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5 travel myths you need to stop believing right now, canal comes alive with lighted boat parade., technical report writing skills for civil engineers, definition:.
Technical writing is a specialized, structured way of writing, where information is presented in a format and manner that best suits the psychological needs of the readers, so that they can respond to a document as its author intended and achieve the purpose related to that document. The process of gathering information from experts and presenting it to an audience in a clear, easily understandable form is called technical writing .
Technical writing is the presentation of information that helps the reader solves a particular problem. Technical communicators write, design and/or edit proposal, web pages, lab reports, newsletters and many other kinds of professional documents.
Technical Report Writing Skills include:
- Learn how to get your thoughts on paper
- Understand the features of and differences between various types of technical documents
- Become a more critical editor of technical documents
- Translate complex and innovative ideas into clear, logical and technically accurate documents
- Produce technical information for non-specialist audiences
- Help your readers to take action or make decisions effectively

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Technical Report Writing (Full Book MCQs)
Paragraph limit length in document design of brochure, ranges from;
A. 8-6 lines
B. B. 5-6 lines
C. 4-3 lines
D. All of above
Most appropriate technique for prewriting short reports, known as;
A. Reporter’s questions
B. Branching
D. Numbering
An effective writing rule for an e-mail, embodied with;
A. Not making hardcopies of an e-mail
B. Auto replying to all recipients
C. Proofreading of an emails
D. Examining text format
Relying on too many facts in technical documents, failing in achieving technical
witting goal of;
A. Communicating the information aesthetically
B. Communicating the information easily
C. Communicating the information briefly
D. Communicating the information eloquently ._____
establishes the technical report.
A. Logical conclusion
B. Illogical Conclusion
C. Personal prejudice
D. Misplaced learning
A report may be used for?
C. Both A and B
D. None of these
Which of these is not a parameter in a report?
A. Extent of information
B. Quality of information
C. Age of writer
D. Ability to acquire information
Reports that provide data or findings, analyses, and conclusions are
a. informational reports.
b. progress reports.
c. summaries.
d. analytical reports.
If the report is for your management or for your mentees, it’s a
A. External Reports
B. Vertical report
C. Periodic Reports
D. Informal Report
There are ……… principles to guide technical writing
Which of these must never be a basis for a technical report
c) Personal prejudices
d) Experiments
Which of these must be avoided in a technical report?
b) Logical conclusion
c) Objective evaluation
d) Subjective evaluation
Which of these reports is raised annually?
a) Inventory reports
b) Confidential reports
c) Laboratory reports
d) Inspection reports
Which of these is not a part of a report?
a) Front matter
c) Front cover
d) Title page
Which of these reports are used in business?
a) Formal technical reports
b) Informal reports
c) Personal reports
d) Musical reports
A non- formal report written in the form of a letter is similar to a
a) Friendly letter
b) Business letter
c) Complaint letter
______ report includes breakdown of machinery.
a) Feasibility
b) Periodic
d) Progress
Which of these is not a type of a report?
a) Periodic
b) Progress
The conclusion of a research report:
A. can introduce new information.
a. b. must be based only on material presented in the report.
b. is the same as the abstract except that it is presented at the end of the report.
c. should focus only on the findings of the research.
Which of these is usually written in a form of a memorandum?
A) Informal reports
a. b) Formal reports
b. c) Professional reports
a. D .Business reports
Into which of these types are formal reports not classified?
a) Informational
b) Interpretative
Which of these reports contains information of a routine nature?
a) Periodic report
Which of these reports provide information without any evaluation?
b) Progress report
c) Trouble report
d) Laboratory report
_______ report provides rational findings.
a) Informative
Interpretative reports are also known as ____
a) Recommendation reports
b) Routine reports
c) Progress reports
d) Informal reports
Which of these reports are written for recording information?
d) Recommendation
Which of these is not mentioned in a progress report?
a) Name of project
b) Right choice of instruments
c) Nature of work
d) Amount of work left
In technical writing the largest report termed is:
A. Conclusion/recommendation
B. Discussion
In a technical report Which of these must be avoided.
