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Article • 8 min read

8D Problem Solving Process

Solving major problems in a disciplined way.

By the Mind Tools Content Team

(Also known as Global 8D Problem Solving)

metodo 8d problem solving

When your company runs into a major problem, you need to address it quickly. However, you also need to deal with it thoroughly and ensure that it doesn't recur – and this can take a lot of effort and elapsed time.

The 8D Problem Solving Process helps you do both of these seemingly-contradictory things, in a professional and controlled way. In this article, we'll look at the 8D Problem Solving Process, and we'll discuss how you can use it to help your team solve major problems.

Origins of the Tool

The Ford Motor Company® developed the 8D (8 Disciplines) Problem Solving Process, and published it in their 1987 manual, "Team Oriented Problem Solving (TOPS)." In the mid-90s, Ford added an additional discipline, D0: Plan. The process is now Ford's global standard, and is called Global 8D.

Ford created the 8D Process to help teams deal with quality control and safety issues; develop customized, permanent solutions to problems; and prevent problems from recurring. Although the 8D Process was initially applied in the manufacturing, engineering, and aerospace industries, it's useful and relevant in any industry.

The eight disciplines are shown in figure 1, below:

Figure 1: The 8D Problem Solving Process

metodo 8d problem solving

The 8D Process works best in teams tasked with solving a complex problem with identifiable symptoms. However, you can also use this process on an individual level, as well.

Applying the Tool

To use the 8D Process, address each of the disciplines listed below, in order. Take care not to skip steps, even when time is limited; the process is only effective when you follow every step.

Discipline 0: Plan

Before you begin to assemble a team to address the problem, you need to plan your approach. This means thinking about who will be on the team, what your time frame is, and what resources you'll need to address the problem at hand.

Discipline 1: Build the Team

You should aim to put together a team that has the skills needed to solve the problem, and that has the time and energy to commit to the problem solving process.

Keep in mind that a diverse team is more likely to find a creative solution than a team of people with the same outlook (although if outlooks are too diverse, people can spend so much time disagreeing that nothing gets done).

Create a team charter that outlines the team's goal and identifies each person's role. Then, do what you can to build trust and get everyone involved in the process that's about to happen.

If your team is made up of professionals who haven't worked together before, consider beginning with team-building activities to ensure that everyone is comfortable working with one another.

Discipline 2: Describe the Problem

Once your team has settled in, describe the problem in detail. Specify the who, what, when, where, why, how, and how many; and use techniques like CATWOE and the Problem-Definition Process to ensure that you're focusing on the right problem.

Start by doing a Risk Analysis – if the problem is causing serious risks, for example, to people's health or life, then you need to take appropriate action. (This may include stopping people using a product or process until the problem is resolved.)

If the problem is with a process, use a Flow Chart , Swim Lane Diagram , or Storyboard to map each step out; these tools will help your team members understand how the process works, and, later on, think about how they can best fix it.

Discovering the root cause of the problem comes later in the process, so don't spend time on this here. Right now, your goal is to look at what's going wrong and to make sure that your team understands the full extent of the problem.

Discipline 3: Implement a Temporary Fix

Once your team understands the problem, come up with a temporary fix. This is particularly important if the problem is affecting customers, reducing product quality, or slowing down work processes.

Harness the knowledge of everyone on the team. To ensure that each person's ideas are heard, consider using brainstorming techniques such as Round Robin Brainstorming or Crawford's Slip Writing Method , alongside more traditional team problem solving discussions.

Once the group has identified possible temporary fixes, address issues such as cost, implementation time, and relevancy. The short-term solution should be quick, easy to implement, and worth the effort.

Discipline 4: Identify and Eliminate the Root Cause

Once your temporary fix is in place, it's time to discover the root cause of the problem.

Conduct a Cause and Effect Analysis to identify the likely causes of the problem. This tool is useful because it helps you uncover many possible causes, and it can highlight other problems that you might not have been aware of. Next, apply Root Cause Analysis to find the root causes of the problems you've identified.

Once you identify the source of the problem, develop several permanent solutions to it.

If your team members are having trouble coming up with viable permanent solutions, use the Straw Man Concept to generate prototype solutions that you can then discuss, tear apart, and rebuild into stronger solutions.

Discipline 5: Verify the Solution

Once your team agrees on a permanent solution, make sure that you test it thoroughly before you fully implement it, in the next step.

  • Conducting a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to spot any potential problems.
  • Using Impact Analysis to make sure that there will be no unexpected future consequences.
  • Using Six Thinking Hats to examine the fix from several different emotional perspectives.

Last, conduct a Blind Spot Analysis to confirm that you and your team haven't overlooked a key factor, or made an incorrect assumption about this solution.

Discipline 6: Implement a Permanent Solution

Once your team reaches a consensus on the solution, roll your fix out. Monitor this new solution closely for an appropriate period of time to make sure that it's working correctly, and ensure that there are no unexpected side effects.

Discipline 7: Prevent the Problem From Recurring

When you're sure that the permanent solution has solved the problem, gather your team together again to identify how you'll prevent the problem from recurring in the future.

You might need to update your organization's standards, policies, procedures, or training manual to reflect the new fix. You'll likely also need to train others on the new process or standard. Finally, you'll need to consider whether to change your management practices or procedures to prevent a recurrence.

Discipline 8: Celebrate Team Success

The last step in the process is to celebrate and reward your team's success . Say "thank you" to everyone involved, and be specific about how each person's hard work has made a difference. If appropriate, plan a party or celebration to communicate your appreciation.

Before the team disbands, conduct a Post-Implementation Review to analyze whether your solution is working as you thought, and to improve the way that you solve problems in the future.

In the late 1980s, Ford Motor Company developed the 8D (8 Disciplines) Problem Solving Process to help manufacturing and engineering teams diagnose, treat, and eliminate quality problems. However, teams in any industry can use this problem solving process.

The eight disciplines are:

  • Build the Team.
  • Describe the Problem.
  • Implement a Temporary Fix.
  • Identify and Eliminate the Root Cause.
  • Verify the Solution.
  • Implement a Permanent Solution.
  • Prevent the Problem From Recurring.
  • Celebrate Team Success.

The 8D Problem Solving Process is best used with a team solving complex problems; however, individuals can also use it to solve problems on their own.

Ford is a registered trademark of the Ford Motor Company: https://www.ford.com/

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  • What is 8D? A template for efficient pr ...

What is 8D? A template for efficient problem-solving

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How you respond when problems arise is one of the most defining qualities of a manager. Luckily, there are tools you can use to master problem-solving. The 8D method of problem-solving combines teamwork and basic statistics to help you reach a logical solution and prevent new issues from arising.

You’ve spent months overseeing the development of your company's newest project. From initiation, planning, and execution, you’re confident this may be your best work yet.

Until the feedback starts rolling in.

There’s no sugar-coating it—things don’t always go as planned. But production or process issues are hardly a signal to throw in the towel. Instead, focus on honing your problem-solving skills to find a solution that keeps it from happening again. 

The 8D method of problem solving emphasizes the importance of teamwork to not only solve your process woes but prevent new ones from occurring. In this guide, we’ll break down what 8D is, how to use this methodology, and the benefits it can give to you and your team. Plus, get an 8D template to make solving your issue easier. 

What is 8D?

The eight disciplines (8D) method is a problem-solving approach that identifies, corrects, and eliminates recurring problems. By determining the root causes of a problem, managers can use this method to establish a permanent corrective action and prevent recurring issues. 

How do you use the 8D method?

The 8D method is a proven strategy for avoiding long-term damage from recurring problems. If you’re noticing issues in your workflow or processes, then it’s a good time to give this problem-solving method a try. 

To complete an 8D analysis, follow “the eight disciplines” to construct a statistical analysis of the problem and determine the best solution.

The eight disciplines of problem-solving

8D stands for the eight disciplines you will use to establish an 8D report. As you may notice, this outline starts with zero, which makes nine total disciplines. The “zero stage” was developed later as an initial planning stage. 

To illustrate these steps, imagine your organization experienced a decline in team innovation and productivity this past year. Your stakeholders have noticed and want to see changes implemented within the next six months. Below, we’ll use the 8D process to uncover a morale-boosting solution.

[inline illustration] D8 problem solving approach (infographic)

D0: Prepare and plan

Before starting the problem-solving process, evaluate the problem you want to solve. Understanding the background of the problem will help you identify the root cause in later steps. 

Collect information about how the problem has affected a process or product and what the most severe consequences may be. Planning can include:

Gathering data

Determining the prerequisites for solving the problem

Collecting feedback from others involved

[inline illustration] D0 Planning (example)

If we look back at our example, you may want to figure out whether this decline in morale is organization-wide or only applies to a few departments. Consider interviewing a few employees from different departments and levels of management to gain some perspective. Next, determine what knowledge and skills you will need to solve this lapse in productivity. 

D1: Form your team

Create a cross-functional team made up of people who have knowledge of the various products and workflows involved. These team members should have the skills needed to solve the problem and put corrective actions in place. 

Steps in this discipline may include:

Appointing a team leader

Developing and implementing team guidelines

Determining team goals and priorities

Assigning individual roles

Arranging team-building activities

[inline illustration] D1 Team members (example)

From our example, a solid team would consist of people with first-hand experience with the issues—like representatives from all departments and key people close to workshop-level work. You may also want to pull someone in from your HR department to help design and implement a solution. Most importantly, make sure the people you choose want to be involved and contribute to the solution.

D2: Identify the problem

You may have a good understanding of your problem by now, but this phase aims to break it down into clear and quantifiable terms by identifying the five W’s a and two H’s (5W2H):

Who first reported the problem?

What is the problem about?

When did it occur and how often?

Where did it occur (relating to the sector, supplier, machine, or production line involved)?

Why is solving the problem important?

How was the problem first detected?

How many parts/units/customers are affected?

[inline illustration] D2 Problem statement & description (example)

Use your team’s insights to answer these questions. From our example, your team may conclude that: 

Employees feel overwhelmed with their current workload. 

There is no real structure or opportunity to share new ideas.

Managers have had no training for meetings or innovation settings.

Disgruntled employees know they can achieve more—and want to achieve more—even if they seem disengaged.

Once you answer these questions, record an official problem statement to describe the issue. If possible, include photos, videos, and diagrams to ensure all parties have a clear understanding of the problem. It may also help to create a flowchart of the process that includes various steps related to the problem description.

D3: Develop an interim containment plan

Much like we can expect speedy first aid after an accident, your team should take immediate actions to ensure you contain the problem—especially if the problem is related to customer safety. 

An interim containment plan will provide a temporary solution to isolate the problem from customers and clients while your team works to develop a permanent corrective action. This band-aid will help keep your customers informed and safe—and your reputation intact.

[inline illustration] D3 Interim containment action (example)

Because your findings revealed workers were overworked and managers lacked training, your team suggests scheduling a few mandatory training sessions for leaders of each department covering time and stress management and combating burnout . You may also want to have a presentation outlining the topics of this training to get key managers and stakeholders interested and primed for positive upcoming changes. 

D4: Verify root causes and escape points

Refer back to your findings and consult with your team about how the problem may have occurred. The root cause analysis involves mapping each potential root cause against the problem statement and its related test data. Make sure to test all potential causes—fuzzy brainstorming and sloppy analyses may cause you to overlook vital information. 

[inline illustration] D4 Root cause & escape points (example)

In our example, focus on the “why” portion of the 5W2H. You and your team identify six root causes:

Managers have never had any training

There is a lack of trust and psychological safety

Employees don’t understand the objectives and goals

Communication is poor

Time management is poor

Employees lack confidence

In addition to identifying the root causes, try to pinpoint where you first detected the problem in the process, and why it went unnoticed. This is called the escape point, and there may be more than one. 

D5: Choose permanent corrective actions

Work with your team to determine the most likely solution to remove the root cause of the problem and address the issues with the escape points. Quantitatively confirm that the selected permanent corrective action(s) (PCA) will resolve the problem for the customer. 

Steps to choosing a PCA may include:

Determining if you require further expertise

Ensuring the 5W2Hs are defined correctly

Carrying out a decision analysis and risk assessment

Considering alternative measures

Collecting evidence to prove the PCA will be effective

[inline illustration] D5 Permanent corrective action (example)

Your team decides to roll out the training used in the interim plan to all employees, with monthly company-wide workshops on improving well-being. You also plan to implement meetings, innovation sessions, and team-coaching training for managers. Lastly, you suggest adopting software to improve communication and collaboration. 

D6: Implement your corrective actions

Once all parties have agreed on a solution, the next step is to create an action plan to remove the root causes and escape points. Once the solution is in effect, you can remove your interim containment actions.

After seeing success with the training in the interim phase, your stakeholders approve all of your team’s proposed PCAs. Your representative from HR also plans to implement periodic employee wellness checks to track employee morale .

[inline illustration] D6 PCA implementation plan (example)

To ensure your corrective action was a success, monitor the results, customer, or employee feedback over a long period of time and take note of any negative effects. Setting up “controls” like employee wellness checks will help you validate whether your solution is working or more needs to be done. 

D7: Take preventive measures

One of the main benefits of using the 8D method is the improved ability to identify necessary systematic changes to prevent future issues from occurring. Look for ways to improve your management systems, operating methods, and procedures to not only eliminate your current problem, but stop similar problems from developing later on.

[inline illustration] D7 Preventive measure (example)

Based on our example, the training your team suggested is now adopted in the new manager onboarding curriculum. Every manager now has a “meeting system” that all meetings must be guided by, and workloads and projects are managed as a team within your new collaboration software . Innovation is improving, and morale is at an all-time high!

D8: Celebrate with your team

The 8D method of problem-solving is impossible to accomplish without dedicated team members and first-class collaboration. Once notes, lessons, research, and test data are documented and saved, congratulate your teammates on a job well done! Make an effort to recognize each individual for their contribution to uncovering a successful solution.

[inline illustration] 8D Team congratulations & reward (example)

8D report template and example

Check out our 8D report template below to help you record your findings as you navigate through the eight disciplines of problem solving. This is a formal report that can be used as a means of communication within companies, which makes for transparent problem-solving that you can apply to the entire production or process chain.

