCIS receipt number. For this reason, this Notice of Action is commonly known as a receipt notice. Also known as a permanent resident card number or green card number, your receipt number identifies your immigration case.

For applicants who have incorrectly filed or included the wrong payment, a rejection notice (instead of a receipt notice) will indicate that USCIS has rejected your case. You will need to refile. If you’ve prepared the form correctly and followed the USCIS directions carefully, the receipt notice will indicate that USCIS has accepted your case. Once the form has been accepted, USCIS will begin reviewing your case.

The USCIS receipt number is a unique 13-digit code. Also known as a case number, it’s a very important number to help you track the progress of your case or identify a particular immigration filing.

Permanent Resident Card Number and Green Card Number

By the way, various agencies may ask for your USCIS receipt number with a different name if you have a green card. Some may call it a permanent resident card number or a green card number. The case associated with the grant of permanent residence is printed on newer cards.

green card number circled

Your green card number is printed on the back side of the current edition of the permanent resident card (pictured above). On prior editions of the card, the number may have been printed in different locations (or was not used at all).

RECOMMENDED: Unemployment Benefits for Green Card Holders and Other Immigrants

However, you don’t need to have a green card in order to have a receipt number from USCIS. As mentioned, USCIS provides a receipt number for virtually any form filed with the agency.

How to Read a USCIS Receipt Number

how to read a uscis receipt number

It’s not necessary that you understand the details of how to read a USCIS receipt number. But you may be curious. It can be very helpful to understand the basics so that you are aware of your case’s location and timeline.

If you submitted a visa petition, adjustment of status, green card renewal, citizenship application, DACA or almost any other USCIS form, the receipt number will allow you to more easily track the status of your case.

Each of the 13 digits in a USCIS receipt number has a specific purpose. Let’s take an example receipt number to explain it:

WAC 16 012 50960

Service Center ( WAC 16 012 50960) Every receipt number begins with three letters that represent the service center that received the case. There are several codes for USCIS service centers. They include:

CSC – California Service Center EAC – Eastern Adjudication Center (now known as Vermont Service Center) IOE – USCIS online account (efile) LIN – Lincoln Service Center (now known as Nebraska Service Center) MSC – Missouri Service Center (now known as National Benefits Center) NBC – National Benefits Center NSC – Nebraska Service Center SRC – Southern Regional Center (now known as Texas Service Center) TSC – Texas Service Center VSC – Vermont Service Center WAC – Western Adjudication Center (now known as California Service Center)

Fiscal Year (WAC 16  012 50960) The second set of digits represent the fiscal year that the case was received. Government agencies use a fiscal year that is different from the calendar year. It begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. So our example case number was opened between October 2016 and September 2016.

Computer Workday (WAC 16 012 50960) The third set of digits indicates the computer workday that the case was opened. The computer workday is basically the same thing as a workday. Therefore it excludes most weekends and holidays. Our example case was opened on the 12th workday of the 2016 fiscal year (October 18, 2016).

Case Number (WAC 16 012 50960 ) The final set of five digits is the case number.

How to Check USCIS Case Status Online

When you receive your receipt number, you can also verify and track your case by entering the number online. It’s easy to track the status of your case on the USCIS website. Follow these simple steps to check your case status with your USCIS receipt number:

Lost USCIS Receipt Number

If you have lost your receipt letter with the USCIS receipt number, it can be recovered. Call USCIS at 1-800-375-5283 and explain your situation. The agent will likely help you schedule an InfoPass appointment with USCIS. Generally, an InfoPass appointment is the only way to get face-to-face access to a USCIS employee. In most cases, you will not be able to enter a USCIS facility without an appointment. At your InfoPass appointment, you can ask questions about your case and request your receipt number if necessary. Take your passport or other valid identification documents to the appointment.

USCIS Online Account System

uscis receipt number example

In some cases USCIS will process your application in the USCIS Online Account System . For example, if you file Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card , an online account will be automatically created for you. You will receive a “Welcome” letter with instructions on how to access your USCIS online account. A USCIS online account allows you to:

  • Check the status of your application
  • Receive notifications and case updates
  • Manage your contact information

If you choose not to access your USCIS online account, USCIS will still process your application in the USCIS Online Account System. You will receive notifications and updates about your application by mail through the U.S. Postal Service.

Form I-90 Processing Time Line (Green Card Renewal) Form N-400 Processing Time Line (Citizenship Application) Form I-130 Processing Time Line (Petition Relative for Green Card) Form I-485 Processing Time Line (Adjustment of Status) Form I-751 Processing Time Line (Petition to Remove Conditions) Form I-821D Processing Time (Deferred Action)

RECOMMENDED: What is a USCIS online account number?

Receipt Number is Not an A-Number

Your receipt number from USCIS is different than your alien registration number (A-Number) . They have a different purpose and look different. As mentioned, your USCIS receipt number will contain 13 digits. An A-number is generally 8 or 9 digits that follow the “A”.

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Note to Reader: This post was originally published on March 14, 2017, and has been modified with improvements.

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Michigan Legal Help

How to Find a Case-Type Code

A case-type code is a set of two letters at the end of a court case number. Each code stands for a type of case. A case is started when a complaint or petition is filed in a Michigan court. The court clerk assigns a case number, and at the end of the case number is the case-type code.

If you are starting a new e-filed case as the plaintiff or petitioner, you will need to know the case-type code for your case. This is a list of the most common case-type codes. If you do not know which code to use, or if your case is not covered in the list below, ask the court clerk for help or read the list of approved  Case Type Codes .

Family law (or domestic relations) cases include divorce, custody, paternity, and child support. They are filed in the Family Division of Circuit Court.

DM: Divorce with Minor Children

DM is used in divorce, separate maintenance, or annulment cases that involve children under 18.

DO: Divorce without Minor Children

DO is used in divorce, separate maintenance, or annulment cases that do not involve minor children.

DC: Custody without Divorce

DC is used in custody and support cases that don’t involve divorce.

DP: Paternity

DP is used in paternity cases, including cases that also involve custody and support.

AY: Stepparent Adoptions

The AY code is used in a case for adoption by a stepparent.

DS: Other Support

DS is used in cases of any other support matters under the Michigan Family Support Act. They include support cases transferred to Michigan from other states after another state entered a judgment.

DZ: Other Domestic Relation Matters

DZ is used in a case for any other matter involving domestic relations. This includes cases not otherwise coded and post judgment matters from other states.

Miscellaneous Family

Some cases that are not related to divorce, custody, paternity, and child support are legally categorized included as family cases. This include cases are filed in the Family Division of Circuit Court.

EM: Emancipation of a Minor

EM is used in a case for the emancipation of a minor.

NC: Name Change

NC is used in a case for a legal name change.

Personal Protection

A personal protection case is filed to ask for a personal protection order. The order tells one person to stop threats or violence against another person. These cases are filed in Circuit Court.

PP: Personal Protection in Domestic Relationships

PP is used in a case for a personal protection order against someone with whom the petitioner has or used to have a domestic relationship. This means protection from someone the petitioner dated, lived with, has a child with, or married.

