in a defect report

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Defect Report in Software Engineering

Prerequisite: Defect Life Cycle

What is Defect?

A defect in a software product is also known as a bug, error or fault which makes the software produce an unexpected result as per the software requirements. For example; incorrect data, system hangs, unexpected errors, missing or incorrect requirements.

What is Defect Report?

A defect report is a document that has concise details about what defects are identified, what action steps make the defects show up, and what are the expected results instead of the application showing error (defect) while taking particular step by step actions.

Defect reports are usually created by the Quality Assurance team and also by the end-users (customers). Often customers detect more defects and report them to the support team of the software development since the majority of the customers curiously tries out every feature in the application. Now, you know what actually defect and defect reports are.

Why do they Create Defect Reports ? What do they do with them?

1. recognition and keeping records.

The purpose of defect reports is to formally record and disseminate information regarding software defects or issues that have been found.
What They Do: They document the type of problem, where it is located in the code, how to recreate it, what behavior is expected versus what is observed and any additional relevant data.

2. Interaction & Cooperation

The goal of defect reports is to help the development team’s various stakeholders, developers, testers, project managers, and occasionally even end users communicate with one another.
What They Do: They give team members a methodical way to communicate about the flaw, assisting them in understanding the problem, its consequences and its urgency.

3. Client Happiness

End users reports of problems frequently lead to defect reports, which have an adverse effect on customer satisfaction.
What They Do: Addressing user problems and raising overall customer satisfaction levels are facilitated by the prompt and efficient resolution of defects based on the data in the reports.

4. Law and Order

In certain situations, defect reports may be needed for legal or contractual requirements.
What They Do: They facilitate compliance to contractual duties or industry standards by acting as a record of issues and their resolutions.

The reason behind why defect reports are created is to help developers to find out the defects easily and fix them up. A defect report is usually assigned by QA to a developer who then reads the report and reproduces the defects on the software product by following the action steps mentioned in the report. After that, the developer fixes the defects in order to get the desired outcome specified in the report.

That is why the defect reports are important and created carefully. Defect reports should be short, organized, straight to the point and covers all the information that the developer needs to detect the actual defects in the report by doing what and how the one written the defect report detected the defects.

It is usual for QA teams to get defect reports from the clients that are either too short to reproduce and rectify or too long to understand what actually went wrong.

For example,

Defect Description: The application doesn’t work as expected.

Now, how in the world does a developer or QA know what went wrong which doesn’t meet the client expectation?

In such a case, the developer report to the QA that he couldn’t find any problem or he may have fixed any other error but not the actual one client detected. So that’s why it’s really important to create a concise defect report to get bugs fixed.

All right. You have a pretty good idea about what, whys and how’s of a defect report. So it’s time for what is inside the report.

A typical defect report contains the information in an xls Sheet as follows.

1. Defect ID : Nothing but a serial number of defects in the report.

2. Defect Description : A short and clear description of the defect detected.

3. Action Steps : What the client or QA did in an application that results in the defect. Step by step actions they took.

4. Expected Result : What results are expected as per the requirements when performing the action steps mentioned.

5. Actual Result : What results are actually showing up when performing the action steps.

6. Severity : Trivial (A small bug that doesn’t affect the software product usage).

Low – A small bug that needs to be fixed and again it’s not going to affect the performance of the software.
Medium – This bug does affect the performance. Such as being an obstacle to do a certain action. Yet there is another way to do the same thing.
High – It highly impacts the software though there is a way around to successfully do what the bug cease to do.
Critical – These bugs heavily impacts the performance of the application. Like crashing the system, freezes the system or requires the system to restart for working properly.

7. Attachments : A sequence of screenshots of performing the step by step actions and getting the unexpected result. One can also attach a short screen recording of performing the steps and encountering defects. Short videos help developers and/or QA to understand the bugs easily and quickly.

8. Additional information : The platform you used, operating system and version. And other information which describes the defects in detail for assisting the developer understand the problem and fixing the code for getting desired results.

A defect report is a crucial instrument for efficient communication, defect management and general quality control in the software development industry. Its significance goes beyond problem discovery and includes defect resolution throughout its whole lifecycle and supports continuous development process improvement.

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Defect Report

This report, by its very length, defends itself against the risk of being read. Winston Churchill

What is a Defect Report?

A defect report is a document that describes a defect, including its severity, priority, and steps to replicate the problem.

A defect report's primary purpose is to help the developers quickly reproduce and fix the fault.

It is an effective way of communicating and tracking the defect throughout its life cycle.

What does a Bug Report Contain?

Let's take a look at a few basic things a defect report includes

How to write great bug report in five easy steps

Bugs are often stressful and time-consuming. A substandard bug report makes it even more difficult. The good news, however, is that writing a good defect report is easy. Just follow these five uncomplicated guidelines:

Be thorough. Be accurate.

It is frustrating when you see missing or incorrect fields in the bug report. If you are using a bug tracking tool, make the fields mandatory, add validations and remove unnecessary options.

Write a clear title.

Write a title that clearly states the defect in one line. In our bug tracker, we have often seen multiple bugs with the same title: "Error on the project dashboard." The problem with such a description is that it does not describe the defect at all. It is better to write a title that effectively summarizes the issue. For example:

Incorrect invoice total on the project dashboard.
Project dashboard incorrectly displays chart in Chrome browser.
Resizing the project dashboard results in a javascript error.

Be specific.

Bugs descriptions are often general, but in reality, they are not. They are usually very specific. The result is that even after following the steps, the developer cannot replicate the problem; neither can the person who reported it. An opportunity to fix a defect is lost.

Let's take a real-world example from one of our bug reports.

The tester wrote the following steps:

Log in as a user.
Click on the user's photo. Click on Profile.
Change the language.

The developer responded that he couldn't reproduce the problem. The tester couldn't either and spent a lot of time replicating it again.

The problem happened when users switched their language from French to Arabic. The tester, however, thought it happened whenever users changed their interface language. It would have been better if the tester was specific about the facts and wrote something like:

Login as Peter Parker (Include: login url/username/password)
Change the language to Arabic .

Be concise.

Stick to the point and avoid unnecessary details. It is frustrating when developers have to spend time separating the signal and the noise. Testers, wanting to help, often overthink and include things that are unrelated to the problem. Just be specific in reporting the facts, and you should be fine.

Attach screenshots and videos.

A picture speaks a thousand words they say. A great screenshot or video enables you to be specific without being verbose. Thankfully, many tools are now available that allow you to capture screenshots and videos conveniently.

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How to Write a Good Defect Report? | Writing Great Bug Report

A good defect report should enable the developer and management to comprehend the issue. If a tester is not reporting a bug correctly, then the programmer will most likely reject this bug stating it as “not reproducible”. Guidelines to consider while writing great defect reports include following points:

All the relevant information must be provided with the bug report

Use simple sentences to describe the bug. Expert testers regard bug reporting as a skill. Here are some helpful tips to master writing great defect reports.

Report reproducible bugs:

The tester must ensure that the bug is reproducible while reporting a bug. The tester must mention the steps to reproduce the bug and add all the prerequisites for the execution of steps and any test data details to the bug.

Be concise and clear:

Try to summarize the issue in a few words, brief but comprehensive. Avoid writing lengthy descriptions of the problem.
Describe the issue in pointers and avoid paragraphs. It’s essential to provide all the relevant information, and it helps the developers to understand the issue without any additional to and fro of the bug.
The developer must clearly understand the underlying problem with the bug report.

Report bugs early:

It is important to report bugs as soon as you find them. Reporting the bug early will help the team fix the bug early and help deliver the product before.

Avoid Spelling mistakes and language errors:

Proofread all the sentences and check the issue description for spelling and grammatical errors. If required, one can use third-party tools, for example. Grammarly. It will help the developer understand the bug without ambiguity and misrepresentation.

Documenting intermittent issues:

Sometimes, all bugs need to be reproducible. You must have observed that sometimes a mobile app crashes, and you must restart the app to continue. These types of bugs are not reproducible every time.

Testers must try to make a video of the bug in such scenarios and attach it to the report. A video is often more helpful than a screenshot because it will include details of steps that are difficult to document.

Avoid duplication of bugs:

While raising a bug, one must ensure that the bug is not duplicating an already-reported bug. Also, check the list of known and open issues before submitting bugs. Reporting duplicate bugs could cost the same effort for developers, thus impacting the testing life cycle.

Create separate bugs for unrelated issues:

One cannot close a bug unless all the reported issues within it are resolved. Therefore, separate bugs should be created if the issues are not related to each other.

Don’t use an authoritative tone:

While documenting the bug, avoid using a commanding tone, harsh words, or making fun of the developer. A good bug report aims to help the developer and the management understand the bug and its impact on the system. The more accurate and detailed the bug report is, the more quickly and effectively the bug can be resolved.

Essential Features in Bug Report

Various bug reporting tools, like Jira , Bugzilla , Azure DevOps , and Asana , are available in the market. Depending on the project cost, one must select the bug reporting tool. Excel or Word can also be used for reporting bugs for small projects. Irrespective of the bug logging tools, the tester must capture some details in the bug report.

Below are the essential details that should be mentioned while creating a bug report:

Each bug should be given a unique identification number. Bug reporting tools automatically provide a unique number to the newly raised bugs. This field helps to identify the bug quickly.

A summary of the issue should be provided. The summary should be a concise statement that helps to identify the problem. Bug titles should be easy to understand, which would help pinpoint the issue quickly. A good bug summary allows managers to review the bugs quickly during the bug review meetings.

3. Description

The description should be provided in the bug to help the developer understand the bug. It should be in simple language that a developer can understand easily. All the details about the environment and the type of user privileges must be mentioned.

4. Test Steps

Test steps are a detailed description of the exact steps taken to replicate an issue and should be included when reporting a problem. They provide the necessary information for developers to identify and debug any issues. Test steps should be written clearly and concisely, outlining each step in detail so the developer can easily follow it.

5. Expected Results

Developers must mention expected results corresponding to failed steps, which will help them know the exact behavior to adapt while fixing the bug. This section will also be helpful while retesting the bug.