Benefits of using the 8D method

The 8D method is one of the most popular problem-solving strategies for good reason. Its strength lies in teamwork and fact-based analyses to create a culture of continuous improvement —making it one of the most effective tools for quality managers. The benefits of using the 8D method include: 

Improved team-oriented problem-solving skills rather than relying on an individual to provide a solution

Increased familiarity with a problem-solving structure

A better understanding of how to use basic statistical tools for problem-solving

Open and honest communication in problem-solving discussions

Prevent future problems from occurring by identifying system weaknesses and solutions

Improved effectiveness and efficiency at problem-solving

Better collaboration = better problem solving

No matter how good a manager you are, production and process issues are inevitable. It’s how you solve them that separates the good from the great. The 8D method of problem solving allows you to not only solve the problem at hand but improve team collaboration, improve processes, and prevent future issues from arising. 

Try Asana’s project management tool to break communication barriers and keep your team on track.

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Quality-One

Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

– Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving –

⇓   Introduction to 8D

⇓   What is 8D

⇓   Why Apply 8D

⇓   When to Apply 8D

⇓   How to Apply 8D

Quality and Reliability Support | Quality-One

Introduction to Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

The Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D) is a problem solving methodology designed to find the root cause of a problem, devise a short-term fix and implement a long-term solution to prevent recurring problems. When it’s clear that your product is defective or isn’t satisfying your customers, an 8D is an excellent first step to improving Quality and Reliability.

Ford Motor Company developed this problem solving methodology, then known as Team Oriented Problem Solving (TOPS), in the 1980s. The early usage of 8D proved so effective that it was adopted by Ford as the primary method of documenting problem solving efforts, and the company continues to use 8D today.

8D has become very popular among manufacturers because it is effective and reasonably easy to teach. Below you’ll find the benefits of an 8D, when it is appropriate to perform and how it is performed.

What is Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

The 8D problem solving process is a detailed, team oriented approach to solving critical problems in the production process. The goals of this method are to find the root cause of a problem, develop containment actions to protect customers and take corrective action to prevent similar problems in the future.

The strength of the 8D process lies in its structure, discipline and methodology. 8D uses a composite methodology, utilizing best practices from various existing approaches. It is a problem solving method that drives systemic change, improving an entire process in order to avoid not only the problem at hand but also other issues that may stem from a systemic failure.

8D has grown to be one of the most popular problem solving methodologies used for Manufacturing, Assembly and Services around the globe. Read on to learn about the reasons why the Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving may be a good fit for your company.

8D - Problem Solving Format

Why Apply Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

The 8D methodology is so popular in part because it offers your engineering team a consistent, easy-to-learn and thorough approach to solving whatever problems might arise at various stages in your production process. When properly applied, you can expect the following benefits:

  • Improved team oriented problem solving skills rather than reliance on the individual
  • Increased familiarity with a structure for problem solving
  • Creation and expansion of a database of past failures and lessons learned to prevent problems in the future
  • Better understanding of how to use basic statistical tools required for problem solving
  • Improved effectiveness and efficiency at problem solving
  • A practical understanding of Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
  • Problem solving effort may be adopted into the processes and methods of the organization
  • Improved skills for implementing corrective action
  • Better ability to identify necessary systemic changes and subsequent inputs for change
  • More candid and open communication in problem solving discussion, increasing effectiveness
  • An improvement in management’s understanding of problems and problem resolution

8D was created to represent the best practices in problem solving. When performed correctly, this methodology not only improves the Quality and Reliability of your products but also prepares your engineering team for future problems.

When to Apply Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

The 8D problem solving process is typically required when:

  • Safety or Regulatory issues has been discovered
  • Customer complaints are received
  • Warranty Concerns have indicated greater-than-expected failure rates
  • Internal rejects, waste, scrap, poor performance or test failures are present at unacceptable levels

How to Apply Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

The 8D process alternates inductive and deductive problem solving tools to relentlessly move forward toward a solution. The Quality-One approach uses a core team of three individuals for inductive activities with data driven tools and then a larger Subject Matter Expert (SME) group for the deductive activities through brainstorming, data-gathering and experimentation.

D0: Prepare and Plan for the 8D

Proper planning will always translate to a better start. Thus, before 8D analysis begins, it is always a good idea to ask an expert first for their impressions. After receiving feedback, the following criterion should be applied prior to forming a team:

Collect information on the symptoms

Use a Symptoms Checklist to ask the correct questions

Identify the need for an Emergency Response Action (ERA), which protects the customer from further exposure to the undesired symptoms

D1: Form a Team

A Cross Functional Team (CFT) is made up of members from many disciplines. Quality-One takes this principle one step further by having two levels of CFT:

  • The Core Team Structure should involve three people on the respective subjects: product, process and data
  • Additional Subject Matter Experts are brought in at various times to assist with brainstorming, data collection and analysis

Teams require proper preparation. Setting the ground rules is paramount. Implementation of disciplines like checklists, forms and techniques will ensure steady progress.  8D must always have two key members: a Leader and a Champion / Sponsor:

  • The Leader is the person who knows the 8D process and can lead the team through it (although not always the most knowledgeable about the problem being studied)
  • The Champion or Sponsor is the one person who can affect change by agreeing with the findings and can provide final approval on such changes

D2: Describe the Problem

The 8D method’s initial focus is to properly describe the problem utilizing the known data and placing it into specific categories for future comparisons. The “Is” data supports the facts whereas the “Is Not” data does not. As the “Is Not” data is collected, many possible reasons for failure are able to be eliminated. This approach utilizes the following tools:

  • Problem Statement
  • Affinity Diagram (Deductive tool)
  • Fishbone/Ishikawa Diagram (Deductive tool)
  • Problem Description

D3: Interim Containment Action

In the interim, before the permanent corrective action has been determined, an action to protect the customer can be taken. The Interim Containment Action (ICA) is temporary and is typically removed after the Permanent Correct Action (PCA) is taken.

  • Verification of effectiveness of the ICA is always recommended to prevent any additional customer dissatisfaction calls

D4: Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Escape Point

The root cause must be identified to take permanent action to eliminate it. The root cause definition requires that it can be turned on or off, at will. Activities in D4 include:

  • Comparative Analysis listing differences and changes between “Is” and “Is Not”
  • Development of Root Cause Theories based on remaining items
  • Verification of the Root Cause through data collection
  • Review Process Flow Diagram for location of the root cause
  • Determine Escape Point, which is the closest point in the process where the root cause could have been found but was not

D5: Permanent Corrective Action (PCA)

The PCA is directed toward the root cause and removes / changes the conditions of the product or process that was responsible for the problem. Activities in D5 include:

  • Establish the Acceptance Criteria which include Mandatory Requirements and Wants
  • Perform a Risk Assessment /  Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) on the PCA choices
  • Based on risk assessment, make a balanced choice for PCA
  • Select control-point improvement for the Escape Point
  • Verification of Effectiveness for both the PCA and the Escape Point are required

D6: Implement and Validate the Permanent Corrective Action

To successfully implement a permanent change, proper planning is essential. A project plan should encompass: communication, steps to complete, measurement of success and lessons learned. Activities in D6 include:

  • Develop Project Plan for Implementation
  • Communicate the plan to all stakeholders
  • Validation of improvements using measurement

D7: Prevent Recurrence

D7 affords the opportunity to preserve and share the knowledge, preventing problems on similar products, processes, locations or families. Updating documents and procedures / work instructions are expected at this step to improve future use. Activities in D7 include:

  • Review Similar Products and Processes for problem prevention
  • Develop / Update Procedures and Work Instructions for Systems Prevention
  • Capture Standard Work / Practice and reuse
  • Assure FMEA updates have been completed
  • Assure Control Plans have been updated

D8: Closure and Team Celebration

Teams require feedback to allow for satisfactory closure. Recognizing both team and individual efforts and allowing the team to see the previous and new state solidifies the value of the 8D process. Activities in D8 include:

  • Archive the 8D Documents for future reference
  • Document Lessons Learned on how to make problem solving better
  • Before and After Comparison of issue
  • Celebrate Successful Completion

8D - D0 Reference Card

8D and Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

The 8D process has Root Cause Analysis (RCA) imbedded within it. All problem solving techniques include RCA within their structure. The steps and techniques within 8D which correspond to Root Cause Analysis are as follows:

  • Problem Symptom is quantified and converted to “Object and Defect”
  • Problem Symptom is converted to Problem Statement using Repeated Whys
  • Possible and Potential Causes are collected using deductive tools (i.e. Fishbone or Affinity Diagram)
  • Problem Statement is converted into Problem Description using Is / Is Not
  • Problem Description reduces the number of items on the deductive tool (from step 3)
  • Comparative Analysis between the Is and Is Not items (note changes and time)
  • Root Cause theories are developed from remaining possible causes on deductive tool and coupled with changes from Is / Is Not
  • Compare theories with current data and develop experiments for Root Cause Verification
  • Test and confirm the Root Causes

Is Is Not Example

Example: Multiple Why Technique

The Multiple / Repeated Why (Similar to 5 Why) is an inductive tool, which means facts are required to proceed to a more detailed level. The steps required to determine problem statement are:

  • Problem Symptom is defined as an Object and Defect i.e. “Passenger Injury”
  • Why? In every case “SUV’s Roll Over”
  • Why? In every case, it was preceded by a “Blown Tire”
  • Why? Many explanations may be applied, therefore the team cannot continue with another repeated why past “Blown Tire”
  • Therefore, the Problem Statement is “Blown Tire”
  • Why? Low (Air) Pressure, Tire Defect (Degradation of an Interface) and High (Ambient) Temperature
  • Counter measures assigned to low pressure and tire defect

This example uses only 4 of the 5 Whys to determine the root causes without going further into the systemic reasons that supported the failure. The Repeated Why is one way to depict this failure chain. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) could also be used.

3 Legged 5 Why

Learn More About Eight Disciplines of Problem Solving (8D)

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Home > Quality Management > The 8D Problem-Solving Method: What is it And How To Use It

The 8D Problem-Solving Method: What is it And How To Use It

metodo 8d problem solving

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Table of Contents

The 8D ( 8D Problem-Solving Method ) method, also known as 8 disciplines, first appeared in Ford’s 1987 “Team-Oriented Problem Solving” manual. It is a tool that has stood the test of time and has become the first solution used by the company known today as Global 8D. Although the 8D method has been around for years, many companies still face the problem of low resolution and poor use of fixes.

Eight Laws of Problem-Solving ( 8D Problem-Solving Method ) are an efficient, effective, and proven way to identify the root cause of a problem, plan a quick solution, and prevent a solution, treatment, and recurrence of the problem. If your product is faulty or does not meet customer expectations, the 8D is a great first step toward improving quality and reliability. The 8D has become very popular with manufacturers, installers, and workshops worldwide due to its efficiency and ease.

8D Problem-Solving Method

Organizations can benefit from improving their production processes and preventing problems that can hinder productivity. This approach provides businesses with the necessary and practical tools to increase efficiency and take action when necessary.

The 8D Problem-Solving Method is the process of teaching and improving quality and eliminating problems. Here we will show you a step-by-step troubleshooting tool to help you identify the problem and identify issues and errors. It also helps identify root causes and take steps to resolve and prevent problems identified in the process. So, let us look at the steps:

1. D0: Planning and Preparation-

Planning and proper planning is a good start before taking action. The process begins with devising a plan and analyzing the problems the organization wants to solve. In this step, company leaders combine information from different sources and generate ideas. In general, at this stage, they identify the problem that needs urgent attention, the main resources that can be used to solve the problem, and the parties involved in the resolution process. The planning phase forms the basis for the next step.

Therefore, before building a team, you should consider:

  • Problem description
  • The time frame for resolution
  • Resources needed to complete the job.

2. D1: Formation of a Team-

This process is based on the creation of groups that will be part of the problem-solving process. During teamwork, the team leader will usually select someone with experience on the job and identify areas to consider in hiring professionals with skills in these areas. The group may also choose a leader to lead its efforts in the problem-solving process.

Building teams to do the 8D Problem-Solving Method is a weak spot for many organizations. Collaborating with people from relevant organizations is important because you cannot solve the problem without first-hand knowledge. If a part problem, the engineer responsible for the design should be in the team. If a production problem, it should be walked around by the staff from the special work area. Do not make the mistake of thinking that the 8D is a job only a competent person can do at their desk.

3. D2: Describing Problem-

The main purpose of the 8D approach is to accurately and objectively describe the problem so that all important information is captured. This step involves writing down detailed information and information to describe the problem, and this is another area where people run into a lot of trouble. Problem definition may mean walking the field to observe the problem on the production floor, reviewing quality data, and/or confirming/not validating the problem.

Organizations can further identify and solve the problem by identifying the problem. During this time, the team reviews issues that need fixing, and management maintains good communication with everyone on the team. Describe the situation in meaningful terms to help identify the potential and type of problem. Often, at this stage, the team writes problem statements, gathers information, and creates diagrams and charts to add to the project.

4. D3: Problem Containment Planning-

Sometimes it is necessary to develop a temporary problem management plan to reduce the impact of the problem until a permanent solution is found. New methods are needed to fix the problem until a permanent solution is found. Problem-solving is a process that takes time and goes through many stages. It is important to have a contingency plan when dealing with serious and persistent problems. Issue management can help reduce the immediate impact of an incident on a product or customer. Temporary protection plans often use quick, easy, and inexpensive measures that the team can reverse at a later stage if needed. With advice, it is important to analyze the results and monitor the situation carefully to prevent further damage.

Temporary protection minimizes the impact of the problem during a permanent solution, which is especially important when product quality or safety is at risk. Many automakers make the mistake of stopping at this point and causing confusion and correction. Sorting materials or clearing clutter only fixes the symptoms, not the cause. The result: repeated problems, higher costs, and loss of business.

5. D4: The Root Cause Analysis (RCA)-

There are many tools available to identify the true root cause of a problem. With the issue temporarily resolved, you can now begin to identify the cause of the inconsistency.