PH: Personal Protection Against Stalking

PH is used in a case for a personal protection order against someone with whom the petitioner did not have a domestic relationship. This means someone the petitioner has not dated, lived with, had a child with, or married. This kind of personal protection order can protect you from someone who has sexually assaulted you or attempted or threatened to sexually assault you.

PJ: Personal Protection Against Juveniles

PJ is used in a case for any personal protection order against someone who is less than 18 years old.

Housing cases include evictions and other disputes between landlords and tenants. They also include foreclosures, land contracts, and other disputes involving real estate. Some housing cases are filed in Circuit Court. Landlord-tenant and land contract cases are filed in District Court.

CH: Housing and Real Estate

CH is used in a case involving the purchase or foreclosure of housing and real estate. The code is not used for landlord-tenant or land contract cases.

LT: Landlord-Tenant Summary Proceedings

LT is used for landlord-tenant summary proceedings cases. This is an eviction case and may include claims for money damages.

SP: Land Contract Summary Proceedings

SP is used for a land contract summary proceedings case. It is similar to a landlord-tenant case, but a seller can evict a buyer after violating terms of a land contract rather than a lease.

Consumer cases include contract cases, some general civil cases and small claims cases.

If the plaintiff is asking for more than $25,000, the case is filed in Circuit Court. A consumer case for $25,000 or less is filed in District Court. A case for $6,500 or less may be filed in the small claims division of the District Court

SC: Small Claims

SC is used for a case to recover money damages. The amount you can get in a small claims case is limited and can change each year. Go to the Small Claims resource page to learn more.

GC: General Civil Cases

GC is used for a civil case for money damages. The code is not used for small claims, landlord-tenant, or land contract cases.

CK: Contract Cases

CK is used for other contract and collection cases.

Cases to distribute a persons’ property after they die are filed in probate court. These can include cases where the person left a will, or cases where the person died without a will.

PE: Small Estates

PE is used for small estates.  Some small estates do not need to be filed court, but for cases that do, the PE code is used. For a person who died in 2021, an estate is “small” if it is valued at $24,000 or less.  This number may change from year to year.

DA: Supervised Administration of Decedent Estates

DA is used when a person dies leaving property, and the division of property is supervised by the probate judge. This means that the probate judge will place more limits on the power of the personal representative. Any interested person in an estate can ask that it be supervised.

DE: Unsupervised Administration of Decedent Estates

DE is used when a person dies with a larger estate (for someone who died in 2021, this means it was valued at more than $24,000).

Guardianship and Conservatorship

A judge may appoint a guardian or conservator for an adult who cannot make their own decisions. First, the judge must find that the person is a legally incapacitated individual (LII), or a person with developmental disability.

A judge may also appoint a guardian and conservator for a minor if child’s parents can’t or won’t make decisions for the child.

Guardians manage personal and physical well-being. Conservators manage financial affairs.

Petitions for a guardian or conservator are usually filed in Probate Court. In some places, these cases are filed in the Family Division of Circuit Court.

DD: Developmental Disability Guardianship

DD is used in a case to appoint a guardian for a person who is determined to be a person with a developmental disability. It can be for a minor or an adult.

GA: Adult Guardianship

GA is used in a case to appoint a guardian for an adult. The guardian manages the personal and physical well-being of the person in the guardianship.

GM: Minor Guardianship

GM is used in a case to appoint a guardian for a minor. The guardian manages the personal and physical well-being of the child.

LG: Limited Guardianship of Minor

LG is used in a case to appoint a limited guardian for a minor.

CA: Adult Conservatorship

CA is used in a case to appoint a conservator for an adult. The conservator manages the financial affairs of the person in the guardianship.

CY: Minor Conservatorship

CY is used in a case to appoint a conservator for a minor. The conservator manages the financial affairs of the child.

PO: Protective Order

PO is used in a case to enter an order that protects an individual. These protective orders are different from the orders listed above in the section “Personal Protection.” Protective Orders filed with this case-type code are to protect a minor, a person who is mentally ill, a person with a developmental disability, or a person who is legally incapacitated.

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Basic Case Citation

The precise format of a case citation depends on a number of factors, including the jurisdiction, court, and type of case. You should review the rest of this section on citing cases (and the relevant rules in  The Bluebook ) before trying to format a case citation for the first time. However, the basic format of a case citation is as follows:

what is a case number example

Note: In court documents (briefs, motions) and legal memoranda, a full case name is usually italicized or underlined.  In academic legal writing (i.e., a law review article), full case names are generally not underlined or italicized. 

Rule & Tables

Rule 10  (and Rule B10 in the Bluepages) governs how to cite cases. It contains extensive instructions on how to format case citations, and Rule 10 also provides guidance on citing briefs, court filings, and transcripts.

In addition to Rule 10, you may need to consult the following tables in order to format the case citation:

  • Table 1 : A list of (1) reporters* and reporter abbreviations, (2) courts and court abbreviations, and (3) preferred sources to cite for federal courts and each state's courts  
  • Table 6 : Abbreviations for terms used in case names (e.g., America[n] = Am.)  
  • Table 7 : Abbreviations for court names that you would use in the event a court abbreviation is not provided in Table 1  
  • Table 10 : Abbreviations for geographical terms (e.g., Virginia = Va.)  

*What Is a Reporter?* A reporter is a publication containing the opinions of a particular court or jurisdiction, organized chronologically by date of decision. The opinions of a given court or jurisdiction are often published in more than one reporter.  As you'll see below, for example, opinions of the U.S. Supreme Court are published in three reporters.  If a case is published in a reporter,  The Bluebook  prescribes which reporter is the preferred one to cite (Table 1). 

For more on reporters, see our  Case Law Research Guide  or watch Anatomy of a Case, Case Citation, and the Case Law Reporter System in our Case Law Research Tutorial (on the right).

Case Citations Tutorial

what is a case number example

Case Law Research Tutorial

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  What is the proper case number format for Civil and Probate Online Searches? Case numbers must be entered in a specific format. For Civil and Probate cases, start with the proper 3 or 4 case style prefix, the 2 digit year and the 6 or 7 digit sequence number. Case Numbers are up to 12 characters long without spaces, dashes or any other characters. For example:

What is the proper case number format for Criminal, Misdemeanor and Traffic Online searches? Case numbers must be entered in a specific format. Traffic, Misdemeanor and Felony cases consist of 2 digits for the year, a 6 digit sequence number, a 2 letter Division identifier, 2 digit Location and a 1 or 2 letter Companion Designator. Case Numbers are 13 characters long without spaces, dashes or any other characters. For example:

What are the common abbreviations used by the Clerk?

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Frequently Asked Questions

Browse faq topics.

Click on topic categories to view relevant FAQs.

Search by Case Number instead of Party Name

Search by case number rather than by party name so you will go directly to the case without a charge. Otherwise, if you search for a case by a party name that is fairly common, that may yield a high number of pages.

Back to Main FAQs Page

You might also be interested in…

Search by a specific court vs. using the pacer case locator.

If you know what court the case was filed in and you know the case number, login to PACER to search directly using the Query option. 