B. Logical conclusion
C. Objective evaluation
D. Subjective evaluation
Which of the following reports is an example of an analytical report?
A )A report summarizing the details of a recent seminar you attended
b) A report outlining the new company procedure for reporting workplace injuries
c) A report recommending an antiterrorism security system for mass transit
d) A report showing state budget allocations for education
When you’re writing a report, be sure to adapt to your audience be
(A) being sensitive to their needs.
(B) controlling your style and tone.
C) both a and b.
(D) None of the above.
Which one is used for the Shortest document among technical written documents?
(A). report
(B). website
(D). paragraph
A. Inventory reports
B. Confidential reports
C. Laboratory reports
D. Inspection reports
A memorandum is almost like a _____.
A. Simple letter
B. Formal letter
C. Informal letter
D None of these
In report writing the conclusions grow out of interpretations of the facts and
recommendations grow out of ………………….
b. Recommendations
c) Interpretations
d )Conclusions
Which of the following should not be part of a resume
A Religious affiliation
B Employment history
C Contact information
D Education
Which of the following is not a resume format
A Chronological
B Portfolio
C Functional
D Combination
Your resume is a tool with one specific purpose
A To get a job
B To win an interview
C To discuss salary
D To discuss time
A resume is a word of which language
Which of these topics is also covered on many resumes
A Criminal record
B Family history
C Languages
D Positions
Where your personal details should be written of your resume
A At the top
B At the bottom
C On the back
Your resume job is very simple: to get you
A A higher profile
B A higher salary
C A job interview
D Both b and c
Unless you are applying for a very senior position , it’s best to limit your resume
B Two pages
C Three pages
D Four pages
Which period of education is not normally detailed in a resume
B Secondary
C Primary or elementary
DNone of these
Under work experience list all your with your job at the top
The best way to start a statement on your resume is with
C An active verb
D An adjective
Which topic is not normally mentioned in a cover letter
A The position
B The salary
C The company
D The order
Your cover letter can summarize a key selling point such as your
A Work history
B Medical history
C Relevant experience
Your name should be of the letter
C In the middle
D At the side
When should you send a cover letter
A Only when an ad specifically request it
B Every time you send out your resume
C When you need to list reference
A cover letter or covering letter can also be called
B A CV sales letter
C A letter of application
D Both a and b
Job applicants must send a letter sending their resume
Which date format is best for a cover letter
A October 9, 2021
A cover letter should be
A Clear and concise
D long and detailed
If a cover letter is poorly written most emloyers will the applicant
How can you make the most of your college experience in your cover letter
A Describe skills gained in the classroom
B Describe sports activities
C Discuss hands on projects
D All of the above
Where is the date mentioned in a minutes
B Top right
C Bottom left
D Bottom right
Minutes must be self sufficient
Which of these details are not mentioned in minutes
A Venue of the meeting
B Date of the meeting
C Name of the chairman
D Age of the chairman
The main points of a meeting must be reduced to writing
Where is the signature of the secretary mentioned in minutes
A Bottom left
B Bottom right
D Top right
Writing process is basically
A Single step process
B Two step process
C Three step process
D Four step process
It is good writing process to avoid humor and puns because
A It is universal
B People are illiterate
C It is not universal
D It is boring
Most outdated letter format is known as
A Simplified format
B Full block format
C Half block format
D All of above
What are alternatives of texting
B Animation
Clustering of ideas in writing e-mails and memos a part of
D All of them
What is the total number of references normally given in a bio data
Select the location where the name and address can be mention in a skills profile
A Top right corner
B Top left corner
C Bottom right corner
D None of the above
Which of the following is not revealed in a bio data
A Career aim
D Reference
Reference must not be mentioned in a resume
C Both a and b
Curriculum vitae is a word of which language
Employers like candidates to express a willingness to perform any available job
It’s ok to mentioned skills gained in school even if they have nothing to do with
the job sought
Who organizes the meeting
A Chairperson
B Secretary
D Participants
In a qualitative research proposal you would not expect to see a…………
a) Research question
b) Research aim
c) Hypothesis
d) Operational definition
Which of the following statement is not true?