Once the interim plan is in effect, the next step will be an in-depth analysis of the root of the problem. The team examines each potential resource through in-depth analysis and testing. They bring in all relevant test data and discuss the unidentifiable details of the method. This issue is common and can help organizations better identify problems and prevent their recurrence in the future. Organizations often use marketing and visualization tools such as Five WHYs, the Fishbone diagram to visualize the cause, and the Pareto charts to identify root cause analysis.

6. D5: Analyzing Permanent Corrective Action-

Once the team has identified the source of the problem, we can decide what the best solution is. Networking with tools such as social mapping can help plan ideas and identify best practices through relationships.

After determining the best solution, the team evaluates corrective action against the root cause of the problem and escape points. With this information, they can compare corrections and write their results. At this stage, they can also make a risk assessment of each solution they create and choose the most appropriate one. Brainstorming combined with tools such as affinity diagrams helps organize ideas based on relationships and determine the best course of action.

7. D6: Implementing & Validating Permanent Corrective Action-

Management should be involved in verifying correct operation and this means that they must be present in the workshop to measure performance and in regular reviews of key performance indicators (KPIs). Leadership should be exemplified by examining the process from the paying customer’s perspective. It is worth noting that the 6 steps of the 8D Problem-Solving Method are when you are finally ready to use the correction, demonstrating the critical role of planning in this process.

Once a solution is identified, management should implement corrective actions using the PDCA (Plan Do Check Act) process with small tests before expansion. So, keep track of the results and tweak the fix to get the desired results. To achieve and implement a permanent change, the strategic plan should include:

  • Creating an action plan
  • Communicating the plan to all stakeholders
  • Recognizing improvement using metrics

8. D7: Preventing Recurrence-

Once the best solutions have been identified and tested, it is important to pursue permanent corrective action to eliminate roots and escapes. Generally, the organization pulls back the management plan from time to time, creates an action plan for the right action, and then communicates it to all stakeholders. To implement the plan, organizations monitor instant results and results over time. It also monitors the effectiveness of permanent fixes.

The organization should decide to take steps such as updating the process of checking questions and performing regular preventive maintenance on them, ensuring defect-free products for high-risk processes, and rejecting to avoid risking other processes.

9. D8: Recognizing Team Contributions-

When the problem is solved, the last step is to congratulate the team. Because teams need feedback to achieve great results, it is important to recognize their efforts and share their success across the organization. This increases motivation and employee engagement while helping you develop quality control, implement process improvements, and manage change as you grow.

At the final stage of the process, the team reviews their work and discusses the project and its achievements. Effective communication and comparison before and after the 8D Problem-Solving Method process helps the team. Awareness of personal effort and feedback is important during this period as it can increase job satisfaction.

About Henry Harvin 8D Analysis Course:

Henry Harvin’s 8D Problem-Solving Method Analysis course is designed to identify the root cause of a problem, develop a short-term solution strategy, and implement long-term solutions to prevent the recurrence of the problem and 8D gives you an understanding of Root Cause Analysis. It’s not just about solving problems. However, it can help prepare your engineering team for the future.

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  • Learn and find clear information on 8D analysis courses.
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Benefits of the 8D Problem-Solving Method include a better way to find the root cause, establish the necessary measures to eliminate the root cause, and apply the right treatment. The 8D method also helps find the control that is causing the problem to escape. The purpose of learning escape points is to improve management’s ability to identify failures or their causes (when and when they occur again). Finally, the prevention cycle examines the sequence of events that allowed the failure and the process that caused it to exist.

The 8D Problem-Solving Method approach is universally applicable to any organization that needs a solution. However, there are some industries and businesses that have been successful using this 8D method, such as manufacturing, the automotive industry, engineering companies that produce products, and large and medium-sized businesses.

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To complete the 8D process, the following are important:   i. Good team.   ii. A correct description of the problem.   iii. Not skipping the 8D Problem-Solving Method steps.   iv. Cooperation within the team and management support.

Some errors continued to occur as the team tried to locate the source of the problem and implement the correct solution. To prevent these defective products from reaching consumers, interim containment ensures that the defect remains in place until the problem is completely resolved. If the customer reaches the wrong location, it can lead to liability, failure, and customer dissatisfaction.

The 8D Problem-Solving Method report is a document used to document the 8D process, detailing the implementation of solutions and evaluating the effectiveness of solutions.  

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Mastering 8d problem solving: a comprehensive guide for businesses.

Table of contents

  • What is 8D Problem Solving?
  • The 8 Disciples of Problem Solving
  • Implementing 8D Problem Solving Methodology

Example of Successful 8D Problem Solving

  • Common Challenges and Best Practices

Measuring the Effectiveness of 8D Problem-Solving Efforts

The Eight Disciples (8D) of Problem Solving

Problem solving is a vital skill for any business that wants to survive and thrive in today’s competitive and dynamic environment. However, not all problems are created equal. Some are simple and straightforward, while others are complex and multifaceted. How can businesses effectively tackle these challenging problems and prevent them from recurring?

One of the most powerful and proven problem-solving methodologies is 8D problem solving. 8D stands for eight disciplines, which are a series of steps that guide teams through the process of identifying, analyzing, resolving, and preventing problems. 8D problem solving can help businesses improve their quality, reduce their costs, and enhance their customer satisfaction.

What is 8D Problem Solving

8D problem solving is a structured and systematic approach to solving complex problems that require cross-functional collaboration and root cause analysis. It was developed by Ford Motor Company in the late 1980s as a way to address customer complaints and improve product quality. Since then, it has been widely adopted by many organizations across various sectors.

The core principles and objectives of 8D problem solving are:

  • Focus on the customer’s needs and expectations
  • Involve a multidisciplinary team with relevant expertise and authority
  • Use data and facts to support decision making
  • Identify and eliminate the root causes of the problem
  • Implement corrective actions that prevent reoccurrence
  • Document and communicate the problem-solving process and results

The 8D methodology differs from other problem-solving approaches in several ways. First, it emphasizes team-oriented problem-solving. Second, it follows a sequential and logical order of steps that ensures thoroughness and consistency. Third, it uses various tools and techniques to facilitate analysis and action. Fourth, it incorporates feedback loops and verification methods to ensure effectiveness and sustainability.

The Eight Disciples of Problem Solving

D1: establish the team.

The first step in the 8D approach is to form a team that will work on the problem. The team should consist of members who have knowledge, experience, or involvement in the problem area. The team should also have a leader who will coordinate the activities and communicate with stakeholders.

The purpose of establishing the team is to:

  • Define the roles and responsibilities of each team member
  • Establish the scope and boundaries of the problem
  • Set the goals and expectations for the problem-solving process
  • Allocate the resources and time required for the process

D2: Describe the Problem

The second step in this problem-solving method is to define and describe the problem in detail. The team should use data and facts to describe the problem as accurately as possible. The team should also use tools such as the 5W2H method (who, what, where, when, why, how, how much), Six Sigma, or an IS/IS NOT matrix to clarify the aspects of the problem.

Defining and describing the problem allows businesses to:

  • Establish a common understanding of the problem among the team members
  • Identify the symptoms, effects, and impacts of the problem
  • Quantify the magnitude and frequency of the problem
  • Specify the criteria for evaluating potential solutions

D3: Develop Interim Containment Actions

The third step in 8D problem solving is to develop interim containment actions that will prevent or minimize the negative consequences of the problem until a permanent solution is found. The team should identify and implement actions that will isolate, control, or eliminate the causes or sources of variation that contribute to the problem.

When you develop interim containment actions, you:

  • Protect the customer from defective products or services
  • Reduce the risk of further damage or harm
  • Maintain operational continuity and stability
  • Buy time for root cause analysis and corrective actions

D4: Determine Root Causes

The fourth step in the 8D method is to determine the root causes responsible for creating or allowing the problem to occur. The team should use data analysis tools such as Pareto charts, histograms, scatter plots, or fishbone diagrams to identify possible causes. The team should also use root cause analysis techniques such as 5 Whys, fault tree analysis, or Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to verify or validate the causes.

The purpose of determining root causes is to:

  • Understand why the problem happened
  • Identify all possible factors that influence or contribute to the problem
  • Eliminate superficial or symptomatic causes
  • Prevent jumping to conclusions or making assumptions

D5: Choose Permanent Corrective Actions

The fifth step in 8D problem solving is to choose permanent corrective actions that will address or remove root causes permanently. The team should generate multiple possible solutions using brainstorming techniques such as SCAMPER (substitute, combine, adapt, modify, put to another use, eliminate, reverse) or TRIZ (theory of inventive problem solving). The team should also evaluate each solution using criteria such as feasibility, effectiveness, cost, risk, or impact.

Choosing permanent corrective actions helps to:

  • Select the best solution that meets customer needs and expectations
  • Ensure that root causes are eliminated or prevented from recurring
  • Consider trade-offs between different solutions
  • Plan for implementation challenges or barriers

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D6: implement permanent corrective actions.

The sixth step in 8D problem solving is to implement permanent corrective actions that were chosen in D5. The team should develop an action plan that specifies who will do what by when using tools such as Gantt charts or PDCA cycles (plan-do-check-act). The team should also execute the action plan according to schedule using tools such as checklists or standard operating procedures.

The purpose of implementing permanent corrective actions is to:

  • Put the chosen solution into practice
  • Monitor progress and performance during implementation
  • Resolve any issues or problems that arise during the implementation
  • Document changes or modifications made during implementation

D7: Prevent Recurrence

The seventh step in 8D problem solving is to prevent recurrence by ensuring that permanent corrective actions are effective and sustainable. The team should verify that root causes have been eliminated using tools such as control charts or statistical process control (SPC). The team should also validate that customer requirements have been met using tools such as surveys or audits.

Preventing reoccurrence helps to:

  • Confirm that permanent corrective actions have solved the problem
  • Evaluate customer satisfaction with products or services after implementation
  • Identify opportunities for further improvement or optimization
  • Standardize best practices or lessons learned from implementation

D8: Recognize Team Efforts

The eighth step in 8D problem solving is recognizing team efforts by acknowledging their contributions and achievements throughout the process. The team should celebrate their success by sharing their results with stakeholders using tools such as reports or presentations. The team should also appreciate their efforts by rewarding them with recognition or incentives.

The purpose of recognizing team efforts is to:

  • Motivate team members for future challenges
  • Build trust and rapport among team members
  • Enhance team morale and cohesion
  • Promote a culture of continuous improvement

Implementing 8D Problem-Solving Methodology

Implementing an 8D problem-solving methodology can be challenging for many businesses due to various factors such as organizational culture, resources, or complexity. However, with proper planning, preparation, and execution, it can be done successfully.

Here is some practical guidance on how businesses can effectively implement the 8D process:

Define clear roles & responsibilities for each discipline

One of the key factors for successful implementation is having clear roles & responsibilities for each discipline within the 8D process. Each discipline requires specific skills, knowledge, or authority that may not be available within a single person or department.

Therefore, it is important to assign appropriate roles & responsibilities for each discipline based on their expertise & involvement in the problem area.

Some examples of roles & responsibilities are:

8D Problem Solving Discipline Roles and Responsibilities

By defining clear roles & responsibilities for each discipline, businesses can ensure accountability, transparency, and collaboration throughout the process.

Establish a common language & framework for communication

Another key factor for successful implementation is having a common language & framework for communication among team members & stakeholders. Communication is essential for sharing information, ideas, or feedback during the process.

However, communication can also be challenging due to different backgrounds, perspectives, or expectations among team members & stakeholders. Therefore, it is important to establish a common language & framework for communication that can facilitate understanding, alignment, and agreement throughout the process. Some examples of common language & framework are:

  • Using standard terminology & definitions for the 8D process
  • Implementing visual tools & templates to document & present the 8D process
  • Using common metrics & criteria to measure & evaluate the 8D process
  • Establishing feedback mechanisms & channels to communicate & collaborate during the 8D process

By establishing a common language & framework for communication, businesses can ensure clarity, consistency, and quality throughout the process.

Provide adequate training & support for team members

A third key factor for successful implementation is providing adequate training & support for team members who are involved in the 8D process. Team members need to have sufficient knowledge, skills, or confidence to perform their roles & responsibilities effectively. However, team members may not have prior experience or exposure to the 8D process or its tools & techniques. Therefore, it is important to provide adequate training & support for team members that can enhance their competence & capability during the process. Some examples of training & support are:

  • Providing formal training sessions or workshops on the 8D process or its tools & techniques
  • Offering coaching or mentoring from experts or experienced practitioners on the 8D process or its tools & techniques
  • Contributing access to resources or references on the 8D process or its tools & techniques
  • Maintaining feedback or recognition of team members’ performance or improvement during the 8D process

By providing adequate training & support for team members, businesses can ensure effectiveness, efficiency, and engagement throughout the process.

To illustrate the versatility and applicability of 8D problem solving across different industries and contexts, here is a hypothetical example of successful 8D problem solving:

Example: Reducing Customer Complaints in a Food Manufacturing Company

A food manufacturing company was facing a high rate of customer complaints due to foreign materials found in their products. The company used 8D problem solving to address this issue and improve product quality. Here are the steps they took within each discipline:

The company formed a cross-functional team consisting of representatives from quality assurance, production, engineering, and customer service. The team leader was the quality assurance manager who had the authority and responsibility to coordinate the activities and communicate with stakeholders.

The team defined and described the problem using data and facts from customer complaints and product inspection records. The team used the 5W2H method to clarify the aspects of the problem. The problem statement was: “In the past six months, we have received 25 customer complaints due to foreign materials such as metal shavings, plastic pieces, or wood chips found in our products.”

The team developed interim containment actions that would prevent or minimize the occurrence of foreign materials in their products until a permanent solution was found. The team identified and implemented measures such as increasing the frequency and intensity of product inspection, installing additional metal detectors and filters in the production line, and segregating and quarantining any products that were suspected or confirmed to contain foreign materials.

The team determined the root causes that were responsible for creating or allowing foreign materials to enter their products. They then used data analysis tools such as Pareto charts and fishbone diagrams to identify potential causes. Root cause analysis techniques such as 5 Whys to verify or validate the causes were also implemented.