The PACER Case Locator is a nationwide index that searches all federal court case records in one central location. If you are unsure where the case was filed and/or you do not have a case number, you can use the PACER Case Locator to find it. You can search nationwide or you can limit your search criteria to a specific state to locate your case. 

For example, if you know your case was filed in Texas, but are unsure which district in Texas, you can search for the case in the PACER Case Locator in multiple districts at once, instead of manually searching in each one individually.  

Use Docket Report Filters

You may limit the amount of information listed on the Docket Report by using the filters provided. Depending on the options made available by the court, you may have the ability to toggle the inclusion of “Parties and Counsel” and/or “Terminated Parties,” if that information is not necessary to you. Typically, these options are enabled by default. You also have the option to filter the docket to include filings/entries by date range. Entering a date range prior to running the docket report will display filings or entries within that range. For example: if you last checked the docket on 08/23/19, the next time you search for case updates enter a date range of 08/23/19 to present and unchecking “Parties and Counsel” and “Terminated Parties.” This will avoid pulling docket entries and party information you may have already accessed or do not need.

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Interpreting Citations

Deciphering acronyms and abbreviations, bluebook rules.

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Interpreting a Case Citation:

An example of a case citation: United States v. Jones, 565 U.S. 400, 132 S.Ct. 945, 181 L.Ed.2d 911 (2012).

  • United States v. Jones. = Names of the parties in the case. (In the trial court, the first name listed is the plaintiff, the party bringing the suit. The name following the "v" is the defendant. If the case is appealed, as in this example, the name of the petitioner (appellant) is usually listed first, and the name of the respondent (appellee) is listed second. If the defendant in the trial court case brings an appeal, the defendant's name may be listed first in the appellate case.)
  • 565, 132, and 181 = Volume numbers of the reporters (books) containing the full-text of the court's opinion.
  • U.S., S.Ct., and L.Ed.2d = Bluebook abbreviations for the reporters ( United States Reports, Supreme Court Reporter, Supreme Court Reports Lawyers' Edition ) containing the court's opinion.
  • 400, 945, and 911 = First page of the court’s opinion in the respective reporters. If you see an incomplete citation such as 573 U.S. ___, the ___ indicates a page number is not yet available in the official reporter, United States Reports.
  • 2012 = Year the case was decided.

Commonly Used:

U.S. (United States Reports)

S.Ct. (Supreme Court Reporter)

L. Ed. (Supreme Court Reports Lawyers' Edition)

F., F.2d, F.3d (Federal Reporter)

F. Cas. (Federal Cases)

F.R.D. (Federal Rules Decisions)

F. Supp., F. Supp. 2d (Federal Supplement)

A.L.R. (American Law Reports)

Am. Jur. (American Jurisprudence)

C.J.S. (Corpus Juris Secundum)

Reference Resources:

Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations

Prince's Bieber Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations: A Reference Guide for Attorneys, Legal Secretaries, Paralegals, and Law Students

Location:  READY REFERENCE (1ST FL)  and  RESERVE (1ST FL) KF246 .B46 2017 

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Legal Citation Guide: Case Law

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Case Law:   Also known as  judicial law ; originates in the court system. The courts apply law in disputes between parties, and the outcomes are commonly referred to as  court decisions .

Anatomy of a Case Law Citation

what is a case number example

Examples: APA and MLA Style

Because the Chicago style footnote for case law is the same as what is described in the Anatomy of a Case Law Citation example above, the following examples focus on styles that use parenthetical in-text citations.

Reference list: Name v. Name, Published (or Unpublished) Court Reporter Volume and Abbreviation with Page Number (Court Date). 

In-text citation : (Name v. Name, Court Date)

Reference list:  Ragas v. Tennessee Gas Pipeline Co., 136 F.3d 455 (5th Cir. 1998)

In-text:   ( Ragas v. Tennessee Gas Pipeline Co. , 1998)

Reference list:  Lessard v. Schmidt, 349 F. Supp. 1078 (E.D. Wis. 1972)

In-text: ( L essard v. Schmidt,  1972)

Common Abbreviations

F. Supp . = Federal Supplement

F. =   Federal Reporter

U.S. =   U.S. Reports

S. Ct. = Supreme Court Reporter

L. Ed.   = U.S. Reports, Lawyers' Edition

A.  =  Atlantic Reporter

Tips & FAQs

Omit all parties other than the first party listed on each side of the 'v'.

Ex. Dow Jones & Co. v. Harrods, Ltd.

Not: Dow Jones & Company, Inc., Plaintiff, v. Harrods, Limited and Mohamed Al Fayed, Defendants

For names of individuals, use only last names, omitting first names, middle names, and initials.

Ex. Darwin v. Dawkins

To point your reader to a specific page related to your cited material, include a pinpoint citation -- aka a "pincite" . Place pincites after the page in which the case report begins, separated by a comma.

Ex. Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421, 430 (1962)   -- In this example, 430 is the pincite.

On the treatment of reference and bibliography entries

APA and MLA style both require reference list entries and in-text citations for case law/court decisions. 

When using only a handful of legal citations in Chicago style, the recommendation is to limit legal citations to the text itself, using narrative to include information that would have gone in the footnotes. However, when using several legal documents in Chicago style, supplement with footnotes or endnotes.

Chicago style requires only footnote citations for legal documents. The documents do not need to be listed in the bibliography.

How to Read a Case Number

At the top of any case, you will find the case citation. There may be several different numbers assigned to a case, but usually the set listed in the top row is sufficient for a paper citation.

Case numbers include the volume number, the court reporter the case appears in (an actual print volume) , and the first page number of the case report . It may also include information about the court and year in which the case was tried. 

what is a case number example

Citation for example above:

Use the top set of numbers, 817 P.2d 3   (means   Pacific Reporter, 2nd Series, Volume 817, page 3)

Becomes: Washington Elementary School District v. Baglino Co.,   8 17 P.2d 3 (1991).

More case number examples, some with court and year information:

493 U.S. 146 =  U.S. Reporter, Volume 493, page 146

127 S. Ct. 1769 = Supreme Court Reporter, Volume 127, page 1769

221 F.3d 410 (3d Cir. 2000) = Federal Reporter 3rd Series, Volume 221, page 410 (3rd Circuit Court, 2000)

290 F. Supp. 67 (D. Nev. 1967) = Federal Supplement, Volume 290, page 67 (District Court of Nevada, 1967)

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Advertisement

The Civil Fraud Ruling on Donald Trump, Annotated

By Kate Christobek

Former President Donald J. Trump was penalized $355 million , plus millions more in interest, and banned for three years from serving in any top roles at a New York company, including his own, in a ruling on Friday by Justice Arthur F. Engoron. The decision comes after the state's attorney general, Letitia James, sued Mr. Trump, members of his family and his company in 2022.

The ruling expands on Justice Engoron’s decision last fall , which found that Mr. Trump’s financial statements were filled with fraudulent claims. Mr. Trump will appeal the financial penalty and is likely to appeal other restrictions; he has already appealed last fall’s ruling.

The New York Times annotated the document.

Download the original PDF .

Page 1 of undefined PDF document.