a) A research proposal is a document that presents a plan for a project
b) A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting
the proposed research project
c) A research proposal is an unorganized and unplanned project
d) A research proposal is just like a research report and written before the research
After identifying the important variables and establishing the logical reasoning in
theoretical framework, the next step in the research process is……….
a) To conduct surveys
b) To generate the hypothesis
c) To focus group discussions
d) To use experiments in an investigation
The fundamental characteristic of the scientific method is __________
b) Empiricism
c) Replication
d) Evaluating data
According to Goodstein’s (2000) “evolved theory of science,” which of the
following is not a characteristic of scientific inquiry?
a) Scientists make observations that are accurately reported to other scientists and the
public so others can replicate the methods and obtain the same results.
b) Science flourishes when there is an open system for the exchange of ideas in which
supporters and those who disagree with an idea can report their research and it can be
evaluated by others.
c) Research studies must be reviewed by peers before they become a part of the
scientific literature.
d) Scientists search for observations that support ideas popular to others and
viewed by other scientists as publishable.
The main advantage of producing a written research proposal is——-
a) Informs all interested parties
b) Helps with credibility
c) Helps the institution
d) Helps keep people employed
The one which will always appear in a research proposal is…….
a) Business objective
b) Research objective
c) Marketing objective
d) Creative objective
Good research proposals will always-…….
a) Consider all possible research that had previously been done on the topic
b) Provide respondent names and addresses
c) Focus on the Harvard style
d) Focus on addressing the research objectives
The proposal’s literature review is important because-——
a) It is expected by the university
b) The tutor insists upon it
c) It looks authoritative
d) It shows that you are knowledgeable about the literature that relates to your research
The proposal section which intended to describe the purpose with a full
statement of the research question is———–
a) Literature review
b) References
c) Introduction
d) Proposed Method
a) A research proposal is a document that presents a plan fora project
c) A research proposal is an unorganized and unplannedproject
d) A research proposal is just like a research report and writtenbefore the research
The statement of purpose in a research study should——–
a) Identify the design of the study
b) Identify the intent or objective of the study
c) Specify the type of people to be used in the study
d) Describe the study
The research participants are described in detail in……….section of the research
a) Introduction
c) Data analysis
d) Discussion
The Method section of the research plan typically specifies ———-
a) The research participants
b) The apparatus, instruments, and materials for the research study
c) The planned research procedures
d) all of the above
The interactive, computer-based information system that collects data on
transactions and operations is……….
a) Transaction processing system
b) Decision support system
c) Executive information system
d) Expert system
One of the following is not the three main components in a decision support
system……..
a) Communications
b) Dialogue
To explain, predict, and/or control phenomena are the goal of ————–
a) Tradition
b) Inductive logic
c) Deductive logic
d) The scientific method
The purpose of a literature review is to-………..
a) Help you find out what is already known about this area
b) Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
c) Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can
d) Find what is already known, identify gaps,and demonstrate awareness
The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowingbecause it is
more……..
a) Reliable
b) Systematic
c) Accurate
d) All of the given options
According to Burrell & Morgan (1979) one of the following is not a paradigm
within business research methods is……
a) Radical structuralist
b) Radical positivist
c) Functionalist
d) Interpretative
After you locate a source, you should write down all the details of the reference,
except………..
a) Full names of the authors
The basis of Scientific Method is………
a) To test hypotheses in conditions that is conclusive to its success
b) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
c) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled
conditions that challenge the hypothesis.
d) To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely.
The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the——–
a) Conceptual understanding
b) Dictionary meaning
c) Operational definition
d) All of the above
The word ‘Research’ means——-
a) A lab experiment
b) A report.
c) A systematic enquiry
d) A procedure
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in hisclassroom to ascertain
their merit and worth; he is likelyconducting……type of research
c) Evaluation
d) Experimental
The reasons for consulting handbooks, yearbooks, encyclopedias, or reviews in
the Initial stages of identifying a research topic is……..
a) They are readily available
b) They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic
c) They are primary sources
d) They avoid reporting statistical data so one can interpret the results more easily.
Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classification of research on the
basis of……
a) Use of the research
b) Time dimensions
c) Techniques used
d) Purpose of the research
The application of the scientific method to study of business problems is
called…….
a) Inductive reasoning
b) Deductive reasoning
c) Business research
d) Grounded theory
The research method is not applicable under…….
a) Healthcare
b) Business
c) Government offices
d) Imaginary worlds
In an article it is most beneficial to read——-
a) References
d) Figures.
Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
a) They guide your literature search
b) They keep you focused throughout the data collection period
c) They make the scope of your research as wide as possible
d) They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
An operational definition is—
a) One that bears no relation to the underlying concept
b) An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept
c) A definition of a concept in terms of specific, empirical measures
d) One that refers to opera singers and their work
Basic research can also be called as——-
a) Practical research
b) Fundamental Research
c) Action research
d) Assessment research
In the research process, the management question has the following critical
activity in sequence………….
a) Origin, selection, statement, exploration and refinement
b) Origin, statement, selection, exploration and refinement
c) Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and statement
d) Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and statement
The meaning of a good research does not mean ——
a) Purpose clearly defined
b) Research process detailed
c) Research design thoroughly planned
d) Findings presented ambiguously
ce of report, being mentioned in report writing, in the;
a) Conclusion/recommendation
b) Discussion
d) All of above
Paragraph limit length in document design of brochure, ranges from;
Relying on too many facts in technical documents, failing in achieving technical witting goal of;
a. b. must be based only on material presented in the report .
d)Conclusions
Which of these topics is also included in many resumes
Unless you are applying for a very senior position , it’s best to limit your resume to
Under work experience list all, with ________ job at the top
Your name should be ___________of the cover letter
If a cover letter is poorly written most emloyers will________ the applicant
Minutes of meeting must be self sufficient
C Name of the chairperson
D Age of the chairperson
Employers like candidates who express a willingness to perform any available job
It’s ok to mentioned skills gained in school even if they have nothing to do with the job
b) A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting the
proposed research project
d) A research proposal is just like a research report and written before the research project
theoreticalframework, the next step in the research process is……….
According to Goodstein’s (2000) “evolved theory of science,” which of the following is not a
characteristic of scientific inquiry?
a) Scientists make observations that are accurately reported to other scientists and the public
so others can replicate the methods and obtain the same results.
c) Research studies must be reviewed by peers before they become a part of the scientific
literature.
d) Scientists search for observations that support ideas popular to others and viewed by
otherscientists as publishable.
d) It shows that you are knowledgeable about the literature that relates to your research topic
The proposal section which intended to describe the purpose with a full statement of the
research question is———–
d) A research proposal is just like a research report and writtenbefore the research project
The research participants are described in detail in……….section of the research plan
: A _____ is/are a major form of Technical/business communication.
3: proposal
4: progress
The __________of memo indicates who is writing to whom, when and why.
3: Salutation
In _________ you provide more detail about others have done in the area
1: literature review
2: bibliography
3: references
The purpose of _________ is to give the reader a brief overview of the study.
2: literature review
An _____________ of application is written for a job which has not been advertised by the
1: Cover letter
2: Solicited letter
3: Unsolicited letter
4: Open letter
In ______________ writing, avoid the use of personal pronoun “I”.
2: Proposal
____________ are the official record of the organization.
2: Creation
3: Meetings
Informal gossips are included in meeting minutes
When a report is written, It is expected to represent ____________ information on a particular
3: both 1 and 2
A short summary of Technical Report is called
2: research abstract
The actual message of your letter is ______________.
2: Dateline
4: Salutation
The interactive, computer-based information system that collects data on transactions
andoperations is……….
One of the following is not the three main components in a decision support system……..
c) Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be
The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowingbecause it is more……..