Ultimately, they found that there were three main root causes:

  • inadequate maintenance of equipment that resulted in metal shavings or plastic pieces falling off during operation;
  • improper handling of raw materials that resulted in wood chips or other contaminants being mixed in during storage or transportation;
  • lack of awareness or training of staff on how to prevent or detect foreign materials in products.

The team chose permanent corrective actions that would address or remove root causes permanently. The team generated multiple possible solutions using brainstorming techniques such as SCAMPER and TRIZ. They also evaluated each solution using criteria such as feasibility, effectiveness, cost, risk, or impact. Eventually, they selected the best solutions that met customer needs and expectations.

The solutions were:

  • implementing a preventive maintenance program for equipment that included regular inspection, cleaning, and replacement of parts;
  • establishing a quality control system for raw materials that included verification, testing, and labeling of incoming materials;
  • conducting a training program for staff on how to prevent, detect, and report foreign materials in products.

The team implemented permanent corrective actions that were chosen in D5. An action plan that specified who would do what by when using tools such as Gantt charts and PDCA cycles was then developed. They then executed the action plan according to schedule using tools such as checklists and standard operating procedures.

The team prevented recurrence by ensuring that permanent corrective actions were effective and sustainable. They first verified that root causes had been eliminated using tools such as control charts and statistical process control (SPC). Next, they validated that customer requirements had been met using tools such as surveys and audits. After implementing permanent corrective actions, the rate of customer complaints due to foreign materials dropped by 90%.

Team efforts were recognized by acknowledging their contributions and achievements throughout the process. The team celebrated their success by sharing their results with stakeholders using tools such as reports and presentations. Management also appreciated their efforts by rewarding them with recognition or incentives such as certificates, gift cards, or bonuses.

Common Challenges and Best Practices in 8D Problem Solving

Despite its benefits and advantages,

8D problem solving can also pose some challenges for businesses that want to implement it effectively. Some of these challenges are:

  • Resistance to change from staff or management who are used to existing processes or practices
  • Lack of commitment or support from senior leaders who do not see the value or urgency of problem-solving
  • Difficulty in defining or measuring problems
  • Insufficient data or information to support analysis or decision making
  • Conflicts or disagreements among team members or stakeholders due to different opinions or interests

To overcome these challenges and ensure successful 8D problem solving, businesses can adopt some best practices such as:

  • Communicating the benefits and objectives of 8D problem solving to staff and management
  • Securing the buy-in and sponsorship of senior leaders who can provide direction and resources
  • Using clear and objective criteria to define and measure problems
  • Collecting and analyzing relevant and reliable data or information
  • Resolving conflicts or disagreements through constructive dialogue and compromise

To ensure that 8D problem-solving efforts are not wasted or forgotten, businesses need to measure the effectiveness and impact of their initiatives. Measuring the effectiveness of 8D problem-solving efforts can help businesses:

  • Assess whether they have achieved their goals and expectations
  • Evaluate whether they have improved their performance and customer satisfaction
  • Identify areas for further improvement or optimization
  • Demonstrate their value and credibility to stakeholders

To measure the effectiveness of 8D problem-solving efforts, businesses can use various methods such as:

  • Key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be used to quantify the results or outcomes of 8D problem-solving initiatives. Some examples of KPIs are customer satisfaction scores, defect rates, cycle times, or cost savings.
  • Data collection and analysis tools that can be used to gather and interpret data or information related to 8D problem-solving initiatives. Some examples of data collection and analysis tools are surveys, audits, control charts, or statistical process control (SPC).
  • Periodic reviews and feedback mechanisms can be used to monitor and evaluate the progress and performance of 8D problem-solving initiatives. Some examples of periodic reviews and feedback mechanisms are reports, presentations, meetings, or feedback forms.

By measuring the effectiveness of 8D problem-solving efforts, businesses can ensure that they are continuously improving their quality, efficiency, and customer satisfaction.

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What is the 8D Problem Solving? And How to use the 8D Report?

The 8D problem-solving process (also known as the 8 Disciplines) is very different from previous processes we explored previously, such as the Double Diamond process or the IBM Design Thinking. The 8D process works in a rigid standardised nature to address the crisis caused by problems. The 8D process aims to walk with the team to highlight the problem, its root causes and propose a long-term solution. The process is documented in an 8D report which includes details of each of the eight stages. At the end of this article, we will explore an example report, and you can find a free 8D report template to download.

In times of crisis, companies face the challenge of analysing and solving problems efficiently in a short time to save developed projects. Problem-solving techniques such as the  TRIZ method  and  Hurson’s Production Thinking Model  allow companies to overcome crises and solve problems using less effort and time.

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  • The Double Diamond Design Thinking Process and How to Use it
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  • Design Thinking Tools: Reverse Brainstorming

Brief History of the 8D Problem Solving

The 8D method was first implemented by the US government during WW II as a military standard and was referred to as the Army Directive 1520, “Remedies and disposal of nonconforming materials.” In 1987, the demand for a team-oriented problem-solving method increased among the management organisation in the automotive industry to find a way to eliminate recurring issues.

Ford Motor Company published their manual,  Team Oriented Problem Solving (TOPS),  which includes their 8 Disciplines of the problem-solving process. The process was initially used to deal with quality control and safety issues inside the company but later expanded its role to a team approach problem-solving method. The 8D process is employed by engineers and designers to identify, analyse, and correct problems by eliminating the primary source that caused the problem.

So, what are the eight steps in the 8D methodology? The 8D problem solving process includes 8 Disciplines. In the mid-90s, a D0 step for planning was added to the process. The 8D steps include the following:

  • D1: Team formation
  • D2: Describe the problem
  • D3: Develop a temporary containment plan
  • D4: Determine and verify root causes
  • D5: Verify the permanent solution
  • D6: Implement the permanent solution
  • D7: Prevent recurrence
  • D8: Congratulate your team

The 8 Disciplines aim to achieve the following targets while solving the specified problem:

  • Think as a team while solving the problem
  • Isolate the situation and understand its causes
  • Identify the factors that contribute to the problem
  • Provide a temporary solution to halt the impact of the problem
  • Eliminate the causes of the problem and the factors contributing to it
  • Prevent the problem from recurring

When Should the 8D Problem Solving be Used?

Based on the above targets, the 8D problem solving process is designed for complex problems whose solution exceeds the ability of one expert. Also, it aims to establish communication for problem resolution through different levels inside the company. In some situations, the consumer or the management team requests the application of the 8D process through several forms or documentation.

While 8D problem solving is suitable for recurring problems that may repeatedly occur within a project or company, it is not ideal for simple issues that can be solved quickly by individual efforts. The process is unsuitable for a problem that can be solved with a straightforward solution. The 8D process is designed for complex issues, which require several weeks to solve and the involvement of at least four people.

8D problem solving provides a systematic process to find and solve problems. Therefore, if the situation requires choosing between alternative solutions, 8D acknowledges that other tools may help solve the problem better than the 8D process.

8D problem solving

How to Apply the 8D Problem Solving Process?

The steps below form the 8 Discipline process to achieve targeted problem solving through the eight steps.

This discipline is also known as the Pre 8D because it aims to understand the problem and determine if the 8D process is the correct method to use. At this stage, the team aims to answer general questions such as:

  • Is this a new problem, or has it happened before?
  • Is this a recurring problem?
  • What is the history of this issue?
  • What was the method used to solve the problem before?

At this stage, the target is to learn about the problem’s history and decide if the 8D process is the best tool to solve the problem.

D1: Team Formation

Thinking as a team can produce more efficient solutions than trying to solve a problem alone. The team includes all the stakeholders involved in the situation. The team communicates with each other and performs brainstorming to solve the problem (check  Design Thinking Tools: Reverse Brainstorming ). If the team does not know each other, the brainstorming time can be used to learn how to teach members to explore ideas together. Methods can be used in brainstorming sessions such as mind mapping , Six Thinking Hats , and  Lego Serious Play.

D2: Describe the Problem

After team formation, the second step is to understand the problem and its risks. This stage starts with a risk analysis to identify the situation and how it can affect the project flow. Several methods can be used to analyse the problem from different perspectives, including  SWOT analysis ,  SCAMPER technique , and similar tools. This stage is essential to building a clear vision of the problem and ensuring all stakeholders have the same understanding of the situation.

D3: Develop a Temporary Containment Plan

While solving the problem, there should be a temporary containment plan to prevent the problem from affecting the rest of the project or the final product. This temporary containment solution is a short-term operation such as adding more labour, increasing the quality measurements, applying a risk plan, etc.

It is essential to understand that the containment action is not the real solution and can only be used for the short term. Therefore, this action can be applied internally and not affect the process of reaching a permanent solution.

D4: Determine and Verify Root Causes

This stage aims to investigate the root causes of the problem; it can be considered the core of the 8D problem solving process. In many problems, what we see as causes are symptoms of other root causes. This misunderstanding can lead to inaccurate attempts at solutions that can have negative consequences in the future and leave the underlying problem unsolved.

An intensive investigation should be implemented because, in many cases, the root cause is hidden inside the process and covered by many symptoms, which is confusing. Some tools can be used to define the root causes of the problem, such as  brainstorming , statistical analysis, flow charts, audits, etc.

D5: Verify the Permanent Solution

Once the root cause is defined, the solution becomes apparent, and the team better understands how to solve the problem. However, the symptoms and other related factors may create difficulties deciding how best to apply the solution. So, these other factors should be considered when determining the permanent solution to the dilemma.

When choosing the permanent solution to the problem, it should meet the following criteria to ensure it is the ideal solution for the problem:

  • The solution should be practical
  • The solution should be feasible
  • The solution should be cost-effective
  • The solution should not fail during production
  • The solution should be implemented in all affected facilities in the company

D6: Implement the Permanent Solution

Once the solution is approved, this step tends to work as an action plan. This plan aims to outline the steps to implement the solution. It is common to ask questions in this stage: What should be done? Who should be involved in the correction plan?

More documentation and detailed plans should be created if the solution is complex and needs further procedures. The method may include training the team and checking the plan’s progress for further development and improvement.

D7: Prevent Recurrence

Once the action plan is set and ready to be implemented, the team should establish a plan to prevent the problem from occurring in the future. The action plan should be tested and documented as part of the process to avoid the recurrence of the problem. Some of the tools that can achieve this goal are Control Charts, Capabilities Analysis, and Control Plans.

D8: Congratulate the Team

After completing the task and implementing the solution, the team deserves an acknowledgement of their work and a celebration. This event will positively impact the stakeholders and reflect recognition of employees’ efforts from the management inside the company.

How do you Write an 8D Report?

The primary documentation used in the problem solving process is the 8D report. Korenko et al. (2013) presented an example of the 8D problem-solving application, Application 8D Method For Problems Solving . After this example, you can find a free 8D Report template that you can download and use for both commercial and noncommercial applications. The first part of the report, D0, includes information about the problem and the project details related to the project. D1 section contains details of the team involved in the project, roles, titles and contact information. D2 part of the report includes a detailed description of the problem and possible visual images to show the problem clearly. The report can consist of the type of damage of the failure and the function where the problem occurs (Figure 2).  

8D Report example

D3 includes details of the temporary solution for the problem required to stop the damage rapidly. In this part, the temporary remedy is described, particularly the symptoms affect, the responsibility, and the validation of the action. In D4, the team uses a root-cause method such as the 5WHYs or the Cause-Effect analysis (Fish Bone method). These methods help the team to identify the root causes of the problem. In Figure 3, the 5WHYs method is used several times to identify the root cause of the problem. 

8D Report example

D5 of the report provides details about the permanent solution to fix the problem. Unlike the temporary solution, this aims to element the root causes of the problem. This section includes the procedure’s name, the reason to use it, the responsibility, the management approval to apply it and the expected date of completing the utilisation of the solution, as seen in Figure 4. In the following stage, D6, the team provides details on the implementation and validation of the permanent action.

8D Report example

D7 provides details about preventing the recurrent problem, such as the name of the action after the validation process in the previous stage. Also, this stage provides details of the cause behind this action and elements about its responsibility and implementing details. Finally, in D8, the report includes a summary of the procedure and the proper approvals related to the procedure implementation (Figure 5). 

8D Report example

Free 8D Report Template Download

Free 8D Report Template

You can download the below 8D report, which you can use for commercial and noncommercial projects. Don’t forget to mention Designorate as the source of this free 8D report.

The 8D Problem Solving process provides a reliable and systematic method that ensures that the problems inside a company or project are solved by eliminating their root causes and preventing recurrence. However, it is most suitable for complex problems that can take weeks or even months to solve. Therefore, the first stage aims to determine if the 8D process is ideal for the problem or if more straightforward tools should be implemented. If the 8D problem solving method is appropriate for your business problem, you have a step-by-step template to guide you through your attempts to find a suitable solution to the obstacle you need to overcome.

Dr Rafiq Elmansy

I'm an academic, author and design thinker, currently teaching design at the University of Leeds with a research focus on design thinking, design for health, interaction design and design for behaviour change. I developed and taught design programmes at Wrexham Glyndwr University, Northumbria University and The American University in Cairo. Additionally, I'm a published book author and founder of Designorate.com. I am a fellow for the Higher Education Academy (HEA), the Royal Society of Arts (FRSA), and an Adobe Education Leader. I write Adobe certification exams with Pearson Certiport. My design experience involves 20 years working with clients such as the UN, World Bank, Adobe, and Schneider. I worked with the Adobe team in developing many Adobe applications for more than 12 years.

metodo 8d problem solving

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The Evolution of 8D Problem-Solving: From Basics to Excellence

8D Problem-Solving - The Evolution of - Feature Image - Learnleansigma

  • Learn Lean Sigma
  • 8D Problem Solving

In a world where efficiency and effectiveness are more than just buzzwords, the need for robust problem-solving methodologies is greater than ever. Among the myriad of approaches that organizations adopt to tackle challenges, the 8D Problem-Solving framework stands as a testament to both versatility and efficacy. Originating from military standards and later popularized by the automotive industry, 8D has evolved to become a universal tool for identifying issues, analyzing root causes, and implementing sustainable solutions.