New York Times Analysis

This ruling by Justice Arthur F. Engoron is a result of a 2022 lawsuit filed by New York’s attorney general, Letitia James , against Donald J. Trump and the Trump Organization; his adult sons, Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump; the company’s former chief financial officer Allen Weisselberg and former controller Jeffrey McConney; and several of their related entities. Mr. Trump’s daughter, Ivanka Trump, was also initially a defendant until an appeals court dismissed the case against her.

Page 2 of undefined PDF document.

The law under which Ms. James sued, known by its shorthand 63(12), requires the plaintiff to show a defendant’s conduct was deceptive . If that standard is met, a judge can impose severe punishment, including forfeiting the money obtained through fraud. Ms. James has also used this law against the oil company ExxonMobil, the tobacco brand Juul and the pharma executive Martin Shkreli.

Page 4 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron is now providing a background of this case. This ruling comes after a three-year investigation by the attorney general’s office and the conclusion of a trial that ended last month. But this likely won’t be Mr. Trump’s last word on the matter — he will appeal the financial penalty and is likely to appeal other restrictions, as he has already appealed other rulings.

In late 2022, Justice Engoron assigned a former federal judge, Barbara Jones, to serve as a monitor at the Trump Organization and tasked her with keeping an eye on the company and its lending relationships. Last month, she issued a report citing inconsistencies in its financial reporting, which “may reflect a lack of adequate internal controls.”

Page 5 of undefined PDF document.

Here, Justice Engoron is laying out the laws he considered in his ruling beyond 63(12). The attorney general’s lawsuit included allegations of violations of falsifying business records, issuing false financial statements, insurance fraud and related conspiracy offenses.

Justice Engoron is explaining the decision, issued a week before the trial, in which he found that Mr. Trump’s financial statements were filled with fraud , fundamentally shaping the rest of the trial.

Page 6 of undefined PDF document.

For over 50 pages, Justice Engoron describes his conclusions about the testimony of all of the witnesses who spoke during the trial.

Page 8 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron discusses Mr. McConney’s important role in preparing Mr. Trump’s financial statements. The judge points out that Mr. McConney prepared all the valuations on the statements in consultation with Mr. Weisselberg.

Page 24 of undefined PDF document.

In his discussion of Mr. Weisselberg, Justice Engoron calls his testimony in the trial “intentionally evasive.” Justice Engoron then brings up Mr. Weisselberg’s separation agreement from the Trump Organization, which prohibited him from voluntarily cooperating with any entities “adverse” to the organization. Justice Engoron says that this renders Mr. Weisselberg’s testimony highly unreliable.

Page 27 of undefined PDF document.

When Donald Trump Jr. testified in court, he disavowed responsibility for his father’s financial statements despite serving as a trustee of the Donald J. Trump Revocable Trust while his father was president. But Justice Engoron specifically cites here that Donald Trump Jr. certified that he was responsible for the financial statements, and testified that he intended for the banks to rely on them and that the statements were “materially accurate.”

Page 30 of undefined PDF document.

During his testimony, Eric Trump, the Trump Organization’s de facto chief executive, initially denied knowing about his father’s financial statements until this case. As Justice Engoron points out here, Eric Trump eventually conceded to knowing about them as early as 2013. As a result, Justice Engoron calls Eric Trump’s credibility “severely damaged.”

Page 33 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron points to Mr. Trump’s testimony when he took the witness stand in November when Mr. Trump acknowledged that he helped put together his annual financial statements. Mr. Trump said he would see them and occasionally have suggestions.

Page 35 of undefined PDF document.

After four pages of describing Mr. Trump’s testimony, Justice Engoron says Mr. Trump rarely responded to the questions asked and frequently interjected long, irrelevant speeches, which all “severely compromised his credibility.”

Page 38 of undefined PDF document.

For several pages, Justice Engoron provides background on specific assets that Mr. Trump included in his annual financial statements.

Page 61 of undefined PDF document.

The judge is clarifying that Ms. James had to prove her claims by a “preponderance of the evidence,” meaning she had to demonstrate it was more likely than not that Mr. Trump and the co-defendants should be held liable. This is a lower standard than that of a criminal trial, which requires that evidence be proven “beyond a reasonable doubt.”

Page 76 of undefined PDF document.

During the trial, Mr. Trump and his legal team tried to shift the blame for any inaccuracies in his financial statements onto his outside accountants. But Justice Engoron criticizes that argument here.

Page 77 of undefined PDF document.

During the monthslong trial, Mr. Trump, his legal team and several witnesses stressed that real estate appraisals are an art, not a science. But here it’s clear Justice Engoron, while agreeing with that sentiment, also believes it’s deceptive when different appraisals rely on different assumptions.

Page 78 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron is now going through the defendants one by one and articulating the evidence that shows each of their “intent to defraud,” which is required by the statute against falsifying business records. Notably, his first paragraph describing the former president’s intent provides examples including Mr. Trump’s awareness that his triplex apartment was not 30,000 square feet and his valuation of Mar-a-Lago as a single-family residence even though it was deeded as a social club.

Page 79 of undefined PDF document.

Among the defendants, Justice Engoron finds only Allen Weisselberg and Jeffrey McConney liable for insurance fraud. Here, he doesn’t provide an explanation for why the other defendants, including Mr. Trump and his adult sons, were not found liable, and he says that both Mr. Weisselberg and Mr. McConney made false representations to insurance companies about Mr. Trump’s financial statements.

While Mr. Trump and his adult sons were not found liable for insurance fraud, here Justice Engoron finds them liable for conspiracy to commit insurance fraud, explaining that they all “aided and abetted” the conspiracy to commit insurance fraud by falsifying business records.

Page 82 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron here adopts the approximations of Michiel McCarty, the attorney general’s expert witness. Justice Engoron says Mr. McCarty testified “reliably and convincingly,” and finds that the defendants’ fraud saved them over $168 million in interest.

Page 83 of undefined PDF document.

In finding that the defendants were able to purchase the Old Post Office in Washington, D.C., through their use of the fraudulent financial statements, Justice Engoron rules that the defendants’ proceeds from the sale of the post office in 2022 should be considered “ill-gotten gains.” He penalizes Donald Trump and his companies over $126 million, and Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump $4 million each, for this one property.

Page 84 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron blasts the defendants for failing to admit that they were wrong in their valuations — adding that “their complete lack of contrition and remorse borders on pathological.” He says that this inability to admit error makes him believe they will continue their fraudulent activities unless “judicially restrained.”

Page 88 of undefined PDF document.

The judge cites other examples of Mr. Trump’s “ongoing propensity to engage in fraud,” bringing up lawsuits against Trump University and the Donald J. Trump Foundation. He also notably raises two criminal cases brought by the Manhattan district attorney’s office: one against Mr. Weisselberg, who pleaded guilty to tax fraud and falsifying business records , and another against the Trump Organization, which was convicted of 17 criminal counts including tax fraud .

Justice Engoron states that Judge Barbara Jones, who has been serving as an independent monitor at the Trump Organization since 2022, will continue in that role for at least three years. He clarifies that going forward, her role will be enhanced and she will review Trump Organization financial disclosures before they are submitted to any third party, to ensure that there are no material misstatements.