6. Actual Results

The actual result of the test steps must be mentioned. Regardless of the outcome, documenting what happened to conclude the result will help improve future scenarios.

7. Reporter:

Bug reporting tools automatically fetch the name and email of the reporter of the bug. This helps the developer or reviewer to identify who reported the bug quickly. Developers can contact the reporter if any discussion is required around the bug.

8. Reported date:

Mention the date when raising the bug to identify the release where the bug occurred.

9. Assignee:

The product owner or development manager should be assigned the bug. They can review the bug and plan the fix per the team member’s bandwidth and module expertise. Developers can pick bugs according to priority when they leave some cases unassigned and add them to the bugs queue.

10. Severity

The tester defines it for bugs depending upon the impact on the application. Severity can be as follows:

i. Blocker: Blocks development and testing work and the actual use of the system/product. ii. Significant: Major loss of function, with no workaround; other parts of the product/system still work. iii. Average: Normal loss of function or other problems with a problematic workaround. iv.Minor: Minor loss of function or other problem where a workaround is current for the functionality

11. Priority

The tester/product owner defines it as a bug, considering its severity, probability, business needs, time, and resources available.

i. Critical: Bugs that are mission-critical to the application’s core functionality and for which there are no workarounds. ii. Urgent: Bugs related to the application’s core functionality must be fixed urgently within the sprint. The team can fix bugs that do not affect critical user functionality and have workarounds at the next sprint. iv. Standard: Bugs that do not interfere with core functionality are just annoyances that may or may not ever be fixed. v. Low: Whatever gets defined as low might be kept in the backlog and closed as a known issue.

12. Component

Sometimes, an application is classified into multiple modules mentioned under the component field when a bug is reported. It becomes easier to analyze which module has problems. When bugs are assigned with the corresponding components mentioned, it becomes easier for the development manager to set the bug to respective team members based on their areas of expertise.

13. Affected Version

It is the version of the application on which the bug is reported. Knowing the exact application version can also provide valuable insight into how widespread the bug may be and what other users may be experiencing. Having this information available can save time and resources when working to resolve any potential issues with an application.

14. Fix Version

It is the application’s version on which the bug is fixed. When a tester identifies a bug, they can update the application version to fix it. This requires careful consideration of the code and any potential changes that may be necessary.

The tester retests the application once the bug is set to ensure it works as expected. If there are any issues, they can be addressed and corrected before releasing the new version of the software.

15. Date Closed

It is the date the bug is closed by the testing team. Closing a bug is an integral part of the software testing process. The date a bug is closed is recorded in the bug tracking system, along with any notes regarding how it was resolved and who was responsible for fixing it.

This information can be used as reference material for future troubleshooting efforts and as a record of progress toward improving software quality.

16. Target version

It is the application’s version on which a bug is targeted to be fixed. When developers work on fixing a bug, they usually target a specific application version. This allows them to focus on resolving the issue in that particular version while ensuring other versions are unaffected by any changes they make.

By targeting a specific version of an application, developers can ensure that all users running that version will receive the bug fix and benefit from it.

A software bug undergoes a cycle and receives a status based on its position in the cycle. For instance, a new bug has an open status.. Later, it goes through various stages like In Progress, Fixed, Won’t Fix, Accepted, Reopen, Verified, etc. These stages vary following different bug reporting tools.

18. Attachments

Attach screenshots, videos, and logs for any failed steps. Highlight the issues in the screenshots to help developers visualize them quickly. Use videos and logs to recreate the issue with the necessary steps.

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How to Write a Defect Report: Insights from ISTQB

To guarantee the delivery of high-quality software products, the fault detection and reporting procedure is essential. Testers must follow industry-recognised standards and techniques in order to properly communicate and handle concerns as software systems become more sophisticated. This Blog will examine how to create a thorough defect report using tips from the prestigious ISTQB (International Software Testing Qualifications Board), a Software Testing Certification body. We’ll go into detail about the essential components of a well-structured Defect Report ISTQB and discuss how using ISTQB recommendations may improve the standard of your reporting.

Table of Contents

Understanding ISTQB’s Importance in Software Testing

The importance of the ISTQB’s Software Testing Certification must be acknowledged before getting into the intricacies of a Defect Report. As a well-known organisation worldwide, ISTQB offers an organised and standardised approach to software testing. A tester who has earned an ISTQB certification is more credible and has access to best practices and guidelines for the industry.

The Essence of a Defect Report

A defect report plays a vital role between testers, developers, and stakeholders. It is a formal document that outlines the specifics of a found software problem. A well-written Defect Report not only assists in addressing the problem but also improves the general quality of the product. One must follow the ISTQB’s advised procedure while writing a Defect Report to be effective.

Key Components of a Defect Report

Below are the Components of a defect report:

Give the report a title that briefly describes the defect’s nature while being descriptive. Include a special defect number or identification next for quick tracking and reference.
The ISTQB emphasises giving each flaw a severity and priority level. Priority and severity refer to how much of an impact the flaw has on the system’s operation and how quickly it has to be fixed.
Mention the precise software release, operating system, hardware, and any other pertinent configuration information where the flaw was discovered. Developers can effectively isolate the issue with the help of this information.
Indicate in detail how the software’s predicted behaviour should differ from the behaviour that was actually experienced. This makes it easier for developers to comprehend the functionality that is planned.
Record the actual programme behaviour that demonstrates the alleged flaw. In your description, be factual and unbiased.
Give developers a step-by-step manual on duplicating the flaw so they can follow your directions precisely.
Include the tester’s name and contact information who reported the flaw. This makes it easier to communicate and clarify things as needed.

Benefits of Following ISTQB Guidelines

Following the ISTQB recommendations while drafting Defect Reports has various benefits:

By ensuring that all Defect Reports adhere to a uniform structure, the STQB standardisation process makes it simpler for stakeholders and developers to comprehend and analyse the data.
Testers may successfully explain the intricacies of the fault, lowering the likelihood of misconceptions by offering thorough explanations, accompanying documentation, and explicit procedures to replicate.
The smoother communication between testers and developers is made possible by ISTQB principles, which promote an effective and harmonious workplace.

A key component of the software testing process is creating an effective defect report. The Software Testing Certification from the ISTQB offers useful tips for producing thorough and uniform Defect Reports. Testers may improve the precision and effectiveness of their defect reporting by adhering to the ISTQB criteria, which will result in greater software quality and customer satisfaction. Adopting these procedures strengthens the position of testers during the development process and helps software projects succeed as a whole.

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How to write an effective software defect report

What is a defect?

What exactly is a defect? In the context of software systems and software projects, any application where the result requirement that was supposed to be there, but is missing is considered as a defect. An incorrect requirement can also become a defect. Or when there is something on the site that is not supposed to be there, also becomes a defect.

From QA engineer point of view, any kind of enhancement suggestions that a QA has to make in order to improve the system is called as defect or bug.

A lot of times, the missing, incorrect, or extra requirement are things that do not require a lot of explanation or are pretty clear from the beginning. Defects do not necessarily mean that something is wrong with only the application. Beginners usually have trouble identifying bugs because they are under the impression that if it is a defect there will be something very obvious about it, like the page will not be found out; the link gets broken; or something like that. But that is not always the case. In fact, the best effects are the ones that are hard to see and are not so obvious.

Writing an effective software defect report-guideline:

Before starting off, make sure that the defect you found is indeed a valid defect. It is a good idea to have a very thorough understanding of the requirements so that a QA engineer will be able to make informed and educated decision on whether or not a certain behaviour can be construed as a defect.

Some of the important features of an effective software defect report shall be:

Conclusion:

We always tend to think that communication stops at being able to talk well, compose an email or to do some presentation well- but communication actually starts when you are trying to send an information to another team and defect report is one of the most critical of all. Why? Because you will be sharing information or data with an external team, So, make sure that when you're providing the information with the exact intent and are using your words accurately. Do not ever send a bug report that has less information than necessary. That is why QA engineers or people associated with QA field need excellent communication skills.

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Defect Report in ISTQB - Explained

Curious to learn what is a Defect Report in ISTQB? Read this blog to learn the components, Defect Lifecycle, best practices and more about Defect Reporting.

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In this blog, you will learn how to become the various stages of a Defect Report in ISTQB as well as the defect life cycle. Continue reading to learn more!

Table of Contents

1) Defect Reporting in ISTQB

2) Components of a Defect Report

3) Defect lifecycle and workflow

4) Best practices for Defect Reporting

5) Conclusion

Defect Reporting in ISTQB

Defect Reporting in ISTQB is a systematic approach to identifying and documenting discrepancies or defects within software. Its primary purpose is to enable clear communication and effective tracking of software defects throughout the testing process. By adhering to ISTQB guidelines for Defect Reporting, testers can ensure that defects are properly documented, prioritised, and resolved, ultimately leading to improved software quality.

Components of a Defect Report

A Defect Report consists of several key components, each serving a specific purpose in accurately describing and reporting the identified defect. The structure of a Defect Report typically includes the following elements:

Defect identification: Each Defect Report should have a unique identifier assigned to it. This identifier helps in tracking and referencing the defect throughout the testing and development lifecycle. Additionally, a meaningful title and appropriate categorisation of the defect are important for clear communication and effective prioritisation.

Detailed description: A detailed and concise description of the defect is essential for developers to understand and reproduce the issue. It should provide a clear understanding of the problem and its impact on the software's functionality. Testers should strive to include relevant information, such as steps to reproduce the defect, making it easier for developers to pinpoint the issue.

Reproducibility and environment: To ensure effective troubleshooting and resolution, it is vital to specify the reproducibility of the defect. Testers should indicate whether the issue occurs consistently or intermittently. Additionally, providing details about the software and hardware environment in which the defect was observed can help narrow down the root cause.

Actual and expected results: An accurate representation of the actual and expected behaviour is crucial in a Defect Report. Testers should describe the observed behaviour that deviates from what was expected, and clearly articulate the expected behaviour based on the software's specifications. Including relevant evidence, such as screenshots or log files, can further support the understanding of the defect.