According to Burrell & Morgan (1979) one of the following is not a paradigm within business
research methods is……
c) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
thatchallenge the hypothesis.
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in hisclassroom to ascertain their merit
and worth; he is likelyconducting……type of research
The reasons for consulting handbooks, yearbooks, encyclopedias, or reviews in the Initial
stages of identifying a research topic is……..
Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classification of research on the basis of……
The application of the scientific method to study of business problems is called…….
Q : _____ reports communicate the activities of an ongoing operation at equal and regular
1: periodic
2: progress
3: analytical
____letters are generally precise and to-the-point, without any unnecessary detail
1: office memos
2: informal
_____ reports have more professional value
3: progress
In conclusion no new material can be introduced.
If a report presents facts pertinent to an issue or a situation it is _____ report.
1: Informative
2: periodic
In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity in
sequence………….
1: An _____________ of application is written for a job which has not been advertised by the employer.
a) Cover letter
b) Solicited letter
c) Unsolicited letter
d) Open letter
2: ___________reflects your contact with specific employees.
a) Education
b) Objective
c) Experience
d) Reference
3: _____________ is used only for the first page of a letter.
a) Dateline
b) Salutation
c) Letter head
4: The actual message of your letter is ______________.
b) Dateline
d) Salutation
5: _____________ takes less time for writing, transmission and writing.
b) Proposal
6: In ______________ writing, avoid the use of personal pronoun “I”.
d) Application
7: The __________of memo indicates who is writing to whom, when and why.
c) Salutation
8: ____________ are the official record of the organization.
b) Creation
c) Meetings
9: A well planned meeting helps ensure ___________ meeting minutes.
a) Effective
10: ___________is written to the people who are involved in or at least familiar with your work .
c) Proposal
11: A ___________stands for your personal “brochure”.
d) Proposal
12: A __________ is an offer by one party to provide a product to another party:
a) Proposal
c) Presentation
d) Studying
13: In _________ proposal, the sections for inclusion are frequently specified:
a) Non-solicited
c) Multinational
d) Solicited
14: __________ helps reader to evaluate results of the study:
a) Material
d) Introduction
15: __________of proposals are similar to either short or long reports:
b) Title pages
c) Summaries
d) Table of contents
16: A___________ proposal is designed to persuade an organization:
a) Argumentative
b) Commercial
c) Analytical
d) Business
17: The __________ can be discussed in conjunction with a research timetable .
b) Research question
c) Research plain
18: __________ conveys the message independently.
a) Numerals
19: The purpose of ___________ research paper is persuasion.
a) Commercial
b) Argumentative
d) Analytical
20: __________ defines the boundaries of projects.
b) Background
d) Limitation
21: ___________ gives the list of sources which are used or quoted in the proposals :
b) Reference
c) Appendices
d) Conclusion
22: the word “report” is derived from the Latin “reportare” means to __________
d) To bring back
23: _________ gives unity and coherence to your report:
b) Orientation
c) Precision
d) Simplicity
24: __________ reports identifies a problem and explaining whom that problem affects:
b) Analytical
c) Informative
25: A good report is always _________ oriented :
26: __________ facts make a report confusing:
a) Factual details
b) Relevant
c) Irrelevant
27: A _________ report is a report on work you have begun but not yet completed:
c) Periodic
d) Investigative
28: __________ reports are selected to a single occasion or situation:
d) Periodic
29: __________ reports deal with non-recurred problems
30: _________ reports have more professional value:
31: A ___________ methodology proceeds from the unknown to the known:
a) Inductive
b) Deductive
d) Structural
32: The length of summary usually ranges from _________words depending on the complexity of the
33: In __________, data are interpreted and highlighted; the important features and their causes:
a) Discussion
b) Conclusion
34: The best way of describing the _________ is to give all the basic and essential data from the study:
b) Materials
35: In _________ it is needed to give a sense of the general field of research:
c) Justification
36: Reports which provide information at regular interval are called ___________report.
a) Analytical
d) Informational
37: ____________ may be tables, graphs, maps, drawing, charts and photographs.
a) Special format
b) Homogeneity
c) Illustration
d) Accuracy
38: The word report is derived from the ___________ word reportare.