Page 89 of undefined PDF document.

In addition to extending the monitor’s tenure and strengthening her powers, Justice Engoron also took the unusual step of ordering that an independent compliance director be installed inside The Trump organization, and that they report directly to the monitor.

— William K. Rashbaum

In his pre-trial order, Justice Engoron ordered the cancellation of some of Mr. Trump’s business licenses . But here, he pulls back on that decision and instead says that any “restructuring and potential dissolution” would be up to Ms. Jones, the independent monitor.

Page 90 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron lays out his bans against the defendants, ruling that Mr. Trump, Mr. Weisselberg and Mr. McConney cannot serve as officers or directors of any corporation or legal entity in New York for the next three years, and bans his sons Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump for two years from the same. He also prohibits Mr. Trump from applying for any loans from any New York banks for the next three years. The ruling goes further in the cases of Mr. Weisselberg and Mr. McConney, permanently barring them from serving in the financial control function of any New York business.

Page 91 of undefined PDF document.

Justice Engoron also ordered that Mr. Trump and his sons pay the interest, pushing the penalty to $450 million, according to Ms. James.

Page 92 of undefined PDF document.

An earlier version of this article misstated how long the adult sons of former President Donald J. Trump — Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump — were barred by Justice Arthur F. Engoron from serving as officers or directors of any corporation or legal entity in New York. It was two years, not three. The article also misstated the number of pages in which Justice Engoron describes his conclusions about the testimony of all of the non-defendant witnesses. It was under 50 pages, not over 50 pages. The article also misstated the number of pages in the section in which Justice Engoron provides background on specific assets that Mr. Trump included in his annual financial statements. It was several pages, not more than a dozen pages.

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Trump ordered to pay $454 million in fines and interest in NY business fraud case

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  • Donald Trump has been ordered to pay about $454 million in total penalties after a judge found that Trump, his company and others fraudulently inflated assets to boost his net worth and get financial perks.
  • That includes about $355 million in disgorgement and more than $98 million in prejudgment interest at a 9% annual rate.
  • Manhattan Supreme Court Judge Arthur Engoron also barred Trump for three years from serving as an officer or director of any New York corporation, or applying for loans from any New York chartered or registered financial institution.
  • "Their complete lack of contrition and remorse borders on pathological," Engoron wrote in a scathing ruling.

A New York judge on Friday ordered Donald Trump to pay about $454 million in total penalties as part of his ruling in the former president's civil business fraud trial.

The staggering figure includes about $355 million in disgorgement, a term for returning ill-gotten gains, plus more than $98 million in prejudgment interest that will accrue every day until it is paid, according to a spokesperson for the attorney general's office.

Manhattan Supreme Court Judge Arthur Engoron also barred Trump from running a business in New York for three years.

The former president also faces a three-year ban on applying for loans from financial institutions registered with the state.

"New York means business in combating business fraud," Engoron wrote in the 92-page ruling.

The judge delivered the final decision from the trial, which was held without a jury.

"We've employed tens of thousands of people in New York, and we pay taxes like few other people have ever paid in New York," Trump said in remarks at his Mar-a-Lago resort after the ruling. "They don't care about that. It's a state that's going bust because everybody's leaving."

His attorney Chris Kise said in a statement earlier Friday that Trump "will of course appeal."

The former president "remains confident the Appellate Division will ultimately correct the innumerable and catastrophic errors made by a trial court untethered to the law or to reality," Kise said.

The appeals process could take several years to resolve.

The explosive trial stemmed from New York Attorney General Letitia James' lawsuit accusing Trump, his two adult sons, his company and top executives of fraudulently inflating Trump's assets to boost his stated net worth and obtain various financial perks.

"There simply cannot be different rules for different people," James said in a statement celebrating the ruling Friday afternoon.

"Everyday Americans cannot lie to a bank to get a mortgage to buy a home, and if they did, our government would throw the book at them," James said.

James had asked Engoron to ban Trump for life from New York's real estate industry, and for $370 million in disgorgement.

Instead, Engoron fined Trump $354,868,768 in disgorgement. He also ordered Trump to pay a total of $98.6 million in prejudgment interest, which will accrue at an annual rate of 9%.

The grand total, including disgorgement and interest, for all defendants in the case: just under $464 million.

Of that sum, Eric Trump and Donald Trump Jr., who took over the Trump Organization after their father became president in 2017, have been ordered to pay more than $4 million each.

Eric and Donald Jr. also face two-year bans from serving as officers or directors of any New York corporation or legal entity.

Co-defendants Allen Weisselberg, the Trump Organization's former chief financial officer, and the company's comptroller, Jeffrey McConney, are permanently banned from controlling the finances of a New York business, Engoron ruled.

But the judge vacated his own prior directive to cancel the defendants' business certificates, meaning he is no longer pursuing what some legal experts described as a "corporate death penalty" for the Trump Organization.

The decision is only the latest court-ordered punishment imposed on Trump, who is running for president while dealing with numerous criminal and civil lawsuits. Last month, a jury in a separate civil case in New York federal court ordered Trump to pay $83.3 million for defaming writer E. Jean Carroll when he responded to her claim that he had raped her in the mid-1990s.

Trump is the clear front-runner for the Republican presidential nomination, setting up a likely rematch with President Joe Biden , who beat him in 2020.

Lawyers for Trump and the other defendants quickly blasted Friday's ruling, accusing the judge and the prosecutor of political bias and warning that the outcome will drive business away from New York.

"Countless hours of testimony proved that there was no wrongdoing, no crime, and no victim," Trump attorney Alina Habba said in a statement.

But Engoron wrote in his ruling that the statute used in the case does not require that a victim lose money.

"It is undisputed that defendants have made all required payments on time; the next group of lenders to receive bogus statements might not be so lucky," he wrote.

"Defendants submitted blatantly false financial data" as they sought to borrow more money at better loan rates, "resulting in fraudulent financial statements," Engoron wrote.

He also pointed to the Trump team's legal defenses, saying they proved the company and its officers would keep operating the same way they always had unless he forced them to change.

"When confronted at trial with the statements, defendants' fact and expert witnesses simply denied reality," the judge wrote.

Their "refusal to admit error" led the judge to conclude "that they will engage in it going forward unless judicially restrained."

"Indeed, Donald Trump testified that, even today, he does not believe the Trump Organization needed to make any changes based on the facts that came out during this trial," Engoron wrote.

"Their complete lack of contrition and remorse borders on pathological."

Read more on this Trump fraud trial

  • Trump lashes out at financial monitor in business fraud case after she reports errors
  • Trump storms out of fraud trial after judge clashes with his attorneys, fines him $10,000 for violating gag order
  • New York AG pushing for lifetime Trump ban cites Martin Shkreli ruling

Trump has frequently raged against his many legal battles as "witch hunts," claiming they are part of a Biden administration-backed conspiracy to tank his political ambitions.

He vociferously denied all wrongdoing in the New York fraud case, blaring his claims of total innocence on social media, at the courthouse and even on the witness stand.