ISTQB, the International Software Testing Qualifications Board, has a significant impact on Defect Reporting by providing standardised guidelines and practices that promote effective defect management. Here are some ways in which ISTQB influences Defect Reporting:

Common terminology and processes: ISTQB establishes a common terminology and set of processes for Defect Reporting. This ensures that testers and other stakeholders involved in software testing have a shared understanding of defect-related concepts and procedures.

Defect Reporting guidelines: ISTQB provides guidelines and best practices for Defect Reporting. These guidelines outline the essential elements that should be included in a Defect Report, such as defect identification, detailed description, steps to reproduce, and attachments.

Defect classification and prioritisation: ISTQB offers a standardised defect classification scheme, allowing testers to categorise defects based on their nature and impact. This classification helps in prioritising defects and determining the order in which they should be addressed.

Defect lifecycle management: ISTQB defines a defect lifecycle, which encompasses various stages from defect identification to closure. This lifecycle provides a structured approach for managing defects throughout the testing process. It outlines the responsibilities of different stakeholders, such as testers, developers, and managers, at each stage of the defect resolution process.

Integration with test management tools: ISTQB emphasises the integration of Defect Reporting with test management tools. Test management tools offer features specifically designed for defect tracking and reporting, allowing testers to efficiently manage and monitor the status of reported defects.

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Defect lifecycle and workflow

The defect lifecycle encompasses several stages and throughout this lifecycle, effective tracking and monitoring of defects are necessary to ensure timely resolution and maintain a clear overview of the defect status. Collaboration between testers and developers is crucial, as they work together to address and resolve the reported defects.

1) Defect identification: Testers identify and document defects during the testing process.

2) Defect analysis and prioritisation: Defects are analysed, categorised, and prioritised based on their impact and severity.

3) Defect fixing: Developers address the reported defects and provide fixes.

4) Defect verification: Testers retest the fixed defects to ensure successful resolution.

5) Defect closure: Defects that have been verified and confirmed as resolved are marked as closed.

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Best practices for Defect Reporting

To optimise Defect Reporting in ISTQB, following best practices is highly recommended. These practices include:

Clear and concise descriptions: Providing clear and concise descriptions helps developers understand the defect quickly and accurately. Including relevant details, such as error messages or log entries, can assist in the investigation and resolution process.

Accurate and reproducible steps : Documenting the steps to reproduce the defect in a precise and reproducible manner is vital. Testers should pay attention to the sequence of actions, input values, and any prerequisites required to recreate the issue.

Prioritisation and categorisation: Assigning appropriate priorities and categories to defects ensures that high-impact and critical issues receive the necessary attention. Proper categorisation allows for efficient tracking and analysis of defects.

Including relevant attachments: Attachments such as screenshots, log files, or test data can provide additional context and assist in defect understanding and resolution. Testers should attach relevant artifacts that aid developers in reproducing and diagnosing the defect.

Conclusion

Defect Reporting in ISTQB is a fundamental aspect of software testing that contributes to the overall quality of software products. By following these practices, software teams can streamline their defect management processes and ultimately deliver more reliable and high-quality software products.

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Software Testing Life Cycle(STLC)
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Test Cases in Testing
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Defect Management Process
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Defect Reporting in Software Testing

What is defect report.

DEFECT REPORT, also known as Bug Report, is a document that identifies and describes a defect detected by a tester. The purpose of a defect report is to state the problem as clearly as possible so that developers can replicate the defect easily and fix it.

ISTQB Definition

defect report: Documentation of the occurrence, nature, and status of a defect.

Additional Information about Defects / Bugs

While testing a software application or product if large number of defects are found then it’s called Buggy.

When a tester finds a bug or defect it’s required to convey the same to the developers. Thus they report bugs with the detail steps and are called as Bug Reports, issue report, problem report, etc.

Defect Reporting Tools:

Clear Quest
Quality Center etc.

Defect Report Template

In most companies, a defect tracking tool is used and the elements of a defect report can vary from one tool to the other. However, in general, a defect report can consist of the following elements.

Defect ID – Every bug or defect has it’s unique identification number
Defect Description – This includes the abstract of the issue.
Product Version – This includes the product version of the application in which the defect is found.
Detail Steps – This includes the detailed steps of the issue with the screenshots attached so that developers can recreate it.
Date Raised – This includes the Date when the bug is reported
Reported By – This includes the details of the tester who reported the bug like Name and ID
Status – This field includes the Status of the defect like New, Assigned, Open, Retest, Verification, Closed, Failed, Deferred, etc.
Fixed by – This field includes the details of the developer who fixed it like Name and ID
Date Closed – This includes the Date when the bug is closed
Severity – Based on the severity (Critical, Major or Minor) it tells us about impact of the defect or bug in the software application
Priority – Based on the Priority set (High/Medium/Low) the order of fixing the defect can be made. (Know more about Severity and Priority)

Reporting Defects Effectively

It is essential that you report defects effectively so that time and effort is not unnecessarily wasted in trying to understand and reproduce the defect. Here are some guidelines:

Specify the exact action: Instead of just saying “Generate the financial report.”, you might want to say “(1) Go to Reports page. (2) Select ‘Financial Report’. (3) Click ‘Generate’”
In case of multiple paths, mention the exact path you followed: Do not say something like “If you do ‘A and X’ or ‘B and Y’ or ‘C and Z’, you get D.” Understanding all the paths at once will be difficult. Instead, say “Do ‘A and X’ and you get D.” You can, of course, mention elsewhere in the report that “D can also be got if you do ‘B and Y’ or ‘C and Z’.”
Do not use vague pronouns: Do not say something like “In ApplicationA, open X, Y, and Z, and then close it.” What does the ‘it’ stand for? ‘Z’ or, ‘Y’, or ‘X’ or ‘ApplicationA’?”
Provide more information (not less). In other words, do not be lazy. Developers may or may not use all the information you provide but they sure do not want to beg you for any information you have missed.
Do not make subjective statements like “This is a lousy application” or “You fixed it real bad.”
Stick to the facts and avoid the emotions.
Do not be impatient and file a defect report as soon as you uncover a defect. Replicate it at least once more to be sure. (If you cannot replicate it again, try recalling the exact test condition and keep trying. However, if you cannot replicate it again after many trials, finally submit the report for further investigation, stating that you are unable to reproduce the defect anymore and providing any evidence of the defect if you had gathered. )
Do not hit ‘Submit’ as soon as you write the report. Review it at least once. Remove any typos.

Defect Report Example

Defect Report

Defect id :
Project Name :
Module Name :
Sub Module Name :
Type of Defect : (wrong, missing or extra)
Status : (New, open, assign, fix)
Severity : (high, medium, low)
Priority : (high, medium, low)
Description : (Steps To Reproduce)
Expected Result :
Actual Results :
Reported By :
Assign To :

Date & Time:

Example: Defect Report for Employee Login Page

Defect id: D001
Project Name: MyASP
Module Name: Login
Sub Module Name: Employee Login
Type of Defect: Missing
Status: New
Severity: High
Summary: Employee Login Page Not Opening
Click On the Employee Login Option
Expected Result: Employee login page should get open
Actual Results: Employee login page does not get open
Reported By: ABC Tester
Assign To: XYZ Developer

Date & Time: 29/10/2020

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Defect Identification and Reporting 101

Identifying and reporting defects are critical skills for a QA tester. Here are some tips for finding more defects and preparing accurate, helpful reports to get them resolved.

A large part of a QA tester’s job responsibility is identifying and reporting defects. Writing defect reports is a critical QA skill that requires the ability to describe with relevant detail the exact steps to reproduce the defect. A well-written defect must be understood by not only developers trying to find and fix the issue but also product and development managers who schedule when and where defects are fixed.

Creating a defect report that clearly describes the problem and the steps to find it is essential. Developers must understand clearly what the problem is as well as where it is to properly create a fix.

QA testers need to get creative and use investigative testing to find defects hidden below the UI surface. Expand your defect identification potential by testing beyond the happy path or expected results and testing deeper to find additional defects.

This guide provides information on testing techniques for identifying non-superficial defects, and tips for reporting defects accurately and understandably.

Key Takeaways

What is investigative testing?
Why is detailed information important for an accurate defect report?
What are the important sections to include in a defect report?
Discover how to leverage browser developer tools to find hidden defects.

What is Investigative Testing?

Investigative testing is using a variety of testing techniques to reveal defects in the UI or hidden behind the UI of an application. It’s a method of testing that requires creativity and a willingness to break applications. Investigative testers test to find defects rather than confirm functionality.

Testing techniques employed for investigative testing include:

Creating a mind map around functional areas and test looking for integrations with databases, APIs and third-party software
Testing application functionality beyond the expected result and try to break the application and trigger errors or crashes
Testing for missing error messaging by finding errors that don’t inform the user or redirect users back to a working portion of the application
Attempting to interrupt database or other backend processing
Using invalid data, data types and work backward through the application
Performing unexpected and unplanned actions

Mind mapping is a useful testing technique that allows a tester to flush out various application workflows and functional paths. Mind maps can be simple drawings and text on paper or done using a tool that creates a digital map. The purpose of a mind map is to write out all the possible workflows, steps or procedures within an application. Include configuration settings, customizable options and a variety of data types. Cover all possible scenarios.

Try to find scenarios outside the expected or happy path. Discover non-logical workflows through the application. For example, click buttons or links multiple times in rapid succession. Use the infamous back button on the browser and see how the application responds. Click like you haven’t clicked before, repeatedly and rapidly. Find out if the application can handle users clicking buttons in a variety of invalid patterns and at different speeds.

Investigative testing is easier the more experienced the tester is with an application or application group. Use your testing knowledge and experience with an application to find hidden defects in areas where code may be more complex and prone to defects.

Also, rely on your understanding of individual developer tendencies and habits. For example, some developers test their code first, while others do not. Many developers are careful reading user stories and requirement descriptions, others are in a hurry and often miss critical details. All the missed requirement details are likely defects or create defects further within the application.

