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The APA or American Psychological Association style of citation is mainly used for the social sciences. The style is currently in its 7th edition.

Purdue OWL: APA  Formatting and Style Guide

APA OWL

This resource, updated to reflect the APA Handbook (7th ed.), offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the references page. Check here for help citing more resources or make an appointment with an Oxford librarian!

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Some example citations are below, from the Purdue OWL APA Guide . Follow the link for more examples!

How To Cite...

Stoneman, R. (2008). Alexander the Great: A life in legend . Yale University Press.

Noble, S. U. (2018). Algorithms of oppression: How search engines reinforce racism. New York University Press.

Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication . American Psychological Association.

Artman, J., Sundquist, J., & Dechow, D. R. (2016). The craft of librarian instruction: Using acting techniques to create your teaching presence. Association of College and Research Libraries.

Armstrong, D. (2019). Malory and character. In M. G. Leitch & C. J. Rushton (Eds.), A new companion to Malory  (pp. 144-163). D. S. Brewer.

Article Icon

When citing a scholarly article from a database if you can not find a DOI, a permalink or a nondatabase URL then you do not need to provide a link in APA 9th edition, unless requested by your professor.   

Mc Aninch, D. (2019, July 15). Seeing France’s wild mountains through a clouded, classic windshield. New York Times . https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/15/travel/cevennes-france-drive.html

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies.  The Country Today , 1A, 2A.

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15 (3), 5-13.

From an Online Database

Baniya, S., & Weech, S. (2019). Data and experience design: Negotiating community-oriented digital research with service-learning.  Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement ,   6 (1), 11 – 16. https://doi.org/10.5703/1288284316979

Baumeister, R. F. (1993). Exposing the self-knowledge myth [Review of the book  The self-knower: A hero under control , by R. A. Wicklund & M. Eckert].  Contemporary Psychology , 38 (5), 466–467.

Irwin, D. (2019, July 9). Wot I think: Gato Roboto. [Review of the video game Gato Roboto , published by Devolver Digital, 2019]. Rock Paper Shotgun .  https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2019/07/09/gato-roboto-review/

Website Icon

In APA style, individual webpages and documents hosted online are cited similarly to print content. Note, however, that the URL is typically included at the end of the entry. In APA style, you only need to include the date of access if the page's content will probably change over time (i.e. a wiki page).

Oxford College Library. (n.d.). Mission and Vision - Oxford College Library . https://oxford.library.emory.edu/about/about-oxford-college-library/mission-and-vision

Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist . Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01

Axelrod, A. (2019, August 11). A century later: The Treaty of Versailles and its rejection of racial equality. Code Switch, NPR . https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2019/08/11/742293305/a-century-later-the-treaty-of-versailles-and-its-rejection-of-racial-equality

Digital Resources

Citing personal photos, digital files, or other electronic resources can be confusing. The important thing to remember is that everything you use for academic or professional work, even if you made it yourself , does need to be cited - every time!

Some URL Notes from Purdue OWL :

Link Icon

  • Many scholarly journal articles found in databases include a DOI (digital object identifier). If a DOI is available, cite the DOI number instead of the URL.
  • Online newspapers and magazines sometimes include a permalink , which is a shortened, stable version of a URL. Look for a “share” or “cite this” button to see if a source includes a permalink. If you can find a permalink, use that instead of a URL.

If you have a question or need to cite something not listed here, schedule a consultation with a librarian!

Visit the Purdue OWL Pages on citing Audiovisual Media and Electronic Sources in APA for more examples!

Play Button Icon

Lushi, K. [Korab Lushi]. (2016, July 3). Albatross culture 1 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_AMrJRQDPjk&t=148s

Tedx Talks. (2011, Nov. 15). TEDxHampshireCollege - Jay Smooth - How I learned to stop worrying and love discussing race [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbdxeFcQtaU

Speaker Icon

Zuckerman, J. (2015, July 22). To heal [Song]. https:// soundcloud.com/jeremy-zuckerman/to-heal

Dacus, L. (2018). Night shift [Song]. On Historian [Album]. Matador Records.

Personal Interview

A personal interview is one that you have conducted yourself - the "author" is the interviewee. Note that APA style does not require a reference to a personal interview.

Crowl, P. (2019, July 12). Personal interview.

Prime, K. (Host). (2019, March 29). For whom the cowbell tolls [Audio podcast episode]. In Radiolab . WNYC Studios. https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/whom-cowbell-tolls

Photo Icon

Remember to get the permission of all the people in the photo (or their guardians, if minors) before you use it in your work!