Trump claimed to be worth far more than what was reported on his financial statements, while asserting that a disclaimer on the records protected him from liability for any inaccuracies.

But Trump and the other defendants were found liable for fraud by Engoron before the trial even began.

In a bombshell pretrial ruling, Engoron granted summary judgment on James' main cause of action — that the defendants committed fraud in violation of New York law.

Engoron found that Trump's statements of financial condition between 2014 and 2021 overvalued his assets between $812 million and $2.2 billion.

The ruling razed Trump's defense claims, accusing him and his co-defendants of trying to convince the court to "not believe its own eyes."

The trial was conducted to determine the amount to be paid in penalties and resolve other claims of wrongdoing from James' lawsuit.

The trial also doubled as a soapbox for Trump to air his grievances about his perceived political foes, including those sitting feet away from him in court.

On the witness stand, Trump railed against Engoron and James while defending the values that were reported on his statements of financial condition. Trump also tore into another key witness, his former fixer and personal lawyer Michael Cohen, who testified that Trump had directed him to falsely manipulate his net worth.

Trump's venting brought consequences. On the second day of the trial, Engoron imposed a narrow gag order after Trump repeatedly targeted the judge's principal law clerk, Allison Greenfield, who sat in court.

Trump violated the gag order twice within four weeks, catching fines totaling $15,000.

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Think you know what the top scam of 2023 was? Take a guess

Facebook

Every day people report to the FTC the scams they spot. Every year, the FTC shares the information we collect in a data book which tells a story about the top scams people tell us about – so we can all spot and avoid them.

The Data Book tells us that people lost $10 billion to scams in 2023. That’s $1 billion more than 2022 and the highest ever in reported losses to the FTC – even though the number of reports (2.6 million) was about the same as last year. One in four people reported losing money to scams, with a median loss of $500 per person. And email was the #1 contact method for scammers this year, especially when scammers pretended to be a business or government agency to steal money.

Here are other takeaways for 2023:

  • Imposter scams. Imposter scams remained the top fraud category, with reported losses of $2.7 billion. These scams include people pretending to be your bank’s fraud department, the government, a relative in distress, a well-known business, or a technical support expert.
  • Investment scams . While investment-related scams were the fourth most-reported fraud category, losses in this category grew. People reported median losses of $7.7K – up from $5K in 2022.
  • Social media scams . Scams starting on social media accounted for the highest total losses at $1.4 billion – an increase of 250 million from 2022. But scams that started by a phone call caused the highest per-person loss ($1,480 average loss).
  • Payment methods . How did scammers prefer that people pay? With bank transfers and payments, which accounted for the highest losses ($1.86 billion). Cryptocurrency is a close second ($1.41 billion reported in losses).
  • Losses by age . Of people who reported their age, younger adults (20-29) reported losing money more often than older adults (70+). However, when older adults lost money, they lost the most.

Check out the graphic for the top scams of 2023. Read the 2023 Data Book for more details and to learn what happened in your state.

A scammy snapshot of 2023

Want to protect yourself, your loved ones, and your communities from scams? Go to ReportFraud.ftc.gov to report fraud. Reports like yours help law enforcement take action with education and enforcement. By reporting what you see and experience, you can help protect your community.

Add new comment

Read our privacy act statement.

It is your choice whether to submit a comment. If you do, you must create a user name, or we will not post your comment. The Federal Trade Commission Act authorizes this information collection for purposes of managing online comments. Comments and user names are part of the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) public records system, and user names also are part of the FTC’s  computer user records  system. We may routinely use these records as described in the FTC’s  Privacy Act system notices . For more information on how the FTC handles information that we collect, please read our privacy policy .

Read Our Comment Policy

The purpose of this blog and its comments section is to inform readers about Federal Trade Commission activity, and share information to help them avoid, report, and recover from fraud, scams, and bad business practices. Your thoughts, ideas, and concerns are welcome, and we encourage comments. But keep in mind, this is a moderated blog. We review all comments before they are posted, and we won’t post comments that don’t comply with our commenting policy. We expect commenters to treat each other and the blog writers with respect.

  • We won’t post off-topic comments, repeated identical comments, or comments that include sales pitches or promotions.
  • We won’t post comments that include vulgar messages, personal attacks by name, or offensive terms that target specific people or groups.
  • We won’t post threats, defamatory statements, or suggestions or encouragement of illegal activity.
  • We won’t post comments that include personal information, like Social Security numbers, account numbers, home addresses, and email addresses. To file a detailed report about a scam, go to ReportFraud.ftc.gov.

We don't edit comments to remove objectionable content, so please ensure that your comment contains none of the above. The comments posted on this blog become part of the public domain. To protect your privacy and the privacy of other people, please do not include personal information. Opinions in comments that appear in this blog belong to the individuals who expressed them. They do not belong to or represent views of the Federal Trade Commission.

Thank you for sharing information that I was not aware of. When people take pleasure in being deceitful! You can no longer trust in laws (especially) or your own family. The more J know the more I am aware of protecting myself and helping others as well!!

I think Congress should pass a bill to penalize the scammers.

In reply to I think Congress should pass… by Hi Nguyen

Thoroughly agree with Nguyen- scammers should be punished/penalized for their crimes. If Congress is required to do so, then Congress should pass the necessary laws to make this happen. Peter

In reply to Thoroughly agree with Nguyen… by Peter

You’re right

I think there are laws but the problem is finding out who and where they are.

In reply to I think there are laws but… by Wren

If they would hold some of the social media platfroms accountable for thier lack of care about any of these issues it would help a lot. Hackers are allowed to use accounts to scam people freely.

Yes definitely they should put them in jail longer than other crimes because it affects you mentally and socially more than a in person crime . This is because you do not know in reality who did the scam. The scammers are working with the person in the scam to rob you. Is gang stalking.

Can’t penalize foreign nationals who reside in foreign countries unfortunately

what a great idea. Robocalling already is illegal but doesnt seem to stop them. MOST coming from Jamacia. Only reason I know that is b.c I did the no no of calling back and it was on my phone bill

Thank you for the information!

I’m surprised that text messages wasn’t listed as a means of fraud or attempted fraud. I get phishing texts the most, followed by phone calls. Lately, I’ve received a few emails with a PDF attachment that is an alleged invoice. I don’t open it. It’s very interesting to watch the scammers attempts to get information or money from me. I’m already a victim of identity theft due to some major data breaches in 2021 to current, so I’m especially careful.

In reply to I’m surprised that text… by MN

Absolutely agree with MN. The phone calls start at 8:30 AM with so-called Medicare plans, or now it's Credit help! 99% of the time I don't answer. It doesn't stop there text comes in with "Hello how are you?" From some unknown number. I print them out in the event that someday I can help catch these creeps.

In reply to Absolutely agree with MN… by Bette Burton James

Bette if you receive the calls on your mobile phone you can block them. If you have an iphone, after the call ends, go to RECENTS, click on the i (information) button, scroll down to the end of the info and click on Block this Caller Forewarning though, they just have another number they can use :-\ Any number you don't recognize, don't answer . . . if it's legit, there should be a message, no message it's not legit. Unfortunately this doesn't stop the robocalls - I've blocked over 1,000 on my iphone in the last year. Good luck!