39: In __________ report immediate feedback is possible .
c) Progress
40: ________ deals with the methods and principles used in an activity.
c) Accounts
d) methodology
41: _________ information is best communicated through diagrams and charts.
a) Qualitative
b) Quantitative
c) Structural
d) Prefatory
42: An ___________ reports provides information about something in a systematic manner.
a) Information
b) Supporting
d) Watching
43: ____________are written offer to solve a technical problem.
c) Proposals
d) Short stories
44: __________ proposal are known as business proposal.
a) Research
45: ____________ proposals are usually academic in nature.
b) Non solicited
d) Multinational
46: There are _________ main types of research paper.
47: ___________describes the restrictions over which the proposal has no control.
c) Limitation
d) Background
48: In ___________ no extra material or new material is introduced .
d) References
49: In ___________ you provide more detail about what others have done in the area.
50: A _____________ proposal is a document proposing a research project .
a) Scientific
c) Business
d) Research

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Technical Report Writing
What is a technical report.
A technical report can be classified as that type of a document that explains the steps, development, interpretation and reporting of the findings and recommendations of a systematic study that is conducted as a solution or remedy for a specific stated problem in that particular document. Technical report results in revealing findings that will facilitate the researcher(s) to provide a certain conclusion to the situation and further provide recommendations and suggestions based on the data on which the analysis has been carried out.
Explanation
In this day and age, technical reports are the primary and one of the most important source of systematic information. Chiefly because of the fact that the technical reports use a systematic design in securing the information in well-structured and uniform manner, where a certain information seeker can easily identify and obtain the relevant information that he seeks. Information searcher is facilitated by the well organization and well defined structure of the technical reports because he can easily identify that what information is in written in which content of that particular technical report.
Technical Report Writing in Organizations
Technical reporting is carried out not only for the organization’s internal purpose of information sharing, but it is also crucial in sharing information with other organizations as well including customers, clients, and any other stakeholders as well. Technical reports can also be a consequence of a studies that are conducted in order to explore, investigate or discuss certain problems, gaps or issues that might be relevant to an organization’s cause, a certain situation faced by an organization, design new product/offerings for the target market, to capture the overview of prevailing customer/consumer wants, in short to facilitate in making certain decisions for that particular organization.
Technical Report Writing as an Academic Obligation
Nowadays, scientific or technical report writing in some cases may also be mandatory in obtaining certain academic degrees especially in the attainment of graduation and post-graduation degrees. Whereby the student is required to identify a specific topic in his area of specialization and expertise, then related to that particular theme, the student then pinpoints a certain problem that is generating a certain gap that needs to be fulfilled. As a consequence this gap becomes a primary area of concern for this particular researcher where he observes previous studies in order to reveal what methodologies were used in order to solve similar problem in the past. Secondly the researcher also has to gather the data that is relevant to the problem in at hand so that analysis perform can be relevant to this problem and produce authentic and valid results.
Constituents of a Technical or Scientific Report
- Page of Title
The title page of any technical report includes the subject of that technical report where by it is followed by the researcher’s name and the name of the institution where the researcher is affiliated or sponsored or where this technical report is owned.
Abstract is in actual the summary of the entire research report where by the researcher includes a brief background of the subject followed by the problem here in at hand and that gap generated by it, scope and objectives of this particular study followed by any limitations that might plague this study. The researcher also includes brief data details that from where the data is obtained, how many samples or respondents are interviews or their opinions are recorded or quantified. Following the data details the scientific researcher then briefly discusses the data analysis and conclusions followed by the recommendations or suggestions.
- Acknowledgement/ Dedication
This portion of the technical report is where the researcher or report writer actually gives the credit and acknowledges the assistance of the facilitators, mentors, respondents or any of the direct and indirect participants or stakeholders of this particular technical report. The technical report or research can also be dedicated to any individual or individuals by the author of the study.