Investigate application functionality around connectivity points. APIs, databases, messaging systems and third-party software are often used to send SMS and email notifications. Test around API connections and data requirements. See if you can alter an incoming transfer or create data that’s invalid to force an API failure. Investigate application steps that impact user documents and input forms. Find out if you can remove, change, overwrite or even delete data.

New code deployments offer a unique opportunity to test authentication and perform basic security tests. Test to confirm new users can be created and configured to various authentication levels. Test to find out if, when users have a role and authentication mismatch, are they still able to log in? Are they accessing the correct security level based on role and configuration settings? Dig in to find defects in unexpected or rarely tested places.

Tips for Leveraging Browser Developer Tools to Find Defects

If the applications you test run on a browser, you can leverage the tool’s logs to find defects that are hidden from displaying in the UI. Developer tools exist on all browsers and can be found typically under the tools or options menus. For example, the Chrome browser has a developer tool that consists of real-time logs for a variety of functions within an application.

Chrome developer tools create logs on several tabs including:

Performance
Application

The Console, Network and Elements tabs are the most useful for QA testers. Each of these tabs runs logs for errors continuously. Each will display and indicate errors with some explanatory details as to cause and location. You’ll notice many of the errors never display in the application UI, but they are defects all the same.

The Elements tab can be used to drill into the code and investigate the properties of various application elements. Test to see if you can set an element to an invalid state and see how the application responds. For testers without log files generated by an application, the browser developer tools offer a valid opportunity to investigate and find hidden defects that don’t always display within the application UI.

Why is Detailed Information Important for an Accurate Defect Report?

Including specific, relevant and accurate details is essential for creating a clear understanding of a defect and how to generate it. The details hold the key for a developer trying to find and fix an issue effectively. Accurate details help developers understand what the issue is, where it may be in the code and how to fix it. After all, locating broken code lines in an often complex code base is not an easy task.

The only way to fix a bug correctly is by writing a defect report that is accurate, precise and detailed. Understand that when defect reports contain inaccuracies or are missing information, developers may not fully understand the problem. Either they’ll not fix it, or they’ll create a secondary defect by altering code unnecessarily.

Clarity and accuracy in defect reports are critical to helping developers maintain high-quality applications efficiently. Save your developers time and frustration by creating detailed and accurate defect reports.

What are the Important Sections to Include in a Defect Report?

A well-written defect report includes the following:

Unique defect ID
Defect reporter’s name and contact information
Application name and version
Test server or environment
Browser and OS if applicable, include version numbers for both
Reproducible set to Yes, No or Random
Link to test case if applicable
Screenshots, videos, log files or other relevant attachments
Configuration settings used
Steps to reproduce including expected result and actual result
Severity or priority
Troubleshooting notes

When writing a defect report never assume the reader understands the application functionality fully. Don’t skip steps or leave out configuration or setting details that impact the ability to reproduce the defect. Steps to reproduce must include actual and expected results as well as clear, specific and accurate step details.

For expected and actual results, include why the actual results are defective. Don’t leave it up to the reader to extract the defect. State why the defect is an issue. Add in your troubleshooting notes if applicable. Troubleshooting notes help developers understand what you’ve investigated and helps them identify the root cause instead of what may be a single symptom.

Attach log files, screenshots or videos when relevant to describing or explaining the defect. Files that don’t contribute to understanding and identifying a defect are noise. Leave it out if it doesn’t count. The clearer the communication in a defect report, the more likely the defect can be located and fixed efficiently and accurately.

Defect identification and reporting are core and critical functions of QA testing. Both contribute significantly to the quality of an application and the efficiency of a software development team. Go above and beyond by using investigative testing techniques to find more defects. Once you find defects, get them fixed the first time by creating clear, detailed and accurate defect reports.

Do you need a solid, quality codeless test automation tool for your development and QA teams? Prefer the simplicity of a cloud-based service? Create effective and efficient codeless test automation using Test Studio from Progress Telerik. Keep tests and teams productive with Test Studio.

Amy Reichert

A QA test professional with 23+ years of QA testing experience within a variety of software development teams, Amy Reichert has extensive experience in QA process development & planning, team leadership/management, and QA project management. She has worked on multiple types of software development methodologies including waterfall, agile, scrum, kanban and customized combinations. Amy enjoys continuing to improve her software testing craft by researching and writing on a variety of related topics. In her spare time, she enjoys gardening, cat management and the outdoors.

How to prevent bugs, bug reporting—writing for an audience, why digital products should always solicit feedback and bug reports from users, all articles.

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ArtOfTesting

Manual Testing

Defect and Defect Report Template

Last updated on July 28, 2023

What is a Defect?

A defect or a bug is an error in a program that causes the application to perform in an unintended manner, deviating from its requirements.

Defects are assigned different priority and severity values.

Based on the urgency of fixing the defect, we assign priority to them. We can classify them on a scale of P0 to P3, with the P0 defect having the most urgency to fix.
Also, the defects can be classified based on their criticality or the impact on the functionality. Depending on the organization, we can have different levels of defect severity ranging from minor to critical or show-stopper.

To report a bug we have different Defect Management Tools like – Jira, Mantis, Bugzilla, etc. Next, we will see the different components of a Defect Report.

Defect Reporting Template

DefectId – A unique identifier of the defect.
Summary – A one-line summary of the defect, more like a defect title.
Description – A detailed description of the defect.
Build Version – Version of the build or release in which defect is found.
Steps to reproduce – The steps to reproduce the defect.
Expected Behavior – The expected behavior from which the application is deviating because of the defect.
Actual Behavior – The current erroneous state of the application w.r.t. the defect.
Priority – Based on the urgency of the defect, this field can be set on a scale of P0 to P3.
Severity – Based on the criticality of the defect, this field can be set to minor, medium, major or show stopper.
Reported By – Name of the QA, reporting the defect.
Reported On – The date on which the defect was raised.
Assigned To – The person to whom the defect is assigned in its current state. It can be the developer fixing the defect, the QA for verification of the fixed defect or the manager approving the defect.
Current Status – The current status of the defect (one of the states of the defect life cycle).
Environment – The environment in which the defect is found – release, staging, production, etc.

That’s all I have in this post, feel free to ask any question in the comments. Check out the complete software testing tutorial here.

Software Testing Tutorial

Testsigma introduction

Life cycle of a defect, 2 thoughts on “defect and defect report template”.

Hi kuldeep i appreciate your efforts. please make tutorials on salesforce admin concepts.

Thanks, Nandini, but I don’t possess the necessary knowledge for Salesforce Admin concepts.

Ten Principles of Creating Effective Defect Reports

Download Link for your Favorite Presentation is at the End of this Page **************************************************************************** Ten Principles of Creating Effective Defect Reports

Defect reports are the most important outcome of any testing effort. These are equally important like a test plan and have quite significant effect on the product quality compared to many other testing deliverables.

An effective defect report certainly helps the tester in getting a much better response from the developers.

A good tester is the one who does not aspire to write a perfect defect report, but aims to write a defect report that is having following Four Simple Attributes like:

Attribute-1: It must be effective

Attribute-2 : It must communicate the adequate message

Attribute-3: It must be sufficient to get the required job done

Attribute-4: It should be able to simplify the process for all concerned

To pump in the above four attributes in a defect report, Ten Basic Principles are being described here. Their prime objective is to lay maximum focus on “Attribute � 1”

1) Must be Short & Brief: It must not display your excellence of writing skills with Shakespearean English. The objective must be that

# Whatever we need to say must be brief & must be clear. # It should be free from complicated words. # It should not be packed with unwanted information. Contents must be absolutely relevant. # It should not have too much of Information, most of which might not be useful.

Remember that irrelevant information is more troublesome compared to too little useful information.

2) Must be Precisely Defined: Ensure that only the real bugs are reported. Think carefully & do the proper homework to eliminate the possibility of reporting some product misunderstanding or some user error etc. In the absence of an intelligent homework prior to writing the problems, your credibility can be at stake.

Following rules of thumb shall be helpful while reporting problems. a) Do not over report as well as do not under report. b) Be courageous to report the genuine problems. c) If you happen to report a problem incorrectly & discovered the error later, try to learn from it. d) When in doubt about the validity of some problem, never have hesitation in consulting another experienced tester or even the developer.

Following considerations will be helpful while writing up the problem:

# Whether the problem is due to any issue related to setup � like it might be due to installation of improper versions or the use the incorrect login, violation of security aspects, use of incorrect command or incorrect sequence of tasks etc.

# Whether the problem is due to incomplete cleanup or due to incomplete results, due to manual interruption by some of the previous tests etc.

# Whether the problem is due to network or some other environment related issues.

3) Be objective & neutral: The problem must be defined objectively & with a neutral attitude. There should not be any place of personal emotions & humor in your reporting. Many a times we get so much impulsive to report while taking a problem as funny from our viewpoint & don�t realize that our emotional reporting is liable to create serious barrier in healthy communication and will hamper the teamwork.

Try to redraft the comments � even if you are rightly able to contradict the developers & are having strong evidence to support your viewpoint. Never ever try to write comments that do not communicate any useful information, rather liable to be taken as accusations against any individual.

If you desire to be respected & increase your credibility, study all your comments & the problem description carefully prior to reporting.

4) Describe the problem precisely & explicitly: Instead of providing just the description as to what had happened; try to describe the problem precisely and explicitly.

Following tips will be helpful while describing the problem: # The headline description must reveal the problem from your viewpoint.

# Avoid providing series of your actions and results in description statements.

# In case the description happens to be long, try to provide the summary of the problem in its beginning itself.

# Never think that your conclusions will always match with that of others.

# Write the problem description with an objective that it should not be misunderstood in any case.

5) Isolate the problems: The difference between a good tester & a novice is that the former puts in good amount of effort in isolating the problem.

Following tips will be helpful in isolating the problem:

# Write down the simple & short series of steps to reproduce the problem detected by you.

# Use your expertise to confirm if the problem has arisen due to something not concerned with the particular code. For instance a network problem might be the cause of a system delay or hang-ups etc., while you might be on the verge of reporting it as a problem related to the code.