This blog post aims to guide you through the captivating history and evolution of the 8D Problem-Solving approach. From its early days as a checklist in quality management to its modern adaptation using advanced statistical tools and cross-industry applications, we’ll explore how 8D has transformed into a comprehensive, adaptable, and highly effective method for tackling problems in various sectors. Whether you’re new to 8D or looking to deepen your understanding, this article offers valuable insights into its development and current applications.

Table of Contents

The genesis: where it all began, the military origins.

The very first seeds of the 8D Problem-Solving methodology were sown during World War II. It was incorporated into Military Standard 1520, a framework aimed at addressing product and service failures. At the time, the military faced complex challenges that often involved multiple variables and high stakes. These challenges required a disciplined approach to problem-solving that could help identify and eliminate the root causes of failures.

Limited Initial Reach

Despite its structured approach, the method had limited reach and was not extensively used outside military applications. This was primarily due to two reasons:

  • Specificity : The original framework was tailored for military applications, which made it less relatable to civilian industries.
  • Complexity : The depth of the method often required specialized training, which acted as a barrier for broader adoption.

The Automotive Revolution: Ford Takes the Wheel

Fast forward to the 1980s, and the landscape of quality management began to change. Companies were increasingly focusing on systematic approaches to problem-solving and continuous improvement. It was during this era that the 8D Problem-Solving approach got a second life through its adoption by the Ford Motor Company.

Ford was facing growing competition and realized the need for a structured, repeatable problem-solving methodology. The 8D framework fit the bill perfectly, as it provided a step-by-step approach to identify issues, analyze their root causes, and implement corrective measures.

Standardization and Beyond

Once Ford demonstrated the success of implementing the 8D methodology, it became part of the larger Quality Management Systems. Organizations began to see the value in a disciplined approach to problem-solving, and thus, 8D started its journey towards standardization and broader industrial application.

By embracing quality management principles like ISO 9001, the 8D approach transformed from a ‘military-specific’ solution to a universally applicable method for problem-solving. This was a pivotal moment in its history, paving the way for the methodology’s future evolutions and its adoption across diverse sectors.

The origin story of 8D Problem-Solving is a compelling tale of adaptation and evolution. From its military roots to its mainstream industrial applications, the methodology has proven its mettle in solving complex problems methodically and effectively.

The 8 Disciplines: A Quick Overview

Understanding the 8 Disciplines that make up the 8D Problem-Solving approach is crucial for comprehending its comprehensive nature. For a comprehensive guide on how to navigate each of the eight disciplines, you can visit Learn Lean Sigma’s 8D Problem Solving Guide .

8D Problem-Solving

Here’s a brief rundown:

This is the preparatory stage where you outline the scope of the problem and plan the resources required for the problem-solving process.

D1: Team Formation

A cross-functional team is assembled with individuals who have the skills and knowledge needed to solve the problem effectively.

D2: Problem Description

The issue at hand is clearly defined, often using tools like the 5W2H (Who, What, When, Where, Why, How, How much) to ensure everyone understands it.

Problem Definition - is / is not template

D3: Interim Containment Actions

Temporary actions are taken to contain the problem and prevent it from causing immediate harm while the root cause is being investigated.

D4: Root Cause Analysis

Through data collection and analysis, the underlying cause of the problem is identified. Methods like the Fishbone Diagram or 5 Whys are commonly used.

Identifying a root cause

D5: Permanent Corrective Actions

Once the root cause is known, permanent solutions are developed and tested to ensure they effectively solve the problem.

D6: Implement and Validate Solutions

The validated solutions are fully implemented. Metrics are set up to monitor the effectiveness of the solutions over time.

D7: Preventive Measures

Actions are taken to prevent the recurrence of the problem in the future. This often involves updating procedures or training.

D8: Closure and Team Celebrations

The project is formally closed, and the team’s efforts are recognized and celebrated, often leading to increased motivation for future projects.

These eight disciplines provide a structured, step-by-step approach to problem-solving, ensuring that issues are not just solved but also prevented from recurring.

Would you like to know how each of these disciplines integrates with modern tools and methodologies like Lean Six Sigma? Stay tuned for more in-depth articles on this topic.

The Evolutionary Milestones of 8D Problem-Solving

1. initial adoption and standardization, the checklist era.

In its formative years, the 8D methodology was primarily a checklist approach to problem-solving. Organizations used it as a guide to ensure that they didn’t miss critical steps in the problem-solving process. While effective, it lacked the rigor and structure to be universally adopted as a standard.

Integration into Quality Management Systems

The game-changer came when 8D was integrated into Quality Management Systems like ISO 9001. This move provided the methodology with the structure and standardization it needed to be widely accepted. It moved from being a simple checklist to a deeply structured, documented process that required evidence-based actions at every stage.

2. Cross-Industry Application

Breaking industry barriers.

By the late 1990s and early 2000s, the 8D methodology began to show its versatility. What started in the automotive and military sectors soon found applications in healthcare, FMCG, logistics, and even software development.

Universal Principles

The universality of its principles meant that it could provide a structured way to approach problem-solving in different settings. The discipline it instilled in the process made it a favorite across industries, proving that good problem-solving techniques are not confined by industry boundaries.

3. Integration with Other Methodologies

The synergistic approach.

In more recent years, 8D has been combined with other methodologies like Six Sigma, Kaizen, and Lean. This integration has made the process far more robust, marrying the structured approach of 8D with the data-driven and continuous improvement aspects of these methodologies.

Enhanced Problem-Solving

For instance, integrating Six Sigma techniques into the Root Cause Analysis stage (D4) has allowed for a more sophisticated and accurate identification of root causes, making the solutions more effective and sustainable.

Six Sigma Principles

4. Technological Enhancements

The data revolution.

The advent of advanced statistical tools and software has significantly impacted the 8D methodology. Data analytics platforms and specialized software have made the data analysis phase far more sophisticated, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the entire process.

5. Adaptation for Smaller Issues

Quick 8d and micro 8d.

Recognizing that not every problem requires a full-blown 8D approach, the methodology has been adapted into “Quick 8D” or “Micro 8D” versions. These are less resource-intensive and can be implemented much quicker, making 8D accessible for smaller issues without sacrificing the integrity of the problem-solving process.

The 8D Problem-Solving methodology has shown remarkable adaptability and resilience, evolving over the years to meet the demands of a rapidly changing industrial landscape. Each evolutionary milestone has added layers of effectiveness, making it a reliable choice for organizations aiming for excellence in problem-solving.

Modern-Day Applications and Case Studies of 8D Problem-Solving

The 8D Problem-Solving methodology has come a long way from its military and automotive roots. Today, it has been adopted by a variety of industries and sectors, demonstrating its versatility and effectiveness in solving a wide range of problems. Below are some noteworthy applications and case studies.

Service Industries

Hospitality sector.

In the hospitality sector, 8D has been employed to improve customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. For example, a hotel chain used 8D to identify the root cause of frequent customer complaints about room cleanliness, eventually implementing new training programs for housekeeping staff.

Hospital Operations

Hospitals have applied 8D to solve problems related to patient safety, medical errors, and operational bottlenecks. One case study from a leading hospital showcased how 8D helped reduce the time required for the emergency room triage process, thus saving lives.

Software Development

Debugging and quality assurance.

In software development, 8D has found a place in debugging and quality assurance phases. It helps teams systematically identify, analyze, and resolve software bugs, leading to more reliable products.

Manufacturing Giants and Their Case Studies

General electric.

GE used the 8D methodology to improve the reliability of their turbine engines. After identifying the root cause of frequent failures, they implemented corrective actions that increased the lifespan of the engines, saving both time and resources.

Toyota, a name synonymous with quality and efficiency, has frequently turned to 8D for solving complex engineering and manufacturing challenges. One documented case study revealed how Toyota used 8D to reduce the defect rate in one of its assembly lines, thus improving productivity and quality.

In the consumer electronics industry, Samsung employed 8D to tackle the battery issues plaguing its Galaxy Note series. By systematically identifying the root cause, Samsung was able to implement corrective actions that restored consumer trust in their products.

The wide-ranging applications of 8D in various industries underscore its flexibility and robustness as a problem-solving methodology. These case studies are not just isolated examples; they are a testament to the adaptability and efficacy of the 8D approach in solving real-world problems.

The 8D Problem-Solving methodology has undergone a remarkable journey, evolving from its origins in military applications to becoming a universally adopted framework across a spectrum of industries. Its structured, step-by-step approach not only solves immediate issues but also lays down preventive measures to avoid future occurrences. This adaptability is evidenced by its successful implementation in sectors as diverse as healthcare, software development, and manufacturing.

Companies like General Electric, Toyota, and Samsung have leveraged 8D to drive impactful changes, highlighting the methodology’s potential for fostering organizational excellence. As we move forward in an increasingly complex and dynamic world, the 8D approach will undoubtedly continue to be a cornerstone for effective problem-solving and continuous improvement.

  • Zarghami, A. and Benbow, D.W., 2017.  Introduction to 8D problem solving . Quality Press.
  • Camarillo, A., Ríos, J. and Althoff, K.D., 2017.  CBR and PLM applied to diagnosis and technical support during problem solving in the Continuous Improvement Process of manufacturing plants .  Procedia Manufacturing ,  13 , pp.987-994.

Daniel Croft

Daniel Croft

Daniel Croft is a seasoned continuous improvement manager with a Black Belt in Lean Six Sigma. With over 10 years of real-world application experience across diverse sectors, Daniel has a passion for optimizing processes and fostering a culture of efficiency. He's not just a practitioner but also an avid learner, constantly seeking to expand his knowledge. Outside of his professional life, Daniel has a keen Investing, statistics and knowledge-sharing, which led him to create the website learnleansigma.com, a platform dedicated to Lean Six Sigma and process improvement insights.

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The 8D method: easy and effective problem-solving as a team

metodo 8d problem solving

The 8D method

Do you want to improve your management, or more specifically your problem-solving processes? With the 8D template, you can learn how to react quickly to a problem, and prevent it from recurring in the future. Follow the eight steps of the 8D process, and you will easily find the most suitable long-term solutions to your problems!

The 8D method: eight steps to find and implement long-term solutions to a problem

Are you looking for an effective problem-solving method? The 8D template uses eight disciplines or specific steps to help teams find suitable long-term responses to a problem. So this is just what you need!

This template comes from the Japanese management approach known as Kaizen , a continuous improvement process based on simple and inexpensive concrete actions. It’s all about working as a team to make small improvements every day .

Follow the 8D method to involve all the teams affected by the problem, and find the appropriate solutions. This way, you promote continuous improvement to eradicate any problems identified in a process or a project:

  • Create the working group
  • Define the problem
  • Fix it in the short term
  • Identify its root causes
  • Assess the solutions
  • Measure the effectiveness of corrective actions
  • Standardize improvement actions 
  • Congratulate the team

metodo 8d problem solving

What are the benefits of the 8D process?

On a day-to-day basis, team management often makes you choose to not fix small recurring irritants, as long as they don't bring a project to a standstill. However, it’s by addressing these small problems that you will see your productivity, efficiency and long-term project management improve greatly from one day to the next!

Whether you manage one or more teams, working at different times and in different places, the 8D tool can be used in person or even for remote working thanks to the Board , Klaxoon’s whiteboard. This shared space that can be accessed at any time, and on any connected device, helps you to quickly react to a problem in your business. You no longer need to postpone projects or team meetings because setting up a problem-solving process could take too long and slow down your business.

What’s more, with the 8D method you can analyze every aspect of a problem and eradicate it permanently , thanks to the last step, “Standardizing Solutions”. This will save you a lot of time for the rest of your project. Finally, it’s the ideal method to work with because it applies to all types of problems , whatever your project.

How to follow the 8D method with Klaxoon

1. create the working group.

Start by inviting your team to your whiteboard, then create your working group. Everyone has to send their photo in an idea, and add their name as a Dimension .

2. Define the problem

Once you’ve done the first step, you have to correctly define your problem . To do this, use the 5W1H method to ask yourself the right questions: 

3. Correct problems in the short term

Next, you need to define together the solutions that you can implement immediately . Ask all the participants to send their ideas to control the situation as quickly as possible in the D3 area. You’ll get a lot of ideas, so ask everyone to like their two favorites, i.e., the ones they think are the easiest to implement and will have the best impact . Finally, apply the one that gets the most likes in the end.

4. Identify the root causes

Now, tackle longer-term solutions that are slower to implement . To do this, go to step 4 of the 8D process, to identify the root causes of the problem: ask yourself “Why?” five times or more, to deep dive into your problem. Here, you can also use Klaxoon's dedicated 5 Whys template to help you. 

This step is essential to ensure the long-term solutions to be implemented are set up correctly.

5. Define permanent corrective actions

Once the root cause is discovered, collectively propose long-term solutions in D5 . Use the Dimensions to add two key pieces of information: 

  • The name(s) of the action owners
  • An implementation date for the solution

The first part of the method ends here: at this stage, everyone knows what they have to do and when it needs to be done .

6. Measure the effectiveness of permanent corrective actions

Once the corrective actions have been implemented, bring the team back to this Board after a certain time, for the second part of the method. Copy the actions previously defined in D6, and then launch a Yes/No Poll Question to assess the effectiveness of these actions. 

An example of question could be: “Did the action that you implemented solve the problem?” This way, you identify the solutions that you want to keep in the long term , and the ones to modify or abandon.

You can also do this step asynchronously . Contact the participants before the meeting, and ask them to answer the Question and add explanations in comments. So when your meeting starts, you avoid a tedious round table and you’re all set to process the information and act as a team.

7. Standardize improvement actions

This is a crucial step of the 8D method. Now that the effectiveness of the solutions has been assessed, what you have to do in D7 is propose ideas for deploying your long-term solutions on a large scale , for other products or in other teams. Keep in mind that the goal is for the problem never to recur again.

8. Congratulate the group

This step should not to be overlooked! Use D8 to congratulate the team on your progress and your results , and take the opportunity to summarize your improvements and share any photos of the results!

Klaxoon

You too can adopt Klaxoon!