I've been gettng over 50 "lewd and suggestive" emails every day. I have blocked these and as of this morning there were over 199. Can this list be sent directly? They are insulting, and I would rather forward this to you, if possible.

Enid Hurwitz

In reply to I've been gettng over 50 … by Enid Hurwitz

call the opt out # for robocalls.... google it, it's everywhere... there must be an opt out for spam emails also. ask FTC and FCC and any other agency to report. This may stop it completely...if you're serious. sounds awful. good luck!

Thank you. Very important info!

So, My comment is simple---why isn't there more done to stop this? You have the most sophisticated people people working within the US---there should be a cure for this--shame on America for not having the answer!!!

In reply to So, My comment is simple--… by Deborah K Grimm

if this govt wold only pay folks like Snowden more than they've already made, have him and those like him work for the gov, we'd be In much better shape.

I have brighten a few items on line and got scared. It is hard to tell the difference between a legit company and a phoney one.

My 90 year old trusting and naive Mom has been sending 50 + small checks a month to various 'non-profits' associated with USA Cash Draw and other socalled million dollar sweepstakes. The operation is associated with many unfamiliar 'non-profits', giving her the idea that she is helping folks while assuring she will win at least one of the 20,000 prizes. She does not read the fine print, which has a deadline for a specific draw. However, she is already in the habit of sending 'gifts'. Examples are Citizens behind the badge, advancing American freedom, Fund for integrative Cancer treatment and some familiar ones like Am Against Drug abuse.

A second issue is all the political solicitations (she gets six to 12 inch stacks of mail per day. Some scare tactics of Lawyers requesting money - "they have put her on an important congressional committee" that leads her to believe without her money the political job wont get done. I think This is abusive of her and misuse/disrespectful of free speech. Nevertheless, being a generious person and wanting to help, all the solicitation become a burden and upsetting to this senior. Help!

Thank you Patricia Sargent

thanks for the great work you do....I am seeing lots of iCloud scammers trying to get me to reply to emails saying I have won a prize from big name companies like CVS, Lowes, etc .,,, I delete but would like to start reporting these....I am trying but can't figure out an easy way to report these scammers.

In reply to thanks for the great work… by Bess H Parks

Most big companies have email addresses you can forward scam emails to. You can open the companies' legit webpage & search for scam addresses or customer service. Always good to report to FTC as well.

I would add aggressive sales practices from car dealers to the list, the CARS act does not go far enough to protect consumers.

Publishers clearing house scammers keep calling my home. I cuss them out,hang up on them,etc. and it doesn't stop them from calling.

Thought ID theft has highest losses. ?

Why don't we have a govenment service to locate, arrest and shut them down.

Thank you for this information. We seniors are particularly vulnerable to scammers, and this helps us a lot.

I just contacted the FTC because I got a scam e-mail telling me my Social Security Number was used for Drug Trafficking in Texas and New Mexico! I don't even live anywhere these states! FYI... NEVER click on or open these scam e-mails!

I hope law enforcement is treating this like the huge crime wave it is. It is more than an inconvenience or annoyance. I hear stories of people loosing their life savings.

I report most of the email scams, but it takes time. It would be much easier if your program would allow us to forward these without going through the reporting portal. It is a constant battle. I have a call screen on my phone so never answer something I don't recognize, but I have seen texts that I have to block as I know they are scams. There really needs to be a crack down task force working on this. Lots of them are from out of the country.

Emails for payments to Geek Squad, Renewal charges for anti-virus programs like McAfee & Norton, I've dumped & blocked hundreds of them.

It is basically impossible to block the spam emails. Yes, they can be reported to the FTC but only individually, and the form is time consuming. EVERY spam email will have a different phony “From” email, even if there are multiple ones that appear to be from the same sender with same subject matter. There is absolutely no way to stop them. All advice says to just delete them - don’t open or reply. I was getting over 1000 spam emails daily, but interestingly that dropped to about 100-150 daily when I got a new phone. I check and group delete several times a day. Text messages (phone numbers) can at least be blocked. I also refuse cookies or modify them to “strictly necessary”; turning off all marketing and promotional settings. I agree that more aggressive measures are needed.

I have been getting emails from different vendors like Norton security thanking me for the purchase of their service on the day and time of the transaction mostly everyday with different names on them with a phone number for me to call them if I have any questions of the transaction. I just delete them and I have not reported them yet but I will now. Another thing that I have experienced is mostly all the people who walk in front of my door to try to sell some product or service without any proof of the company they represent are fraud and try to get my name and phone number for them to call me later but I do not give it to them. I do not trust no one at all. I get phone calls wanting to know if I have any Master Card and ask me to give them my name and date of birth to make sure it is me and I just hang up on them. I hope this helps somebody and make sure to put a Fraud Alert on your credit report with any of the 3 Credit Bureaus Like Experian.

Consumer education has no chance against fear and greed so ignorance and naivete will continue. Perhaps if the telco's had strong protection against SIM swaps and banks provided more than the weakest forms of 2FA we might have a fighting chance before the data brokers sell our PII to anyone with a credit card.

Please include Scam GAMES claiming PayPal or Cash App payouts. I've followed the game rules and watched HUNDREDS of ads, and as soon as I reached enough to get paid, the site stalls never to reopen, or they want you to do tasks, like spin the wheel 100 times and the error page pops up saying come back tomorrow day after day... granted all that is lost is time, but time is money!

Someone called me today at 5:28 PM, on February 14th, from: caller ID; YELLOWST, 1-307-227-9080, and ask if this was Stephen? They said "Stephen, is this Stephen", I replied "yes this is Stephen". They said then "have a good rest of your day" and abruptly hung up. I searched the number on the internet to try to find out who it was, could not find anything out without paying a fee. So I called them back within about three minutes, it rang a few times then went to a busy signal, I tried twice later that same evening, and got the same answer. I am wondering what kind of scam this is.

How can I know this site isn't a scam?

IMAGES

  1. What is the significance of the numbers and letters in my case number

    what is a case number example

  2. what is a case number example

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  3. eCourts

    what is a case number example

  4. Docket Numbers

    what is a case number example

  5. How do you read a court case number?

    what is a case number example

  6. Immigrant visa case number

    what is a case number example

VIDEO

  1. 4 NUMBER SYSTEM TWO DIGIT NUMBER EXAMPLE 2

  2. 3 NUMBER SYSTEM TWO DIGIT NUMBER EXAMPLE 1

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  5. CASELETS _ SET #5 and SET#6

  6. Patterns and Finding a missing case number

COMMENTS

  1. Court Case Number Format

    Example: Case number 93 1 00042 7 shows that the case was the 42nd criminal case filed in 1993. The check-digit is seven. *Restricted Case Types--not available for public access.