# Try to pinpoint the specific input responsible for causing the problem. In case of multiple input conditions in the tests, try to change the inputs one by one to isolate the problematic one.

# The specific problematic input must be a part of the problem description as far as possible.

Remember that, If you are able to isolate the problem effectively, you will save considerable amount of time while verifying its fix.

6) Generalize the problem: As a tester when a problem is noticed by you, try to find out if the problem happens to be more of a general nature compared to what it appears. Remember that a special problem will require specialized fix while a general problem obviously require a more generalized fix.

Ask yourself as to what have you done to understand – how general your problem is?. A proper homework to identify a generalized case before writing your report will save the developer a considerable amount of time, so that he can plan a much better fix for a general case instead of fixing it the way otherwise reported by you.

7) Identify essentials to re-create the problem: It is quite significant to be able to re-create the problem. Although it is not always easy to re-create some of the bugs, do not make a mistake of making an assumption that you will be able to re-create the bug any time without actually verifying that it can be re-created.

If you are not able to re-create the problem due to any reason, it is wise to make notes in the defect remarks & try to provide maximum relevant information to the developer responsible for making its fix.

Sometimes when recreation of problem state is not feasible, you may like to invite the developer to practically inspect the system during such a state before performing a cleanup operation to restore the system. It is possible that the developer might be interested in capturing some more information during such problem state.

However when it is possible to re-create the problem, you need to describe all steps, including file names, syntax exactly used & all sequences followed when the problem was encountered & repeat such steps once again to re-create the problem. List down the details of easiest & the shortest method, conditions & environment to re-create the problem. 8) Identify the effect on the client: Try to make the best possible judgment on the likely impact, if the bug happens to get noticed under the customer environment.

For example, typographical error on a window might be of a very minor nature, but keeps on irritating the users, hence need to be fixed before the product is shipped. Never try to push the defect without proper understanding of the gravity of its seriousness & its likely effect on the customer.

9) Information for debugging: Make a comprehensive document listing out the complete information like captured logs, dumps, traces etc that would be helpful to the developer in debugging the problem. Provide every useful information to the developer. Such an information must be an important attachment to the defect report.

10) Provide documentary evidence of problem: Remember that others need to be convinced about the actual existence of the problem. They need to be explicitly told that what you got as against your expectations. Of course your set of expectations can�t be communicated orally, but need to be properly documented.

Your expectations can be derived from documentation like: # Specifications documents # User guides # Past comments provided by customers # Standards like specifications of competing products # Results of older versions of the product.

If you feel that others may not get convinced with your bug as a valid one, you need to do more homework to provide even more concrete evidence to support your claim.

Conclusion: Ultimately what is important is to ask yourself as to whether you have asked the right questions & have answered the right questions, while writing your defect report.

Many More Articles on Software Testing Approaches

DownLoad Link for Presentation:

Understanding Analysis Reports in HP LoadRunner (500 Kb)

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Get your Absolutely Free Copy of Several Presentations & E-Books related to ISTQB, HP QTP/UFT, Load Runner, RFT and many more Certification Exams, prepared by Expert & Trainers, by writing to: [email protected]

Subscribe Notify of new follow-up comments new replies to my comments Label {} [+] Name* Email* Website Δ document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Label {} [+] Name* Email* Website Δ document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 5 Comments Oldest Newest Most Voted Inline Feedbacks View all comments Madhu 14 years ago Hi Yoginder, This article is an awesome article and would definitely help me in great length. Thanks a lot. Madhu 0 Reply Dinesh mehta 14 years ago Hi Yoginder, The article is really awesome and cleared my lots of long time pending doubts. Thanks Dinesh Mehta 0 Reply Ken 12 years ago Fairly comprehensive, but it is a bit long-winded, when you are trying to promote “Short and Brief”. Also, the following two statements seem to be contradictory “Avoid providing series of your actions and results in description statements.” “Write down the simple & short series of steps to reproduce the problem detected by you.” 0 Reply Neo Cambell 14 years ago interesting article…thanks for sharing…. 1 Reply Sanjeev Khurana 12 years ago Hi, The link given above is incorrect. I was searching for the link “Understanding Analysis Reports in HP LoadRunner.” But this link shows Perfmon Testing Tool. Kindly provide correct link and update me at my mail id please. Regards, Sanjeev Cell 9873480085 Noida, India 0 Reply wpDiscuz

Web Cohort: Corporate Network Executions

Defect Management Process in Software Testing

What is Defect Management Process?

Defect Management is a systematic process to identify and fix bugs. A defect management cycle contains the following stages 1) Discovery of Defect, 2) Defect Categorization 3) Fixing of Defect by developers 4) Verification by Testers, 5) Defect Closure 6) Defect Reports at the end of project

This topic will guide you on how to apply the defect management process to the project Guru99 Bank website. You can follow the below steps to manage defects.

Step 1) Discovery

In the discovery phase, the project teams have to discover as many defects as possible, before the end customer can discover it. A defect is said to be discovered and change to status accepted when it is acknowledged and accepted by the developers

In the above scenario, the testers discovered 84 defects in the website Guru99.

Let’s have a look at the following scenario; your testing team discovered some issues in the Guru99 Bank website. They consider them as defects and reported to the development team, but there is a conflict –

In such case, as a Test Manager, what will you do?

In such case, a resolution process should be applied to solve the conflict, you take the role as a judge to decide whether the website problem is a defect or not.

Step 2) Categorization

Defect categorization help the software developers to prioritize their tasks. That means that this kind of priority helps the developers in fixing those defects first that are highly crucial.

Defects are usually categorized by the Test Manager –

Let’s do a small exercise as following

Here are the recommended answers

Step 3) Defect Resolution

Defect Resolution in software testing is a step by step process of fixing the defects. Defect resolution process starts with assigning defects to developers, then developers schedule the defect to be fixed as per priority, then defects are fixed and finally developers send a report of resolution to the test manager. This process helps to fix and track defects easily.

You can follow the following steps to fix the defect.

Assignment : Assigned to a developer or other technician to fix, and changed the status to Responding .
Schedule fixing : The developer side take charge in this phase. They will create a schedule to fix these defects, depend on the defect priority.
Fix the defect : While the development team is fixing the defects, the Test Manager tracks the process of fixing defect compare to the above schedule.
Report the resolution : Get a report of the resolution from developers when defects are fixed.

Step 4) Verification

After the development team fixed and reported the defect, the testing team verifies that the defects are actually resolved.

For example, in the above scenario, when the development team reported that they already fixed 61 defects, your team would test again to verify these defects were actually fixed or not.

Step 5) Closure

Once a defect has been resolved and verified, the defect is changed status as closed . If not, you have send a notice to the development to check the defect again.

Step 6) Defect Reporting

Defect Reporting in software testing is a process in which test managers prepare and send the defect report to the management team for feedback on defect management process and defects’ status. Then the management team checks the defect report and sends feedback or provides further support if needed. Defect reporting helps to better communicate, track and explain defects in detail.

The management board has right to know the defect status. They must understand the defect management process to support you in this project. Therefore, you must report them the current defect situation to get feedback from them.

Why do you need Defect Management Process?

Your team found bugs while testing the Guru99 Banking project.

After a week the developer responds –

In next week the tester responds

As in the above case, if the defect communication is done verbally, soon things become very complicated. To control and effectively manage bugs you need a defect lifecycle.

Important Defect Metrics

Back the above scenario. The developer and test teams have reviews the defects reported. Here is the result of that discussion

How to measure and evaluate the quality of the test execution?

This is a question which every Test Manager wants to know. There are 2 parameters which you can consider as following

In the above scenario, you can calculate the defection rejection ratio (DRR) is 20/84 = 0.238 (23.8 %).

Another example, supposed the Guru99 Bank website has total 64 defects, but your testing team only detect 44 defects i.e. they missed 20 defects. Therefore, you can calculate the defect leakage ratio (DLR) is 20/64 = 0.312 (31.2 %).

Conclusion, the quality of test execution is evaluated via following two parameters

The smaller value of DRR and DLR is, the better quality of test execution is. What is the ratio range which is acceptable ? This range could be defined and accepted base in the project target or you may refer the metrics of similar projects.

In this project, the recommended value of acceptable ratio is 5 ~ 10%. It means the quality of test execution is low. You should find countermeasure to reduce these ratios such as

Improve the testing skills of member.
Spend more time for testing execution, especially for reviewing the test execution results.

A bug is the consequence/outcome of a coding fault.

A Defect in Software Testing is a variation or deviation of the software application from end user’s requirements or original business requirements. A software defect is an error in coding which causes incorrect or unexpected results from a software program which does not meet actual requirements. Testers might come across such defects while executing the test cases.

These two terms have very thin line of difference, In the Industry both are faults that need to be fixed and so interchangeably used by some of the Testing teams.

When testers execute the test cases, they might come across such test results which are contradictory to expected results. This variation in test results is referred to as a Software Defect. These defects or variations are referred by different names in different organizations like issues, problems, bugs or incidents.

A Bug Report in Software Testing is a detailed document about bugs found in the software application. Bug report contains each detail about bugs like description, date when bug was found, name of tester who found it, name of developer who fixed it, etc. Bug report helps to identify similar bugs in future so it can be avoided.

Defect_ID – Unique identification number for the defect.
Defect Description – Detailed description of the Defect including information about the module in which Defect was found.
Version – Version of the application in which defect was found.
Steps – Detailed steps along with screenshots with which the developer can reproduce the defects.
Date Raised – Date when the defect is raised
Reference– where in you Provide reference to the documents like . requirements, design, architecture or maybe even screenshots of the error to help understand the defect
Detected By – Name/ID of the tester who raised the defect
Status – Status of the defect , more on this later
Fixed by – Name/ID of the developer who fixed it
Date Closed – Date when the defect is closed
Severity which describes the impact of the defect on the application
Priority which is related to defect fixing urgency. Severity Priority could be High/Medium/Low based on the impact urgency at which the defect should be fixed respectively

Click here if the video is not accessible

Download a sample Defect Reporting Template

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How To Write A Defect Report

After executing our test scenarios, it is expected to find defects in the system under test. Those defects should be reported in a defect report. The defect report must be written clearly so that the developer can understand where the issue is and be able to reproduce it. In this article, we will discuss how to write a professional defect report.