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Mastering the 8D Problem Solving Method: A Comprehensive Guide

8D Problem Solving

It is often said that “a stitch in time saves nine.” Efficient problem-solving is an essential skill , especially in a professional environment.

When it comes to addressing complex issues, the 8D Problem Solving method has gained significant traction across various industries. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the 8D Problem Solving method, its history, and its application across multiple sectors.

History of the 8D Problem Solving Method

The 8D Problem Solving approach has its origins in World War II when the American military was under intense pressure to produce reliable weapons as quickly as feasible.

The military established a methodical approach to problem-solving, focusing on quality control and continual improvement, to ensure that resources were used effectively.

This was the first instance of what would later develop into the 8D technique.

The writings of Walter Shewhart , W. Edwards Deming , and Joseph M. Juran , who set the groundwork for contemporary quality control and continuous improvement ideas, had a substantial impact on the development of the 8D Problem Solving approach.

These guidelines stress the value of data-driven decision-making and the necessity for businesses to take a pro-active approach to problem-solving.

The Ford Motor Company faced intense competition from Japanese automakers in the 1980s, which caused it to struggle.

Ford used quality control and continuous improvement as its guiding principles and included the 8D Problem Solving process into its business practices to regain its footing.

The automobile sector adopted the 8D methodology widely as a result of the initiative’s success.

The 8D Problem Solving approach gained popularity outside of the automobile industry as it showed continuous promise.

The 8D methodology is now being used by businesses in a variety of industries, such as manufacturing, healthcare, and technology, to solve complicated issues, enhance their operations, and guarantee customer happiness.

The 8D Problem Solving approach has attained widespread acceptance throughout a number of industries.

It is a potent tool for businesses looking to improve their problem-solving skills and promote long-term success due to its systematic approach, emphasis on teamwork, and emphasis on continual improvement.

The Eight Disciplines of 8D Problem Solving

metodo 8d problem solving

D1: Form a Team

Assembling a diverse team with relevant expertise

The first phase in the 8D process is to put together a varied team of people with the necessary knowledge, making sure that all viewpoints and skill sets are represented. This multidisciplinary approach makes it easier to recognize problems and produce creative solutions.

Defining roles and responsibilities

The tasks and responsibilities of each team member must be established once the team has been constituted. Team members can work cooperatively and effectively by setting clear expectations, ensuring that everyone’s abilities are utilized to the utmost extent. It keeps the problem-solving process on track and upholds accountability.

D2: Define the Problem

Accurate problem description

Accurately characterizing the current problem is the second discipline of the 8D technique. In order to do this, the team must acquire pertinent data, analyze it, and create a clear, succinct statement describing the problem. A focused and efficient problem-solving approach is built on a well identified problem.

Gathering data and identifying root causes

To create long-lasting solutions, the problem’s underlying causes must be determined. The team must gather information from a variety of sources, such as consumer feedback, product testing, or process performance measurements, in order to accomplish this. The team is able to uncover patterns, trends, and potential fundamental causes thanks to this data-driven approach, which also ensures that the problem-solving procedure is unbiased and grounded in facts.

D3: Develop an Interim Containment Plan

Quick, temporary solutions

Minimizing the effects of a problem is crucial in the field of problem solving. Creating an interim containment strategy, which offers quick, temporary solutions to the issue, is the third discipline in the 8D technique. These quick fixes aid in limiting the harm, stopping more problems, and buying the team some time while they produce a more long-term fix.

Mitigating damage and preventing further issues

It is essential to keep an eye on the interim containment plan’s efficacy and adjust as necessary as you go. This guarantees that the short-term fix works to contain the harm and stop the issue from getting worse. Any lessons learnt during this phase should also be recorded by the team because they will be helpful in creating the ultimate corrective action.

D4: Identify Root Causes

8D Problem Solving-Root Cause

Root cause analysis techniques

The fourth discipline of the 8D technique entails examining the issue more closely in order to determine its underlying causes. Various root cause analysis methods, including the Five Whys, Fishbone Diagram, and Fault Tree Analysis, must be used in this situation. The team may create focused solutions that address the issue at its source rather than just treating its symptoms by determining the fundamental causes of the problem.

Verifying root causes through data

Verifying potential root causes with data is crucial after the team has discovered them. Taking this step, the team can avoid being misled by assumptions or unrelated elements and instead concentrate on the real core cause. The team may be confident that their suggested remedies will be successful in tackling the problem by validating the main causes using data.

D5: Choose and Verify Permanent Corrective Actions

Developing and evaluating potential solutions

The team can now consider various solutions after determining the root reasons. “Two heads are better than one,” as the saying goes, and this collaborative process frequently produces innovative and useful ideas. The team should assess each alternative after producing a list of potential corrective actions based on elements including feasibility, cost, and potential impact. This makes it more likely that the selected solution will be both workable and efficient.

Implementing and verifying chosen solution

It’s crucial to assess the effectiveness of the chosen solution before fully applying it. A small-scale trial or a pilot program can be used to accomplish this. The team may be certain that their selected corrective action will be successful when used on a bigger scale by confirming the solution’s success in resolving the issue.

D6: Implement Permanent Corrective Actions

Developing a detailed action plan

The team must create a thorough action plan for putting the selected solution into practice when it has been verified. This strategy should specify the actions, materials, and timetable required for a full integration of the solution into the organization’s operations. A comprehensive action plan makes for an effective implementation that minimizes any hiccups or setbacks.

Monitoring implementation and adjusting as needed

It’s essential to keep an eye on the permanent remedial action’s development and adjust, as necessary. The team may make sure that the solution is properly integrated and produces the required results by remaining alert and reacting to any unforeseen obstacles.

D7: Prevent Recurrence

Identifying potential future issues

The 8D method’s seventh discipline focuses on predicting prospective problems that might develop in the future from comparable underlying causes. The team can help to prevent repeat incidences and continuously enhance the organization’s procedures by foreseeing and addressing these possible issues.

Adjusting processes and procedures to prevent recurrence

The team should analyze and make any necessary modifications to the organization’s systems and procedures to stop the issue from happening again. This can entail creating new quality control procedures, updating the documentation, or changing the training materials. Implementing these changes, the company can promote a climate of continuous development and make sure that the lessons discovered throughout the problem-solving procedure are incorporated into every aspect of its day-to-day work.

D8: Congratulate the Team

Recognizing team achievements

It’s important to acknowledge the team’s effort and commitment when the 8D technique has been implemented successfully. Celebrating their accomplishments promotes a sense of ownership, boosts morale, and encourages continuing commitment to ongoing growth.

Sharing lessons learned with the organization

The team should share their lessons learned with the broader organization. Doing so, they can help to disseminate the knowledge gained during the problem-solving process, fostering a culture of learning and improvement throughout the company.

Practical Application of the 8D Problem Solving Method

8D Problem Solving

Numerous industries, including aerospace, automotive, healthcare, manufacturing, and technology, have successfully used the 8D Problem Solving method. These actual instances show how adaptable and successful the system is at solving a variety of challenging issues .

Although the 8D method offers a structured approach to problem-solving, it is crucial to customize the procedure to the particular requirements and context of the current problem.

This could entail modifying the chronology, modifying the root cause analysis methods, or adding new data sources.

The team can ensure the most efficient problem-solving procedure by continuing to be adaptable and flexible.

Tips for Successful 8D Problem Solving Implementation

8D Problem Solving

Emphasizing clear communication

Clear communication is the lifeblood of effective problem-solving.

Throughout the 8D process, the team should prioritize open and honest communication, ensuring that all members have a thorough understanding of the problem, the chosen solution, and their individual responsibilities.

Fostering a culture of collaboration and continuous improvement

A collaborative and improvement-focused culture is key to the success of the 8D method.

Encouraging open dialogue, mutual support, and ongoing learning, the organization can create an environment in which the 8D method can thrive.

Employing project management tools and techniques

Project management tools and techniques can be invaluable in facilitating the 8D process.

Using tools such as Gantt charts, project management software, or Kanban boards, the team can better track progress, allocate resources, and manage timelines.

These tools can help to keep the problem-solving process organized and efficient, ensuring that the team stays on track and achieves their goals.

Final Thoughts

The 8D Problem Solving method is an effective and adaptable way for tackling complicated challenges in a variety of industries.

Organizations may methodically identify and address problems, stop them from happening again, and promote a culture of continuous improvement and adhering to the eight disciplines.

As we’ve seen, the 8D method’s effectiveness depends on putting together a varied team, upholding clear communication, customizing the procedure for particular circumstances, and using efficient project management tools and approaches.

We urge you to use the 8D Problem Solving method inside your organization now that you have a thorough understanding of it.

Doing this, you may not only address issues more quickly, but also unleash the long-term growth potential of your company.

If you can master the 8D approach, your business will have a better future and you’ll be well-equipped to traverse the waters of problem-solving.

Q: What is the 8D Problem Solving method?

A : A systematic strategy for addressing complicated challenges across multiple industries is the 8D Problem Solving method. It consists of eight disciplines that help firms recognize problems, find solutions, stop them from happening again, and promote a continuous improvement culture.

Q: What are the origins of the 8D Problem Solving method?

A : The United States military created a systematic approach to problem-solving during World War II that was centered on quality control and continual improvement, and this is where the 8D technique got its start. The Ford Motor Company later adopted and promoted the technique in the 1980s.

Q: What are the eight disciplines of the 8D Problem Solving method?

A : The eight disciplines of the 8D method are

  • Form a Team
  • Define the Problem
  • Develop an Interim Containment Plan
  • Identify Root Causes
  • Choose and Verify Permanent Corrective Actions
  • Implement Permanent Corrective Actions
  • Prevent Recurrence
  • Congratulate the Team

Q: How can the 8D method be applied across different industries?

A : The 8D method is adaptable and may be used to solve a wide variety of complicated problems in a number of different industries, including manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, healthcare, and technology. Organizations should modify the process to match the particular requirements and context of the current challenge in order to utilize the 8D technique effectively.

Q : What are some tips for successfully implementing the 8D Problem Solving method?

A : To ensure the success of the 8D method, organizations should

  • Emphasize clear communication.
  • Foster a culture of collaboration and continuous improvement.
  • Employ effective project management tools and techniques .

Q: What is the role of root cause analysis in the 8D method?

A : The 8D method’s key element is root cause analysis, which identifies the root reasons of an issue. Organizations can create focused solutions that solve the issue at its foundation rather than just masking the symptoms by addressing the root causes.

Q: How can the 8D method help prevent the recurrence of problems?

A : By recognizing potential future issues that may result from comparable root causes and modifying processes and procedures accordingly, the 8D technique aids in preventing the recurrence of problems. This proactive strategy assists companies in making continuous improvements and reducing the possibility that similar issues will arise again.

Ronnie Patterson

Ronnie Patterson

Ronnie Patterson, founder of MagnÜron, is a multifaceted entrepreneur with a diverse background in music, electronics engineering, and engineering management. Drawing on experience across various industries, He offers expertise in SEO, operations, and strategy to help businesses thrive. Possessing a unique perspective and unwavering commitment to collaboration, and ideal partner for growth and success.

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8D Problem Solving | How We Leverage The 8 Disciplines

Posted on September 6, 2019

BY Borja Gomez

8 minutes, 21 seconds read

8d problem solving

The 8D problem-solving model is an invaluable tool for when things go wrong or need to be improved. It’s a collaborative and methodical approach to addressing critical problems, often used to enhance production processes. It does this by facilitating root cause analysis, containment plan development, and corrective solution implementation.  

When it comes to manufacturing, service delivery, or any number of other disciplines, problems will occur. It’s common for businesses to experience issues with product quality, process changes, or scaling their operations. Recurring problems cost businesses money, use up resources, and decrease efficiency. These issues can also frustrate customers, disengage team members, and concern shareholders, so it’s crucial to address them quickly and that is exactly what 8d does.

  In order to resolve issues and drive improvement , it’s important to understand what’s at the core and then be proactive in addressing it. Whether you need to identify the root cause of a problem, take short-term corrective actions, or implement a permanent long-term solution, the 8D method can help. In this article, we explore how, when, and why to use the 8D problem-solving approach.

What is 8D Problem Solving?

8D problem solving is a practical approach to addressing negative issues in business. The ‘8D’ stands for ‘eight disciplines’ which provide a structured framework that project teams can work through. By following the analysis and steps that it outlines, organizations can solve problems that are critical to operations or particularly challenging.

  This model was initially used by the US military during the Second World War. It was known as the ‘Team Oriented Problem Solving’ (TOPS) method which Ford Motors later popularized. The automotive manufacturer refined the process and tools.  It was then renamed to the Eight Disciplines (8D) of Problem Solving. 8D is sometimes confused as a lean six sigma tool but it actually isn’t one. However, 8D can be useful in Kaizen continuous improvement efforts and striving towards lean processes.

Why Use These 8 Disciplines?

The goal of 8D problem solving and 8D methodology is to contain and solve the primary root causes of a problem and state corrective actions for problem solving. 8D provides a framework for undertaking the initial analysis to get the right data and information, pilot testing, and final execution of a solution. Addressing issues in this way is beneficial for a number of reasons;

  •         Containment – the eight disciplines problem-solving approach allows you to first contain the issue at it’s cause so that its negative effects are mitigated.
  •         Root cause analysis (RCA) – it then enables you to identify the core of the problem so that an effective solution can be found and repetitions of the issue are avoided.
  •         Increases successful outcomes – using a proven framework like 8D problem-solving increases the likelihood that an issue will be solved successfully and for the long term.
  •         Efficiency – the 8D model identifies causes that can negatively impact efficiency and productivity so that businesses operate to their fullest potential.
  •         Profitability – removing problems means that operations run more smoothly and there are fewer customer refunds, both of which contribute to greater profitability.

Enabled by PDCA, problem-solving and corrective actions allows companies to execute containment in a collaborative manner. It facilitates the analysis of root causes and the implementation of both corrective and preventative actions. It provides a structured approach that is transparent and enables cross-functional collaboration so that the best possible solution is found.