  2. Dockets, Court Documents, Transcripts, and Recordings

    The court the case was filed in, represented by a letter or number. The type of case (e.g. civil, criminal, bankruptcy). A sequence number, randomly assigned to each case as it is filed. To learn how a specific court assigns docket numbers, check: The court's website

  3. Court Dockets, Records, & Rules

    For example, 1:21-cv-5678-MW is the docket number for the 5,678th civil case filed in the year 2021 and assigned to court number 1 and the Honorable Martha Washington. Court records may include the case file containing the docket sheet and all documents filed in the case, as well as other documents generated during the proceedings, including ...

  4. The Court's Case Numbering System

    The full case number (seen on the case assignment form you receive from the Court) will be formatted as follows: Division Code: For statistics tracking and case management purposes, each case number includes a division code, which is the number before the colon. See LR 3-2 for a list of the division codes and their corresponding counties.

  5. Case Number Format

    Civil, Family and Probate Examples Case numbers must be entered in a specific format. For Civil, Family and Probate cases, start with the proper 3 or 4 case style prefix, the 2 digit year and the 6 or 7 digit sequence number. Case Numbers are up to 12 characters long without spaces, dashes or any other characters.

  6. PDF How to Read a Docket

    of the case, and the case number. If you found this case by searching, noting the case number will help you find it more quickly in the future. General Information The next section of the docket sheet is some basic information. For a trial court case this includes the date the initiating document was filed, the judge to whom the case was ...

  7. SCD

    Explanation of Case Numbers Each case has a distinctive number in the following format: A one digit indicator of the division to which the case is assigned. [For example: 3 (Columbia)] A colon and a two digit indicator of the year the case was filed. [For example: 3 :00 (Columbia, 2000)]

  8. What Is a Case Number?

    George Simons | October 19, 2022 Summary: Have you been asked to reference a case number for your debt collection lawsuit? Learn all you need to know about case numbers here. If you're unable to repay your debt and debt collectors exhaust other means of trying to get you to pay the debt, they'll most likely resort to filing a lawsuit against you.

  9. case number Definition, Meaning & Usage

    case number - A unique identification assigned by the court clerk's office to a specific court case, which is used on all related documents

  10. How to easily search and look up dockets

    Step 1: Pull up the dockets page in Westlaw Edge. Simply click on the "Dockets" link, which you can find on the main page in Westlaw Edge under the "Content types" tab. You can also use the global search bar at the top to search for "dockets" and select the appropriate suggestion. Both of these options get you to the same place.

  11. Case Number, What Does It Mean?

    An example of a Complete Number is: 2:11-BK-12345-SK, which indicates that the case was filed in the Los Angeles Division in 2011, is a bankruptcy case (not an adversary proceeding), is number 12345 in that year's sequence, and is assigned to the Honorable Sandra R. Klein. FAQ Type: After Filing Bankruptcy

  12. What is the significance of the number and letters in my case number

    For example, a case filed in Trenton would start with 3. After the division number and colon is the year the case was filed (e.g., 98, 99, 00) and cv for civil, cr for criminal, mc for miscellaneous, and m for magistrate. This is followed by the sequential case number, and then the initials of the presiding judge. Sample Case Number: 3:00-cv-5 ...

  13. USCIS Receipt Number Explained in Simple Terms

    Let's take an example receipt number to explain it: WAC 16 012 50960 Service Center ( WAC 16 012 50960) Every receipt number begins with three letters that represent the service center that received the case. There are several codes for USCIS service centers. They include: CSC - California Service Center

  14. Introduction

    A case citation is a reference to where a case (also called a decision or an opinion ) is printed in a book.The citation can also be used to retrieve cases from Westlaw and Lexis.A case citation consists of a volume number, an abbreviation of the title of the book or other item, and a page number.

  15. How to Find a Case-Type Code

    A case-type code is a set of two letters at the end of a court case number. Each code stands for a type of case. A case is started when a complaint or petition is filed in a Michigan court. The court clerk assigns a case number, and at the end of the case number is the case-type code.

  16. Case Number

    For example a case with the number MNL2001747003 would be a case assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Manila. 2001 is the year in which NVC received the case from the USCIS (formerly INS). The Julian date is 747 plus 500, so this case was created on September 4, 2001, the 247th day of the year.

  17. Citing Cases

    The precise format of a case citation depends on a number of factors, including the jurisdiction, court, and type of case. You should review the rest of this section on citing cases (and the relevant rules in The Bluebook) before trying to format a case citation for the first time.However, the basic format of a case citation is as follows:

  18. 17Th Flcourts

    What is the proper case number format for Criminal, Misdemeanor and Traffic Online searches? Case numbers must be entered in a specific format. Traffic, Misdemeanor and Felony cases consist of 2 digits for the year, a 6 digit sequence number, a 2 letter Division identifier, 2 digit Location and a 1 or 2 letter Companion Designator.

  19. Search by Case Number instead of Party Name

    Search by case number rather than by party name so you will go directly to the case without a charge. Otherwise, if you search for a case by a party name that is fairly common, that may yield a high number of pages. ... For example, if you know your case was filed in Texas, but are unsure which district in Texas, you can search for the case in ...

  20. Interpreting Citations

    Interpreting a Case Citation: An example of a case citation: United States v. Jones, 565 U.S. 400, 132 S.Ct. 945, 181 L.Ed.2d 911 (2012). United States v. Jones. = Names of the parties in the case. (In the trial court, the first name listed is the plaintiff, the party bringing the suit. The name following the "v" is the defendant.

  21. Case Number Example

    Each case number consists of a combination of the case year, case sequence number and case type. For example, case number 2008-56789-DI can be broken down as follows: • The first 4 numbers (2008) is the year of filing . • The next five numbers (56789) is the sequentially assigned number within the year of filing.

  22. Legal Citation Guide: Case Law

    It may also include information about the court and year in which the case was tried. Citation for example above: Use the top set of numbers, 817 P.2d 3 (means Pacific Reporter, 2nd Series, Volume 817, page 3) Becomes: Washington Elementary School District v. Baglino Co., 8 17 P.2d 3 (1991). More case number examples, some with court and year ...

  23. What is my case number?

    The number will appear on documents you receive from this office. It looks something like this: 2020-BLA-00998 or 2019-PER-00795 or 2021-DBA-00250, etc. The first four numbers represent the Fiscal Year in which the case was docketed. The three letters inside the hyphens are an indicator of the case type. For example, the samples above would be ...

  24. The Civil Fraud Ruling on Donald Trump, Annotated

    Justice Engoron is now providing a background of this case. This ruling comes after a three-year investigation by the attorney general's office and the conclusion of a trial that ended last month.

  25. Trump fraud trial: Judge Engoron fines ex-president $454 million

    A New York judge on Friday ordered Donald Trump to pay about $454 million in total penalties as part of his ruling in the former president's civil business fraud trial. The staggering figure ...

  26. Think you know what the top scam of 2023 was? Take a guess

    Here are other takeaways for 2023: Imposter scams. Imposter scams remained the top fraud category, with reported losses of $2.7 billion. These scams include people pretending to be your bank's fraud department, the government, a relative in distress, a well-known business, or a technical support expert. Investment scams.

  27. Public Accounts Committee Sitting. || 20th February 2024

    Public Accounts Committee Sitting. || 20th February 2024