The title should describe the issue that occurs in the software. The developer should understand the problem just by reading the title only. For example, if there is a defect in the login page. When the user checks the “remember me” checkbox, the checkbox is not checked. A good title for this defect would be: Login -> Checking “Remember me” checkbox isn’t working A poor-written title for this defect would be: Problem with login

2) Steps to reproduce:

The steps should be clear so that the developer can follow them to repeat the test and reproduce the defect. The steps should be numbered. If this is a mobile application, the first step should be opening the application. If this is a website, the first step should be navigating to the website URL.

If this is a website, the steps can be: Go to outomated.com Click on Login/Sign up On the login page, check the “Remember me” checkbox

If this is a mobile application, the steps can be: Open the application Tap on Login/Sign up On the login page, check the “Remember me” checkbox”

3) Expected result:

The expected result describes the expected behavior of the application. In other words, this is how the application should behave after the developer fixes the defect. For our example, the expected result can be: Checking the checkbox should work normally and allow the user to save his username & password.

4) Actual result:

The actual result describes what happens in the application now. In other words, this is the current behavior of the application, and it is the reason for writing the defect report. The actual result must be different from the expected result. If they are the same then there is no reason for writing a defect report.

5) Priority:

Priority describes how urgent this defect requires fixing. A high-priority defect should be fixed as soon as possible. A low-priority defect doesn’t have to be solved soon.

6) Severity:

Severity describes the impact that this defect will have on the user if he encounters it. A high severity defect will have a severe impact on the user if he encounters it. A low severity defect will have a low impact on the user if he encounters it. Some projects mix between priority and severity. So they use one attribute to describe both priority and severity. Priorities can be classified into four levels: Critical, High, Medium, and Low. Here are some example defects and their priorities: Critical: Login isn’t working – Application crashes in Home Page – Wrong values in the cart High: Login page responds slowly – User is not able to change his profile picture Medium: Some pages have slow performance – Portrait mode includes some misalignments Low: Spelling mistakes

7) Screenshot (or video):

Adding a screenshot or a video to your defect report will make the developer’s task much easier. The screenshot should show the screen on which the issue occurs, and it is better to add a red circle or rectangle around the defective area.

In windows, you can take a screenshot using paint. Click on the “PrtScn” button on the keyboard, open paint, and then click on “paste” or “Ctrl + V”. You can then add a red rectangle around the defective area like in the screenshot provided. In Mac, you can click on “Command + Shift + 4” and then add a red rectangle around the defective area. To record a video, you can do it for free using this website https://screencast-o-matic.com. On the mac, you can open the QuickTime Player application, choose File -> New Screen Recording.

To take a screenshot from your mobile phone, mostly you will need to click on the power button and the increase volume button to take a screenshot. Some mobiles require clicking on different buttons, so you can google for your device name and see how to record the screen using it.

Most android phones include a built-in video recorder that can be accessed from the control menu.

To record a video using your iPhone, you can follow the steps in the next screenshot.

8) Test Environment:

The test environment should cover three topics: Software, hardware, and network. The software can be: Android 11, iOS 15, Chrome 75, Firefox 82. Hardware can be OPPO F11 Pro, iPhone 12 Mini, Dell XPS Laptop, Macbook Pro. The network can be Wi-fi, 5G, 4G. So a test environment for a defect can be iPhone 12 Mini, iOS 15.1, 5G network.

9) Issue Type:

There are many types of defects which are:

Functional: Example: Forgot password functionality is not working.

Visual (UI): Example: Missing UI elements in the login page.

Content: Example: A sentence is written two times “Duplicated.”

Performance: Example: Video takes too long to play Suggestion/Enhancement: This is not a defect, but the tester is proposing a better way to implement the functionality.

10) Reproducibility Rate:

Not all defects are reproducible. Some defects are repeated each time we repeat the test, and some defects rarely happen. The reproducibility rate can be a value from 1 to 5. 1/5 means that the defect is rarely reproducible. 5/5 means that the defect is always reproducible.

A full defect report can be: Title: Login -> Forgot password button is not working Expected result: The button should be clickable and redirect the user to the “Forgot password” page Actual result: Button is not clickable, and nothing happens when the user clicks on it Test environment: Samsung Galaxy Note 10 – Android 10 – 4G Network Priority: High Issue type: Functional Reproducibility rate: 5/5 Steps to reproduce: Open the application Tap on Login Tap on Forgot password

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Trying to test your website across different browsers can be time-consuming and error-prone. But with the help of these handy tools, testing your website in different browsers will become a lot easier!

This defect report template is free to use and makes defect completion, notification and closure simple and efficient.

A defect report is a report typically prepared and completed by quality engineers and teams to identify and document any type of defect detected via an inpsection or normal observation.

Defects are inevitable on site with different workers, materials and equipment being used every day. Properly capturing defects with a throrough defect report and supporting evidence enables constractors and subcontractors to correctly claim any fault that wasn't a fault of their own - and avoid unfair costs or penalties.

The purpose of a defect report is to state the problem as clearly as possible so that the party responsible for the defect can rectify the defect easily and fix it; and so that other parties are notified (where required). This complete defect report template comes pre-built with all the fields you need to accurately capture a defect and notify the right internal and external parties quickly so that fixes can be made and projects can move forward:

Automated form ID #
Date of defect identification
Lot reference
Defect status toggle (open or closed)
Subcontractor and suppliers involved
Defect description and [before] reference photo upload
Defect sketch
Proposed action & rectification
Signoff when rectification is scheduled
After rectification photo reference & comments
Digital signoff when rectification is complete

Defect Report template (Easily editable)

Defect report templates // defect templates // quality templates.

So how does this digital defect report template actually work?

See how this simple & flexible defect report template works for yourself below before getting started..

Try it for yourself →

Use this defect report template for free.

This defect report template is powered by Dashpivot project management software.

Add or edit report fields with easy drag-and-drop functionality.
Access and use your defect report from anywhere. Use a laptop at the office, or complete the report with relevant photos on mobile/tablet from site.
Instantly format your completed reports into workflow view or register view.
Setup automated workflows to make defect management and signoff easy.
Download, print or send your defect reports as custom branded excel or PDF documents.
Get real-time analytics & insights on defect management and general quality performance.

Dashpivot is user friendly quality management software trusted by thousands of engineers, foremen and project managers on projects big and small.

Other popular quality management templates you can get started with for free.

Corrective Action Report (CAR) template

Complete, share and approve corrective actions faster and easier.

See the template →

Construction Punch List template

Punch your way through those punch lists with this more suitable template.

Inspection and Test Plan (ITP) template

No one plans to fail, they fail to plan. Ensure your projects are a success with this ITP.

People in 70+ countries use this quality management system to improve the quality and outcomes of their work.

Start easily streamlining your processes today

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Procter & Gamble Recalls 8.2 Million Defective Bags of Tide, Gain, Ace and Ariel Laundry Detergent Packets Distributed in US Due to Risk of Serious Injury

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The outer packaging meant to prevent access to the contents can split open near the zipper track, posing a risk of serious injury to children and other vulnerable populations if the contents of the laundry detergent packets are ingested, as well as posing a risk of skin or eye injuries. Ingestion of a large quantity of any surfactant-containing household cleaning products can cause death among individuals with underlying health issues.

About 8.2 million (In addition, about 56,741 were sold in Canada)

Procter & Gamble toll-free at 833-347-5764 from Monday through Friday, 9 AM ET to 6 PM ET, Saturday, 9 AM ET to 5:30 PM ET, or online at pg.com/bags .

Recall Details

This recall involves certain lot codes of Tide Pods, Gain Flings, Ace Pods, and Ariel Pods liquid laundry detergent packets packaged in flexible film bags that were manufactured between September 2023 and February 2024. Recalled products range from bags with 12 to 39 laundry detergent packets and include the following:

Consumers should immediately secure the recalled bags out of sight and reach of children and contact Procter & Gamble for a full refund and a free replacement child-resistant bag to store the product. Consumers can also receive a cabinet lock for securing laundry materials.

Consumers should check to see if their bag is part of the recall by checking the lot code on their bag. Recalled lot codes will be listed at pg.com/bags and are found on the bottom of the package. Consumers with recalled bags can submit a photo of the recalled product, showing the lot code to participate in the recall.

No confirmed cases directly relating to this packaging defect. The firm has received four reports of children in the United States accessing the liquid laundry packets, three of which reported ingestion during the time period that the recalled lots were sold, but it is not known if these laundry packets came from recalled bags.

Note: Individual Commissioners may have statements related to this topic. Please visit www.cpsc.gov/commissioners to search for statements related to this or other topics.

Related Recalls

Recalled BRS liquid fuel bottles - front

The portable fuel bottles do not meet the child-resistant requirements for closures under the Children's Gasoline Burn Prevention Act (CGBPA). The closure for the products is not child-resistant, posing a risk of burn and poisoning to children.

The speaker’s lithium-ion battery can overheat and catch fire, posing burn and fire hazards to consumers.

The portable fuel containers violate the child-resistant requirements for closures under the Children's Gasoline Burn Prevention Act (CGBPA). The closure for the products is not child resistant, posing a risk of burns and poisoning to children.

Compressed helium from the tank can escape and cause the plastic cap to be released into the air unexpectedly, posing an injury hazard due to projectiles striking users and bystanders.

Recalled Slime Licker Sour Rolling Liquid Candies

The candy’s rolling ball can detach from the product’s container into a child’s mouth, posing a choking hazard for consumers.

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About Government Recalls
Recalls from around the world

The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is charged with protecting the public from unreasonable risk of injury or death associated with the use of thousands of types of consumer products. Deaths, injuries, and property damage from consumer product-related incidents cost the nation more than $1 trillion annually. CPSC's work to ensure the safety of consumer products has contributed to a decline in the rate of injuries associated with consumer products over the past 50 years.