- Table of Content
This component of technical report includes and exhibits all the constitutes of a particular technical report where by the title of all components and their page numbers are displayed in the list of the table of content of that technical report.
- Introduction
Initial part of the technical report starts with the background information that a researcher has gathered in order to capture the interest and develop understanding of the reader or information seeker. The background of a scientific report can be quiet extensive when the nature of the study is highly specialized. Because the more specialized the topic is the more information the technical writer has to obtain in order to create a favorable ground where the reader understands the study.
Followed by the background comes the actual problem statement which in fact is the primary reason of conducting such study. Problem leading to such study is explained in detail and the gap generated by the existing problem is well defined which authorizes the researcher to conduct a scientific study.
Subsequently, the research objectives are also declared by the researcher whereby he will collect data and responses that are relevant and in accordance of achieving these objectives. Such studies have certain impact and directly concern a certain sector which is comes under the scope of the study which is also identified by the report writer and the researcher might also mention that what are the advantages, benefits that this study will exert on the area of scope.
No man made thing in this world is flawless and perfect, certain constraints might limit the study and such limiting contains are mentioned in the technical reports for example, like the budget, time, and place and any other technical limitations might be mentioned in the technical report by the author.
- Literature Review
Author of the technical reports also review extensive literature in order to generate a comprehensive understand of the theme and subject of the problem at hand. Author also investigates that how similar problems in the past were handled, how relevant data was collected, what were the methods used, what were the conclusions made and what were the contributing recommendations and suggestion made in the past.
- Methodology
This constituent exhibits is where the technical report writer defines that what systematic steps are followed in order to find, gather, interpret and analyze the data or responses relevant to the problem at hand. Author may also provide justification that why he has chosen a particular methodology over the other or why a certain chosen methodology is more productive and value additive over other available options.
- Data Analysis/Discuss
The author of the technical report analyzes and discusses the data that has been gathered for investigation and interpretation to extract conclusions and findings for the predominant problem. Nature of the data analysis and interpretation is primarily dependent on what methodology is chosen by the author. Facts about the data and their meaning and implication are also suggested in the discus of the data in this constituent as well.
- Conclusion & Recommendations
Certain points and facts are suggested by the author of a technical report in the concluding part that are based strictly on the data gathered and findings from that data. Certain implications are also discussed by the author followed by the recommendations and suggestions on the part of the author to improve and optimize the current scenario and minimization of the problem at hand or a certain conclusion to that problem may also be suggest by the author.
It is that part of the technical report where author attaches the data, responses, statistical techniques if any applied or any other form of data that the author wishes to present along with the report to the readers of information seekers. Certain questionnaires, tables or any figurers can also be included in the appendix of a technical report.
Technical Report Publication
Technical reports or scientific reports in this day and age are easily available and accessible on the internet where they are hosted by their respective publishers. Publishers might charge or might provide free of charge publication in the hard form and web space provision, or any means of publication for such technical reports depending upon their policies. Certain organizations like universities and other academic institution might also provide for means of publication for their students or host the content themselves as well whether it may be on the internet or own intranet of the organization.
Technical reports are one of the most important and crucial documents or instruments that have systematic or well-designed and structured in order to store information in a way that it facilitates the reader whether he is extensively familiar with it or not. The design of such reports have facilitated and rendered information storing more efficient and effective in the long run. Not only technical reports have rendered the storage of information more secure but these instruments also have abstract in their format which renders fast browsing of the technical reports which immensely facilitates fast scanning of relevant information.

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According to Chapter 5, once you have analyzed your audience and purpose, what should you do? Which is the best purpose statement to be included in a memo to management requesting purchase of the software program?
Discover tips for writing a technical report with this guide, including what a technical report is and step-by-step instructions for writing a technical report
A tech. report can be used for the physical description of a new machine, the steps in a particular process, or the results of an experiment. The document that achieves these purposes is called technical writing
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The “executive summary,” a brief overview of the report, is commonly used in longer technical reports. By the end of a useful summary, a reader should understand the report's purpose