Who 8D Can Help

Most organizations have problems that need solving, so the 8D methodology is universally applicable. However, there are industries and sectors where this structured approach is particularly useful;

  •         Manufacturing – automotive industry and engineering companies that manufacture products or parts.
  •         Companies looking to scale – as it’s important to iron out any kinks in processes and procedures in the data before scaling (when small problems quickly become magnified).
  •         Medium and large-scale enterprises – those that have scaled, but are still experiencing growing pains.

How to Apply the 8D Disciplines

Applying the 8Ds is a matter of working through the eight disciplines in order. Here’s an overview of those steps and disciplines that form the 8D framework;

  •         D1: Create a team
  •         D2: Describe the problem
  •         D3: Develop a containment plan
  •         D4: Identify and verify root causes
  •         D5: Validate permanent solutions
  •         D6: Define and implement countermeasures or corrective action
  •         D7: Prevention measures
  •         D8: Congratulate the team

Now let’s look at how to apply each of these disciplines in a little more detail.

D1: Create a team

Create a team with people who are members of different functions or disciplines. Having varied backgrounds and experiences will lead to the best quality inputs and most rounded end solutions. It’s recommended to have a team leader and define clear roles for your people so that the team operates smoothly from the start.

D2: Describe the problem

The problem needs to be objectively defined in a way that captures all of the key information. During this analysis, It can be helpful to ask what, who, where, when, how, and how much in order to develop a clear description.  So an important part of 8D is to ask the right questions:  

  •         What – what is happening?
  •         Who – who is being affected?
  •         Where – where is it occurring?
  •         When – when and how frequently is it happening?
  •         How – how does the problem take place?
  •         How much – quantify the impact of the problem

D3: Develop a containment plan

A quick fix is sometimes needed to solve the problem temporarily until a permanent solution can be found. After an initial analysis of the data, it might be necessary to ensure that further people or customers aren’t affected or the problem doesn’t worsen before being resolved with an interim containment strategy. Once you’ve developed an interim containment plan with they hypothetical causes, it can help to free up resources for addressing the main problem.  

D4: Identify and verify root causes

In order to solve a problem successfully, it’s vital to identify all of the root cause elements. If one is missed, then a problem may reoccur in the future despite your improvement efforts. There are several tools that can help you to identify the true root cause of an issue, including the 5 Whys and Fishbone diagrams.

D5: Validate permanent solutions

Once the root causes are understood in the 8D data, the team can begin brainstorming permanent corrections. It’s important to think through all of the options fully to understand whether there are any unwanted implications or possible side-effects. Although one solution should be agreed upon, it can be beneficial to have plan B or C options too.

D6: Define and implement countermeasures or corrective action

Once a solution is identified, it can be implemented. The outcomes and corrective actions should be carefully tracked to ensure the results are as expected. The PDCA (plan-do-check-act) approach is particularly useful in this regard as it allows for small-scale testing before large-scale rollout.

D7: Prevention measures

Solving problems fully means preventing them from occurring in the first place. In addition to corrective actions in the 8D methodology, preventative measures should also be implemented. This may involve reviewing management processes, operating procedures, and training manuals to ensure that best practices are followed.

D8: Congratulate the team

Once the problem is solved, the final step is to congratulate the team. It’s important to recognize their efforts and share their success across the organization. This aids motivation and employee engagement, while encouraging others to also be proactive in addressing root causes with corrective actions.

It’s often helpful to use a digital tool for managing and executing 8D problem solving. This streamlines the entire process of project management and result tracking. Lean manufacturing software like Rever makes the problem-solving process quicker and easier by consolidating information, communication, and implementation into one handy tool. It can help you improve quality control, execute process improvements, and aid change management as you grow.

Your 8D Problem Solving & Continuous Improvement Tool

Rever’s innovative software is all about sharing and reusing, doing, and tracking. Continuous improvement becomes a hundred times easier with our innovative digital tools that support 8D. Using Rever’s dashboard, you can monitor the performances of your teams, the summary of their impact, and easily identify the people making the biggest difference at your company.

Rever Cycle is our version of the 8D methodology and guides your teams on corrective action with the exact steps to follow to execute their own ideas. Our platform leverages the 8 disciplines, causing teams to capture the entire process, from identifying a problem at it’s cause to experimenting and implementing a data-driven corrective action. They can use it to capture the before and after with pictures, notes and drawings, making their ideas a reality in no time. The time of your team is too valuable to be wasted in handmade drawings and complex explanations.

At Rever, we believe that anybody can be a knowledge worker and thrive. What makes us human is the capacity to grow our intellect and will, and to use them for good. We observe, especially at work, that most people are asked to stop thinking and do as they are told. We want to change that. We enable people to achieve their full creative potential with all the right tools.

Would you like to learn more about 8D problem solving software and how your company can benefit? Then get a demo today with one of our friendly continuous improvement experts.

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  • Problem Solving - Employing the 8D Methodology

Employing the 8D Methodology - Problem Solving

  • Register for courses 60 days in advance and get 10% off this price.
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  • Note:Pricing is dependent on location and may vary.

Course Duration: 2 Days - 8 Hours/day

This two day seminar covers all phases of the team approach to identifying and solving problems, based on the eight-discipline methodology. The Global 8D Process is taught using a real life case study.

Learning Objectives

  • Demonstrate an ability to complete all sections of an 8D report
  • Explain the relationship of all the different entries on an 8D
  • Evaluate an existing 8D to determine its effectiveness
  • Demonstrate the linkage between 8D and FMEA

Course Outline

  • Problem Solving Overview
  • D1: Form Team
  • D2: Describe the Problem
  • Breakout Exercise: Problem Identification and Containment
  • D3: Contain Symptoms – Implement and Verify Interim Actions
  • Breakout Exercise: Interim Containment Actions
  • D4: Find and Verify Root Causess
  • Breakout Exercise: Root Cause Analysis
  • D5: Select Permanent Corrective Actions
  • Breakout Exercise: Corrective Actions
  • Decision Making
  • Breakout Exercise: Decision Making Exercise
  • D6: Implement Permanent Corrective Actions
  • Breakout Exercise: Implementing and Validating the PCA
  • D7: Prevent System Problems
  • D8: Closure and Team Congratulation
  • Breakout Exercise: Preventive Action and Close-Out

Who Should Attend

This seminar is designed for individuals and teams who are responsible for identifying, solving and eliminating problems that hinder quality, productivity and Customer Satisfaction.

Course Materials

Each participant will receive a seminar manual, including a complete package of problem solving worksheets and checklists for each step of the process, as well as all team exercise materials.

Note: Omnex does not provide copies of standard(s) during training courses, but clients are encouraged to have their own copy.

Pre-Requisite

Participants should possess the ability and/or desire to work with small groups of people in a cooperative and productive manner to achieve planned objectives.

Upcoming Training

Related courses.

Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerance (GD&T) - Gage Design

Design of Experiments (DOE)

Tolerance Stack-Up Analysis (GD&T Application)

Effective Problem Solving (EPS) - Problem Solving Methodology and Concepts

Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) - Blueprint Reading

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Metodo 8D Problem Solving

Il Metodo 8D Problem Solving (noto anche come metodo delle 8 Discipline) è un metodo sviluppato presso Ford Motor Company utilizzato per affrontare e risolvere problemi, tipicamente impiegato da ingegneri o altri professionisti.

La Metodologia 8D è incentrata sul miglioramento del prodotto e del processo, il suo scopo è identificare, correggere ed eliminare i problemi con cause sconosciute.

Il Metodo 8D stabilisce un'azione correttiva permanente basata sull'analisi statistica del problema e sull'origine del problema determinandone le cause profonde.

Sebbene originariamente il Metodo 8D comprendesse otto fasi, o "discipline", è stato successivamente ampliato da una fase di pianificazione iniziale. 8D segue la logica del ciclo PDCA .

Il Metodo 8D è diventato uno standard per la gestione della qualità IATF 16949 nel settore automotive, dell'assemblaggio e in altri settori che richiedono un processo di risoluzione dei problemi strutturato e approfondito utilizzando un approccio di squadra.

FMEA

Metodo 8D: gli obiettivi

Metodo 8d: il progetto.

Il progetto è articolato nelle seguenti 8 fasi:

  • D0 - Preparazione e azioni di risposta alle emergenze: pianificare la risoluzione del problema e determinare i prerequisiti. Fornire azioni di risposta alle emergenze.
  • D1 - Costituzione del team di lavoro: creare un team di circa 8-10 persone con conoscenza del prodotto / processo. I membri della squadra forniscono nuove prospettive e idee diverse quando si tratta di risolvere i problemi.
  • D2 - Descrizione del problema: specificare il problema identificando in termini quantificabili chi, cosa, dove, quando, perché, come e quanti (5W2H) per il problema.
  • D3 - Piano di contenimento del problema mentre si cercano le cause che l'hanno originato: definire e implementare azioni di contenimento per isolare il problema da qualsiasi cliente.
  • D4 - definizione e verifica delle cause che hanno originato il problema o impediscono il miglioramento: identificare tutte le cause applicabili che potrebbero spiegare il motivo per cui si è verificato il problema. Identificare anche il motivo per cui il problema non è stato notato nel momento in cui si è verificato. Tutte le cause devono essere verificate o provate. Si possono usare le 5W o diagrammi di Ishikawa per mappare le cause contro l'effetto o il problema identificato.
  • D5 - scelta dell'azione correttiva: utilizzando programmi di preproduzione, confermare quantitativamente che la correzione selezionata risolverà il problema. In questa fase si verificherà pertanto che la correzione risolva effettivamente il problema.
  • D6 - implementazione dell'azione correttiva : definire e implementare le migliori azioni correttive. Inoltre, convalidare le azioni correttive con prove empiriche di miglioramento.
  • D7 - Prevenire la ricorrenza / Problemi di sistema: modificare i sistemi di gestione, i sistemi operativi, le pratiche e le procedure per prevenire il ripetersi di questo e di problemi simili.
  • D8 - Congratulazioni ai contributori principali al tuo team: riconoscere gli sforzi collettivi del team. Il team deve essere formalmente ringraziato dall'organizzazione.

Metodo 8D: gli strumenti

  • Grafici di Pareto o diagrammi di Pareto
  • 5W e 2H (chi, cosa, dove, quando, perché, come, quanti o quanto)
  • Processo di controllo statistico
  • Grafici a dispersione
  • Progettazione di esperimenti
  • Diagrammi di flusso o mappe di processo

Metodo 8D: i vantaggi

I vantaggi della metodologia 8D includono approcci efficaci per trovare una causa principale, sviluppare azioni adeguate per eliminare le cause principali e implementare l'azione correttiva permanente.

La metodologia 8D aiuta anche a esplorare i sistemi di controllo che hanno permesso di sfuggire al problema.

L' Escape Point è studiato allo scopo di migliorare la capacità del Sistema di Controllo di rilevare il guasto o la causa quando e se dovesse ripetersi.

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metodo 8d problem solving

Metodología de las 8D para la resolución de problemas ¿La conoces?

  • 30 junio, 2020
  • Raquel Toro
  • ISO 9001:2015

Metodología de las 8D

Las Ocho disciplinas para la resolución de problemas (en inglés Eight Disciplines Problem Solving) es un método diseñado para encontrar la causa raíz de un problema, idear una solución a corto plazo e implementar una solución a largo plazo que evite la recurrencia del mismo . También es conocida como metodología de las 8 o de forma abreviada como 8D.

El origen de esta metodología se atribuye a Ford Motor Company, en 1987, quien estandarizo el proceso para resolver problemas complejos en una secuencia de 8 pasos sistemáticos en el manual titulado «Team Oriented Problem Solving», dicho documento cambio las perspectivas de resolución de los problemas , de un enfoque correctivo, a un enfoque más preventivo. El objetivo del método es eliminar o minimizar el riesgo de la reincidencia de los errores, al tomar acciones tanto en los efectos evidentes de los problemas , como en sus causas raíces.

Cada paso es denominado “disciplina”, pues el éxito de proceso depende de la sinergia y compromiso de cada una de las personas involucradas. Si bien surgió como una estrategia para disminuir las no conformidades de procesos y productos que se hacían repetitivas con el paso de los años , hoy por hoy es un método efectivo lograr mejoras sustanciales en todos los procesos.

¿Cómo aplicar las 8D?

8D parte de la premisa de ¿cómo se debe resolver un problema?, y no solo en cómo se resuelve, en este sentido el ciclo de la resolución se subdivide en dos ciclos, un ciclo de detección y un ciclo de prevención .

El ciclo de detección comprende la creación del equipo de mejora, el análisis descriptivo del problema y la planificación y ejecución de soluciones temporales que eliminan los efectos materializados del error, este ciclo buscar una respuesta inmediata (pasos del 1 al 3).

El ciclo de la prevención, va un poco más al origen del problema y a las acciones que pueden tomarse para prevenir su reaparición, para ello implica un análisis más holístico del problema, su contexto, los factores de variabilidad que generaron dicho efecto, por ello incluye un paso de análisis de causas raíces , en donde se verifica la correlación de los métodos, maquinas, medio ambiente, materiales, mediciones y el factor humano en el problema a prevenir, y en base a estos resultados se planifican y ejecutan las acciones que eliminen esos focos de errores (causas raíces), este ciclo busca una solución sostenible que prevenga la reincidencia de los errores (pasos del 4 al 8).

A continuación, explicaremos cada una de los pasos de las 8 Disciplinas:

Define un Equipo para la solución del problema

Este equipo deberá ser multidisciplinario y formado por los colaboradores involucrados directamente o relacionados indirectamente con el problema, los cuales deben contar con los conocimientos, habilidades y de ser posible la autoridad para tomar las decisiones de las soluciones más efectivas para el problema.

Asimismo, será necesario explicar claramente a todos los miembros su papel, y el alcance de sus responsabilidades, se recomienda tener un líder de equipo, quien sería el responsable de coordinar las reuniones y hacer seguimiento al cumplimiento de los compromisos de cada uno de los miembros del equipo.