Federal law prohibits any person from selling products subject to a Commission ordered recall or a voluntary recall undertaken in consultation with the CPSC.

Visit CPSC.gov.
Sign up to receive our e-mail alerts .
Follow us on Facebook , Instagram @USCPSC and Twitter @USCPSC .
Report a dangerous product or product-related injury on www.SaferProducts.gov .
Call CPSC’s Hotline at 800-638-2772 (TTY 301-595-7054).
Contact a media specialist .

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An Ozempic baby boom? Some GLP-1 users report unexpected pregnancies.

Across social media, women who have used Ozempic or similar medications for diabetes or weight loss are reporting an unexpected side effect — surprise pregnancies.

The Facebook group “I got pregnant on Ozempic,” has more than 500 members. Numerous posts on Reddit and TikTok discuss unplanned pregnancies while on Ozempic and similar drugs which can spur significant weight loss by curbing appetite and slowing the digestive process. The drugs are known as “Glucagon-like peptide 1” or GLP-1 drugs.

The reports of an Ozempic baby boom are anecdotal, and it’s not known how widespread the phenomenon is. Experts say significant weight loss can affect fertility. Others speculate that the GLP-1 drugs could interfere with the absorption of oral contraceptives, causing birth control failures.

“I got pregnant on a GLP-1,” posted Deb Oliviara, 32, on her @Dkalsolive TikTok account, which has 36,000 followers. She had noted in another video that she’d previously suffered two miscarriages and a stillbirth.

Oliviara, who lives in Michigan, said in a direct message that she had been using Ozempic for three months before getting pregnant. “I was three weeks along when I found out,” Oliviara said. “I am now 3 months pregnant, and baby is doing amazing.”

“My little Mounjaro baby is almost 6 months old after trying for over 10 years with PCOS!” another woman commented on the post, referring to polycystic ovary syndrome , a hormonal health condition that is a leading cause of infertility.

Paige Burnham, 29, who lives in Louisville, had lost about 80 pounds while using Ozempic, also known as semaglutide, for Type 2 diabetes when she began feeling nauseous on a trip to Disney World. She assumed the symptom was due to the drug. “My most typical Ozempic side effect was nausea,” she said.

But she learned the symptom was actually morning sickness due to pregnancy — a surprise since she and her partner had tried for four years to conceive. She stopped taking Ozempic and gave birth to a healthy baby boy, Creed, in March 2023.

A lack of research on pregnancy and GLP-1 drugs

Little is known about the effects of Ozempic and similar drugs on women who want to get pregnant or who become pregnant while taking the drugs because they were specifically excluded from early clinical trials of the drug.

A spokesman for Novo Nordisk, which makes Ozempic and Wegovy, said the company is collecting data to evaluate the safety of becoming pregnant while using Wegovy, the version of semaglutide approved for weight loss.

“Pregnancy or intention to become pregnant were exclusion criteria in our trials with semaglutide in both obesity and type 2 diabetes,” the company said in a statement.

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Eli Lilly, maker of the GLP-1 drugs Mounjaro and Zepbound, did not respond to requests for comment.

The biggest concern among women who become pregnant using a GLP-1 is whether the drug poses a risk to the fetus. While women like Burnham and Oliviara have posted reassuring stories of delivering healthy babies, doctors say it’s important to use backup birth control and stop the drug immediately if you become pregnant.

A Novo Nordisk spokesman said in a statement that there isn’t enough available data to know if the drug poses a risk for birth defects, miscarriage or other adverse events related to pregnancy. Based on animal reproduction studies for Wegovy, the company said there “may be potential risks to the fetus from exposure to semaglutide during pregnancy.”

The company recommends stopping Wegovy at least two months before a planned pregnancy.

According to Ozempic’s prescribing information , pregnant rats administered Ozempic showed fetal structural abnormalities, fetal growth problems and embryonic mortality. In rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys, there were early pregnancy losses or structural abnormalities as well as marked maternal body weight loss.

Controlling diabetes is important for a healthy pregnancy, and experts say patients taking Ozempic for diabetes should discuss the risks and benefits with their doctor.

Why drugs like Ozempic might affect pregnancy risk

While it’s unclear whether women taking a GLP-1 have a higher risk of unplanned pregnancies, doctors say there are a few explanations why some women are getting pregnant while using the drugs.

Weight loss can have an effect on ovulation and fertility, said Lora Shahine , a reproductive endocrinologist with a fertility practice in Seattle and Bellevue, Wash.

“I think that with weight loss and balancing of hormones and improved insulin resistance, the hormonal access clicks back in, and all of a sudden they start ovulating again — they might not have been ovulating for years,” said Shahine, who is also an associate clinical professor at the University of Washington.

Stephanie Fein , an internist in Los Angeles who specializes in helping women lose weight for their fertility, said that losing just 5 to 10 percent of body weight can help someone conceive. “No one knows exactly the reason,” she said. “Fat is hormonally active. We know it has effects on estrogen, and it will impact ovulation and possibly egg development.”

The drugs also may interfere with oral contraceptives in some patients, doctors say. The GLP-1 drugs help people lose weight by slowing gastric emptying, curbing hunger and leaving people feel full sooner. It may be that the GLP-1 drugs also affect the absorption of oral contraceptives, said William Dietz, physician and chair of the STOP Obesity Alliance at the Milken Institute School of Public Health at George Washington University. “This may mean that birth control medications are metabolized or ineffective,” he said.

Dietz said most experts recommend discontinuing GLP-1 medications when pregnancy is detected. “I don’t think we know the impact of these drugs on fetal development,” he added.

Shahine recommends that women using oral contraceptives who are taking a GLP-1 drug use a second form of birth control. The drugs also aren’t recommended for mothers who are breastfeeding. Animal studies have shown semaglutide is present in the milk of lactating rats treated with the drug.

After Burnham stopped breastfeeding, she resumed taking Ozempic. Because of her past struggles with infertility, she doesn’t want to take birth control, although she said she is concerned about getting pregnant too soon. “I’m not ready yet,” she said.

Amy Klein is the author of “The Trying Game: Get Through Fertility Treatment and Get Pregnant without Losing Your Mind.”

Soccer | Star player Emanuel Reynoso defects — again –…

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Soccer | star player emanuel reynoso defects — again — on minnesota united.

Minnesota United midfielder Emanuel Reynoso, right, dribbles around a Puebla defender in the first half of a Leagues Cup match at Allianz Field.

The next chapter of the Emanuel Reynoso saga has blown open this week, and while the latest defection is serious, it’s not being treated like last season’s cliffhanger.

Reynoso, Minnesota United’s best player, traveled to Argentina the week of March 18 as MNUFC had set aside time during the international break for the attacking midfielder to leave the team and go through the process of obtaining his U.S. green card in his native country.

Reynoso, a two-time MLS All-Star, progressed in that immigration process, the Pioneer Press understands, but the 28-year-old then deviated from the set plan the following week.

“Emanuel Reynoso did not attend his recent green card appointment, and he remains in Argentina,” MNUFC Chief Soccer Officer Khaled El-Ahmad said in a statement Tuesday. “We do not have an updated timeline for his return and have no additional comment at this time. Our entire focus is on the players and staff who are here.”

The club wanted Reynoso to receive his green card because it would take him off one of the coveted eight international roster spots — along with providing Reynoso a chance for his family to settle in America.

If Reynoso would have attended his scheduled meeting, he would have been able to return to the U.S. before the Loons’ match against the Philadelphia Union on March 30. Reynoso has played only 31 minutes in one of the Loons’ six games this season, coming off the bench in the 2-0 victory over Los Angeles FC on March 16. A left knee injury kept him from playing in the opening three games.

This isn’t the first time Reynoso has gone absent without leave.

He didn’t report to training camp to start the 2023 season and didn’t arrive in Minnesota until May. MNUFC had initially sought for Reynoso to obtain his U.S. green card in January 2023, but his defection at the start of that preseason camp hijacked that plan.

Reynoso was suspended by MLS without pay last season; he is one of the club’s three Designated Players, earning $2.1 million in 2023, according to the MLS Players Association. Another suspension without pay by the league could be in the works this time around.

He missed the opening 40 percent of the 2023 season, but returned in June and finished with 10 goal contributions (six goals and four assists).

Then this January, Reynoso failed to report for the first week of preseason camp in Blaine. He traveled to Minnesota the following week and first joined the team for its training spell in Arizona.

Reynoso said both times that family issues were the reasons for his absences. In February, Reynoso shared the reason why he was tardy in January.

“I had asked permission from the club and I talked to them because I’m expecting a child with my girlfriend,” Reynoso said via a translation from club employee Marliene Calderon. “She’s pregnant and I found out shortly before I needed to report. So I asked the club for one more week to be able to arrange medical plans for her and make sure she was taken care of during her pregnancy because I was going to be here and she would be by herself for a while.”

MNUFC did not share an on-the-record reason why Reynoso is absent this time.

When Reynoso went MIA last season, multiple team leaders said Reynoso would have to earn back their trust. He appeared to do so after a meeting with teammates and then soon returned to the field for matches.

The Pioneer Press has learned this time around that Loons players are not treating Reynoso’s absence as the distraction it became a year ago. One player, who was granted anonymity to speak freely, said Reynoso’s absence is not an “energy vulture” the way it was in 2023. He used the metaphor of a train having left the station, and while they would welcome him back at a future stop along the tracks, they are not looking for him to be the conductor.

New Chief Soccer Officer Khaled El-Ahmad has established four tenets for how he wants individuals within the club to conduct themselves: be a good person, be professional, be transparent and be positive.

After he took over in January, El-Ahmad met with each player before the season, including Reynoso, and each person within the soccer side of the club was granted a clean slate by the new sporting director.

But some of Reynoso’s actions have not lived up to elements within El-Ahmad’s standard.

El-Ahmad and head coach Eric Ramsay have commented about how talented Reynoso is, but those two leaders also have talked about how the needs of the team come first. MNUFC has started strong with 11 points through six matches to sit in fourth place in MLS’s Western Conference.

When Reynoso returned last season, he was soon welcomed back into the first team. It’s unclear — if and when he comes back to Minnesota — how quickly he would be reintroduced to the MLS side. Star treatment does not appear to be an El-Ahmad practice, and Reynoso will likely have to do more to get back in a good standing.

Then there’s the possibility that Reynoso, who is under contract through the end of the 2025 season, has played his last game in a Loons shirt. El-Ahmad could look to transfer Reynoso to another MLS club or somewhere else around the world. It does not appear a contract buyout or termination would be an initial avenue the Loons will pursue.

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Minnesota United forward Bongokuhle Hlongwane, left, pulls on Houston Dynamo defender Adam Lundqvist, right, as he blocks out during the first half of an MLS soccer match Saturday, July 23, 2022, in Houston.

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Minnesota United midfielder Emanuel Reynoso (10) fights past Sporting Kansas City defender Robert Castellanos (19) in the second half of a MLS game at Allianz Field in St. Paul on Saturday, Sept., 16, 2023.

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IMAGES

Free Defect Report template (better than word doc and excel)
Building Defect Report: Free sample and editable template
Defect Report Template
Defect Report Template Xls
Common Test Sense: Creating an effective defect report
Defect Report Template Xls (4)

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Data and Data Types in Testing
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บทที่ 1 วิธีการทำรายงานผลตรวจสอบสภาพเครื่องจักร และ อุปกรณ์ (How to: Defect Inspection Report)

COMMENTS

Sample Bug Report: Format, Template and Examples (UPDATED)
Defect/Bug Report Template Fields with Examples and Explanations. Many elements go into a good bug report. In this section, we will first describe and list all of the constituent elements of a bug report and then we will follow that up with examples. As per the industry standard, these are the constituent elements of the defect report/template: ...
Defect Report in Software Engineering
A defect report is a crucial instrument for efficient communication, defect management and general quality control in the software development industry. Its significance goes beyond problem discovery and includes defect resolution throughout its whole lifecycle and supports continuous development process improvement.
How to write a good Defect Report?
1. Defect ID. A unique identification number is used to identify the number of defects in the report. 2. Defect Description. A detailed description is written about the defect with its module and the source where it was found. 3. Version. Show the current version of the application where the defect was found.
What details to include on a software defect report
The details needed for an understandable defect report include the following: Unique ID for tracking. This enables testers to find the defect by ID. Reporter name. Name and contact information for questions. Application and code version. Application if it varies, as well as the code version. Server or environment.
How to write effective software defect reports
Step 1: Define the defect. The first step is to define the defect by writing a summary in the defect title and providing a general description of the problem. When writing a summary in the defect title, include the area and function where the problem occurs.
Defect Report
A defect report's primary purpose is to help the developers quickly reproduce and fix the fault. It is an effective way of communicating and tracking the defect throughout its life cycle. In the quest for a free test case management tool, Tuskr stands tall as the top-rated choice on Software Advice. Experience the strength of its features, the ...
Defect Management Tutorial: A Comprehensive Guide With Examples And
A defect report is a detailed document that contains defect information like its description, stack traces, expected and actual outcomes, and other vital information. It ensures the defect is identified and fixed before it affects our users. A defect report can be 2 to 20 pages or more.
How to Write a Bug Report (+ Free Template Download)
Tips For Creating a Good Bug Report. Limit yourself to a single bug per report. If you discover more bugs in the same areas, you can link them to your issue tracker. Including more than one defect can cause confusion and delays in the potential bug fixes. Check-in your tracking system to make sure the bug wasn't already reported.
How to Write a Good Defect Report?
2. Summary. A summary of the issue should be provided. The summary should be a concise statement that helps to identify the problem. Bug titles should be easy to understand, which would help pinpoint the issue quickly. A good bug summary allows managers to review the bugs quickly during the bug review meetings. 3.
How to Write a Defect Report: Insights from ISTQB
A defect report plays a vital role between testers, developers, and stakeholders. It is a formal document that outlines the specifics of a found software problem. A well-written Defect Report not only assists in addressing the problem but also improves the general quality of the product. One must follow the ISTQB's advised procedure while ...
How to write a software defect report
The defect report is the most effective manner of communicating, tracking, and explaining defects to managers and development staff. The more logical, organized, and detailed the report, the more likely a developer can reproduce it without assistance or without having to request more information.
How to write an effective software defect report
Try to write it in the form of how you would normally write your test case. This portion has to be instruction based and when it comes to a defect report one general principle to be followed is that the more information you provide the better it would be. Expected vs actual results: Your software defect should clearly reflect the expected ...
How to Write A Bug Report with Examples
When reporting a bug, it is important to specify the steps to reproduce it. You should also include actions that may cause the bug. Here, don't make any generic statements. Be specific on the steps to follow: Here, is an example of well-written procedure: Steps: Select product X1. Click on Add to cart.
Defect Report in ISTQB: Software Engineering
A Defect Report consists of several key components, each serving a specific purpose in accurately describing and reporting the identified defect. The structure of a Defect Report typically includes the following elements: Defect identification: Each Defect Report should have a unique identifier assigned to it. This identifier helps in tracking ...
Defect Reporting in Software Testing
What is Defect Report? DEFECT REPORT, also known as Bug Report, is a document that identifies and describes a defect detected by a tester. The purpose of a defect report is to state the problem as clearly as possible so that developers can replicate the defect easily and fix it. ISTQB Definition. defect report: Documentation of the occurrence ...
Defect Identification and Reporting 101
The clearer the communication in a defect report, the more likely the defect can be located and fixed efficiently and accurately. Defect identification and reporting are core and critical functions of QA testing. Both contribute significantly to the quality of an application and the efficiency of a software development team.
Efficient Defect Reporting & Tracking Guide
Common defect statuses include New, Open, Fixed, Rejected, and Closed. The ability to track defect status is essential for monitoring progress and ensuring that they do not fall through the cracks. Components of Effective Defect Reports. Before diving deep into the contents of a defect report, it's important to underscore the value of each ...
What is Defect or Bug? Defect Reporting Template
Defect Reporting Template. DefectId - A unique identifier of the defect. Summary - A one-line summary of the defect, more like a defect title. Description - A detailed description of the defect. Build Version - Version of the build or release in which defect is found. Steps to reproduce - The steps to reproduce the defect.
Defect Report and Its Sample Template
Defect Report and Its Sample Template A defect report documents an anomaly discovered during testing. It includes all the information needed to reproduce the problem, including the author, release/build number, open/close dates, problem area, problem description, test environment, defect type, how it was detected, who detected it, priority, severity, status, etc. Download Defect Report ...
Ten Principles of Creating Effective Defect Reports
An effective defect report certainly helps the tester in getting a much better response from the developers. A good tester is the one who does not aspire to write a perfect defect report, but aims to write a defect report that is having following Four Simple Attributes like: Attribute-1: It must be effective
Defect Management Process in Software Testing
Step 3) Defect Resolution. Defect Resolution in software testing is a step by step process of fixing the defects. Defect resolution process starts with assigning defects to developers, then developers schedule the defect to be fixed as per priority, then defects are fixed and finally developers send a report of resolution to the test manager.
How To Write A Defect Report
The defect report must be written clearly so that the developer can understand where the issue is and be able to reproduce it. In this article, we will discuss how to write a professional defect report. 1) Title: The title should describe the issue that occurs in the software. The developer should understand the problem just by reading the ...
Free Defect Report template (better than word doc and excel)
A defect report is a report typically prepared and completed by quality engineers and teams to identify and document any type of defect detected via an inpsection or normal observation. Defects are inevitable on site with different workers, materials and equipment being used every day. Properly capturing defects with a throrough defect report ...
Procter & Gamble Recalls 8.2 Million Defective Bags of Tide ...
Consumers should immediately secure the recalled bags out of sight and reach of children and contact Procter & Gamble for a full refund and a free replacement child-resistant bag to store the product. Consumers can also receive a cabinet lock for securing laundry materials. Consumers should check to see if their bag is part of the recall by checking the lot code on their bag. Recalled lot ...
When Must Truckers Complete a Driver Vehicle Inspection Report?
If a driver discovers a safety-related defect during the pre-trip inspection, while there may not be a federal requirement to file a DVIR, Bray says, you still need a process in place for how the ...
An Ozempic baby boom? Some GLP-1 users report unexpected pregnancies
Some GLP-1 users report unexpected pregnancies. By Amy Klein. ... spokesman said in a statement that there isn't enough available data to know if the drug poses a risk for birth defects ...
Star player Emanuel Reynoso defects
Then this January, Reynoso failed to report for the first week of preseason camp in Blaine. He traveled to Minnesota the following week and first joined the team for its training spell in Arizona.

Defect Report in Software Engineering

What is Defect?

What is Defect Report?

Why do they Create Defect Reports ? What do they do with them?

2. Interaction & Cooperation

3. Client Happiness

4. Law and Order

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Defect Report

What is a Defect Report?

What does a Bug Report Contain?

How to write great bug report in five easy steps

Be thorough. Be accurate.

Write a clear title.

Be specific.

Be concise.

Attach screenshots and videos.

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How to Write a Good Defect Report? | Writing Great Bug Report

All the relevant information must be provided with the bug report

Report reproducible bugs:

Be concise and clear:

Report bugs early:

Avoid Spelling mistakes and language errors:

Documenting intermittent issues:

Avoid duplication of bugs:

Create separate bugs for unrelated issues:

Don’t use an authoritative tone:

Essential Features in Bug Report

Below are the essential details that should be mentioned while creating a bug report:

3. Description

4. Test Steps

5. Expected Results

6. Actual Results

7. Reporter:

8. Reported date:

9. Assignee:

10. Severity

11. Priority

12. Component

13. Affected Version

14. Fix Version

15. Date Closed

16. Target version

18. Attachments

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Defect Reporting in Software Testing

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Reporting Defects Effectively