Describe del problema

Conocer y entender claramente cuál es el problema, es vital para para poder iniciar su resolución, una gran proporción de las soluciones que terminan siendo ineficaces, se originan por un entendimiento inadecuado de los problemas , aunque parece obvio, es una falla recurrente el no realizarlo o no darle la importancia que amerita.

La extensión de la descripción del problema, va a variar en función a la complejidad del mismo, puede incluir datos conocidos del contexto del problema, o investigaciones de problemas similares, como mínimo debería describir de las características del problema .  Uno de los métodos más usados para ello es 5W + 2H, el cual consiste en responder una 7 de preguntas que en conjunto permiten tener una caracterización detallada de los problemas:

  • What / Que?: Describe de forma breve del problema que se está presentando.
  • When / Cuando?: Describe el momento en el cual se está viendo el problema (momento del día, semana, mes, etc.).
  • Where / Donde?: Describe dónde se están materializando los problemas (una Línea de producción, una Máquina, un lugar, un producto o un proceso, etc).
  • Who / Quien?: Describe a quién le sucede el problema, y si está o no, relacionado con sus habilidades.
  • Why / Por Qué?: Describe las condiciones aparentes, que están generando el problema (por ejemplo, por una falla de la máquina, por una manipulación inadecuada, etc)
  • How / Como?: Describe cómo se diferencia el problema del estado normal (óptimo), hay alguna tendencia en la que aparece el problema, es aleatoria o sigue un patrón.
  • How Much / Cuanto?: Describe como se cuantifica el problema, ¿Cuántos problemas se dan en un dia? ¿En una semana? ¿En un mes? ¿Cuánto dinero están implicando?

Desarrolla e implementa una solución inmediata / Contención temporal

En lugar de esperar hasta el final del proceso para solucionar el problema de raíz, en el enfoque de las ocho disciplinas, es necesario aplicar una solución temporal desde el principio, esta debe ser asequible, fácil de poner en práctica y fácil de deshacer una vez que se haya seleccionado la solución permanente (cuando aplique).

Al implementar una contención temporal una vez que se ha caracterizado el problema, es posible limitar el daño que se le hace a la organización mientras se espera una solución definitiva y permanente que garantice la no recurrencia, por ejemplo, en el caso de las quejas por productos no conformes,  un reemplazo del producto es una acción inmediata, que si bien no garantiza que no se vuelva a entregar un producto en condiciones similares , si provee una solución temporal de cara al cliente, mientras se analiza internamente las causas y se diseñan soluciones permanente, para que no se repita con ningún cliente.

Analiza e identifica la(s) causa(s) Raíz (RCA)

En esta disciplina está el corazón del método, y es donde el equipo realmente «se pondrá manos a la obra» en lo que respecta a encontrar una solución al problema. Una vez que se tiene la solución temporal, es posible dedicar más tiempo en la identificación de las causas reales que están generando el problema.

A este propósito, existen diferentes técnicas de análisis para responder en equipo la pregunta ¿Por qué sigue surgiendo este problema?, como, por ejemplo, 5 ¿Por qué?, Análisis estadístico de datos, Diagrama Ishikawa, Diagrama de Árbol, Diagrama de Relaciones, Flujograma, Análisis de Pareto, Tormenta de ideas, Juicio experto u otras, donde el equipo podrá identificar, valorar y priorizar las causas raíz

Desarrolla e implementa soluciones permanentes / Acciones correctivas permanentes.

En este paso se determinan las acciones correctivas con base en la(s) causa(s) raíz identificadas con éxito previamente, por cada causa se debería definir por lo menos una solución que se va a implementar a largo plazo con el objetivo de eliminar dicha causa , el conjunto de soluciones a largo plazo compone el plan de acciones correctivas que se implementarán.

Una vez que el equipo ha definido un Plan de acciones correctivas, se deben implementar y validar cuidadosamente que el resultado producido es el deseado, antes de implementar dicha solución de forma permanente .

Verifica y monitorea las soluciones

Verificar que las acciones tomadas hayan logrado el resultado deseado, y sean capaces de lograrlo en diferentes contextos con problemas similares, es una de las principales fortalezas de este modelo , pues usualmente no se toma en cuenta la efectividad de las soluciones.

Hay diferentes formas de probar que la solución que se ha alcanzado es efectiva, a corto plazo la forma más simple es observar la reincidencia del problema o identificar cualquier otro problema que pudo haber surgido como resultado de estos cambios, a mediano y largo plazo se debe hacer un monitoreo de los efectos producidos por cada acción y por la solución en general.

Si a corto plazo, no se están logrando los resultados esperados o si la solución tiene efectos secundarios no deseados, es necesario volver al paso 4 y tomarse el tiempo de replantear las causas y/o las acciones para garantizar el éxito al final.

Ahora bien, una vez que se han realizado las pruebas, inspecciones, evaluaciones y/o auditorias, y el resultado confirma que la solución fue efectiva, es hora de comunicar e implementar de manera permanente la solución que haya elegido.

Evita que el problema se repita

Las mejores soluciones son aquellas que evitan que el problema vuelva a ocurrir. En el paso anterior se verifico que las solucione implementadas, solucionaron el problema de forma permanente, ahora en este paso es necesario reflexionar y definir cómo puede organizar o estructurar la solución permanente , para que toda la organización conozca como actuar y tome las medidas para garantizar que este problema no se vuelva a enfrentar en algún momento en el futuro.

Esta etapa permite establecer un estándar de trabajo para tratar los problemas símiles , en procesos y productos similares o en cualquier contexto de la organización

Cierra el problema y reconoce contribuciones

Finalmente, a fin de incentivar la mejora continua , es necesario reconocer a los miembros del equipo por su labor, en este sentido la organización debería recompensar ​​y felicitar formalmente a todos los colaboradores que participaron en la solución, de esta manera se incentiva la participación, comunicando cuánto se aprecia su trabajo en la organización, tipo de reconocimiento apropiado, dependerá de la cantidad de trabajo realizado en el proceso y de qué problema se resolvió finalmente.

En síntesis, 8D es una ruta ordenada que transita un equipo multidisciplinario, compuesta por 8 pasos predefinidos para identificar y describir un problema, analizar de sus causas, determinar y planificar el conjunto de acciones que permitan lograr solución efectiva , verificar el resultado de la solución y retroalimentar a los involucrados, para mejorar el aprendizaje y la forma de aplicar el método en ciclos posteriores, y a su vez mejorar la gestión sistémica de los problemas.

El Software ISOTools, una herramienta que facilita la Mejora Continua

El Software ISOTools  se basa en el ciclo de Mejora Continua, de manera que permite que las organizaciones trabajen hacia la Excelencia.

ISOTools  ayuda a las organizaciones a alcanzan su máximo rendimiento gracias a una gestión y compartición del conocimiento  dentro de una cultura general de aprendizaje, innovación y mejora continua.

Independiente del método que se lleve a cabo, se trata de una herramienta clave para alcanzar la mejora continua en cualquier organización.

Guía de implementación para la ISO 9001

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  1. What is 8D problem solving? Complete guide for 2023

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  4. What is 8D Problem solving methodology ?

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  5. 8D Methodology 8D Problem Solving Method With Example

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  1. Eight disciplines problem solving

    Eight Disciplines Methodology ( 8D) is a method or model developed at Ford Motor Company used to approach and to resolve problems, typically employed by quality engineers or other professionals. Focused on product and process improvement, its purpose is to identify, correct, and eliminate recurring problems. [1]

  2. What is 8D? Eight Disciplines Problem Solving Process

    The Eight Disciplines (8D) are a problem solving tool used to correct, identify and remove recurring issues halting the production process. Learn more about 8D analysis at ASQ.org.

  3. 8D Problem Solving Process

    Figure 1: The 8D Problem Solving Process The 8D Process works best in teams tasked with solving a complex problem with identifiable symptoms. However, you can also use this process on an individual level, as well. Applying the Tool To use the 8D Process, address each of the disciplines listed below, in order.

  4. What is 8D? A template for efficient problem-solving

    The eight disciplines (8D) method is a problem-solving approach that identifies, corrects, and eliminates recurring problems. By determining the root causes of a problem, managers can use this method to establish a permanent corrective action and prevent recurring issues.

  5. 8D

    The 8D problem solving process is a detailed, team oriented approach to solving critical problems in the production process. The goals of this method are to find the root cause of a problem, develop containment actions to protect customers and take corrective action to prevent similar problems in the future.

  6. The 8D Problem-Solving Method: What It Is And How To Use It

    The 8D Problem-Solving Method is the process of teaching and improving quality and eliminating problems. Here we will show you a step-by-step troubleshooting tool to help you identify the problem and identify issues and errors. It also helps identify root causes and take steps to resolve and prevent problems identified in the process.

  7. 8 Disiplines Of Problem Solving (8D)

    8D Problem Solving is a structured, team-oriented methodology that consists of eight steps—known as the Eight Disciplines—to identify, analyze, and resolve complex problems. Originally formalized by Ford Motor Company, this approach is widely used across various industries for its effectiveness in finding and eliminating the root causes of ...

  8. Guide: 8D Problem Solving

    8D Problem Solving is a systematic and structured approach used to solve business related problems. It names has been given by the fact there are 8 steps or 8 disciplines that are followed to identify, correct and eliminate recurring problems. 8D Problem Solving is regarded as robust methodology that has proven its worth across multiple ...

  9. 8D Problem Solving: A Guide for Businesses

    8D problem solving is a structured and systematic approach to solving complex problems that require cross-functional collaboration and root cause analysis. It was developed by Ford Motor Company in the late 1980s as a way to address customer complaints and improve product quality.

  10. 8D Problem-Solving Process: How To Apply the 8 Disciplines

    8D problem-solving is an approach that quality engineers and manufacturers use to identify and address challenges throughout a project. 8D refers to the eight different disciplines, or steps, that the process entails. Note that since its inception, the 8D problem-solving method has added a stage for planning at the beginning of the process.

  11. What is the 8D Problem Solving? And How to use the 8D Report

    What is the 8D Problem Solving? And How to use the 8D Report? Dr Rafiq Elmansy 05/25/2022 8D Problem Solving 14 min read The 8D problem-solving process (also known as the 8 Disciplines) is very different from previous processes we explored previously, such as the Double Diamond process or the IBM Design Thinking.

  12. The Evolution of 8D Problem-Solving: From Basics to Excellence

    8D Problem Solving The Evolution of 8D Problem-Solving: From Basics to Excellence In a world where efficiency and effectiveness are more than just buzzwords, the need for robust problem-solving methodologies is greater than ever.

  13. The 8D method: easy and effective problem-solving as a team

    PRO The 8D method Level In-person Remote Get template now Reading time: min (s). Do you want to improve your management, or more specifically your problem-solving processes? With the 8D template, you can learn how to react quickly to a problem, and prevent it from recurring in the future.

  14. Mastering the 8D Problem Solving Method: A Comprehensive Guide

    D1: Form a Team D2: Define the Problem D3: Develop an Interim Containment Plan D4: Identify Root Causes D5: Choose and Verify Permanent Corrective Actions D6: Implement Permanent Corrective Actions D7: Prevent Recurrence D8: Congratulate the Team Practical Application of the 8D Problem Solving Method

  15. The 8D Problem-Solving Method: What It Is And How To Use It

    The 8D problem-solving method is a comprehensive, qualitative and collaborative practice that professionals use to recognise, fix and eliminate recurring problems. It is a systematic procedure that involves improving business processes and operational efficiency. This method uses a team-based approach that focuses on eight distinct stages to ...

  16. PDF 8D Problem Solving Process

    8D steps. D0 - Prepare for the 8D Process. D1 - Establish Team. D2 - Describe the Problem. D3 - Develop Interim Containment Actions. D4 - Define and Verify Root Cause and Escape Point. D5 - Choose and Verify Permanent Corrective Actions for Root Cause. and Escape Point. D6 - Implement and Validate Permanent Corrective Actions.

  17. The 8D Problem-Solving Methodology

    8D stands for eight discipline problem-solving methodology. The 8Ds are: 1. Select an appropriate team. 2. Formulate the problem definition. 3. Activate interim containment. 4.

  18. 8D Problem Solving

    8D problem solving is a practical approach to addressing negative issues in business. The '8D' stands for 'eight disciplines' which provide a structured framework that project teams can work through. By following the analysis and steps that it outlines, organizations can solve problems that are critical to operations or particularly ...

  19. 8D Problem Solving Method with Examples

    The eight disciplines (8D) model is a problem solving approach typically employed by quality engineers or other professionals, and is most commonly used by the automotive industry but has also been successfully applied in healthcare, retail, finance, government, and manufacturing. The purpose of the 8D methodology is to identify, correct, and ...

  20. PDF BSH Hausgeräte Gruppe 8D Method Overview for Suppliers

    Agenda. Objective and principles for problem solving. Procedure of the 8D method. D1: Establishing problem solving team/project. D2: Problem description. D3: Containment actions. D4: Cause and effect analysis. D5: Defining corrective actions and proving effectiveness. D6: Implementing corrective actions and tracking effectiveness.

  21. 8D Problem Solving Training

    Employing the 8D Methodology - Problem Solving. Course Duration: 2 Days - 8 Hours/day. This two day seminar covers all phases of the team approach to identifying and solving problems, based on the eight-discipline methodology. The Global 8D Process is taught using a real life case study.

  22. Metodo 8D Problem Solving: Consulenza automotive

    Il Metodo 8D Problem Solving (noto anche come metodo delle 8 Discipline) è un metodo sviluppato presso Ford Motor Company utilizzato per affrontare e risolvere problemi, tipicamente impiegato da ingegneri o altri professionisti. La Metodologia 8D è incentrata sul miglioramento del prodotto e del processo, il suo scopo è identificare ...

  23. Metodología de las 8D para la resolución de problemas ¿La conoces?

    Metodología de las 8D. Las Ocho disciplinas para la resolución de problemas (en inglés Eight Disciplines Problem Solving) es un método diseñado para encontrar la causa raíz de un problema, idear una solución a corto plazo e implementar una solución a largo plazo que evite la recurrencia del mismo.También es conocida como metodología de las 8 o de forma abreviada como 8D.