Garofalo, C. (2019, April 12). [CSCE contributor gift table] [Photograph]. https://www.christophervisuals.com/OxfordCollege/CSCE/i-wP8vMbB/A

Online Photo or Image

The title of the item for the reference comes from its caption, so if the image has no official caption, you will describe the item inside square brackets. If the work is posted via a username, use that username for the author.

Williams, M. O. (2016, March 10). An Ouled Nail woman in Algeria wears a tattoo that is customary for dancers, 1949 [Photograph]. https:// natgeofound.tumblr.com/post/140802561912/an-ouled-nail-woman-in-algeria-wears-a-tattoo-that

Cash, I. (2011, April 5). Infographic of infographics . [Infographic]. https:// imgur.com/DNxvj

Only include the first 20 words of the post/caption when citing a social media post in APA style. If the post includes images, videos, or links to other sources, indicate that information in brackets after the content description. Also attempt to replicate emojis if possible; if not, describe the emoji (i.e. [Face with Tears of Joy emoji])

Hashtag Icon

U.S. Department of the Interior. (2020, January 10). Like frosting on a cake, snow coats and clings to the hoodoos at Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah [Image attached] [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/USInterior/photos/a.155163054537384/2586475451406120/?type=3&theater

National Geographic [@NatGeo]. (2020, January 12). Scientists knew African grays are clever, but now they’ve been documented assisting other members of their species—even strangers [Tweet; thumbnail link to article]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/NatGeo/status/1216346352063537154

BBC [@bbc]. (2020, January 12). Skywatchers have been treated to the first full moon of 2020-known as a “wolf moon”-at the same time as a [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/B7OkWqbBwcf/

Figure 1.  Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses

          

Note. From   Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses  [Painting], by Paul  Cézanne, 1890,   The Metropolitan Museum of  Art,  metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435882 . Public Domain.

*Figures cited in-text must be both captioned and cited in the bibliography.

In-text citation:

(see fig. X)

(see fig. 3)

Figure Title and Note:

In APA, for images in papers you have the figure number, title and then a note, which serves as the caption. In the note if using copyrighted materials use From when reprinting an image and  Adapted from   if you have adapted an image. For description you place in Brackets this is often the format/medium of artwork, such as painting, photograph, sculpture, etc. 

Fig. X. Title of work or Description of the work 

Note.  From  Title  [description in brackets], by artist full name, c reation year; Institution, URL. Licensing information/public domain information/fair use notation. 

Figure 3.  Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses

Note.  From   Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses  [Painting], by Paul  Cézanne, 1890,  The Metropolitan Museum of Art (metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435882) . Public Domain.

Figure. 5.  Atlanta Streetcar, 

Note.  From Atlanta Streetcar [Photograph], by Lauren Holley, 2014, Flickr (flickr.com/photos/atlantadowntown/16106577510/). CC BY 2.0.

Bibliography:

Author Last Name, First Initial. (year of publication).  title  [description in brackets]. Source. URL.  Cézanne, P. (1890).  Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses [Painting]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art ,  New York, NY, United States.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435882.

Image has no known title?

If the work has no title provide a concise but informative description of the work and put it in the brackets. 

Mackintosh, C. R. (1897-1900). [Chair of stained oak]. Victoria and Albert Museum, London, England,

Image has no known author?

Omit the author's name, start with the title and move the date after the title:

Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses . 1890 .  The Metropolitan Museum of Art ,  New York, NY, United States. metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435882.

No creation date?

Use (n.d.) in place of the date, this means "no data"

Cézanne, P. (n.d).  Still Life with Apples and a Pot of Primroses [Painting]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art ,  New York, NY, United States.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435882.

Are you using a video screenshot?

Fig. X. Still from title of work 

Note . From  title  [description in brackets], by director/ creator, c reation year; Institution, URL. Licensing information/public domain information/fair use notation. 

Figure 4. Still  Lord of the Rings: Fellowship of the Ring

Note. From  Lord of the rings: fellowship of the ring [Still from Film], by Peter Jackson, 2001, Wingnut Films; The Saul Zaentz Company. Copyright 2001 by The Saul Zaentz Company. 

  YouTube & Streaming Video:

  Creator name. (Year, Month day).  Title [description]. Platform, URL.

  Modern Librarian Memoirs. (2017, November 2) What is Information Literacy?  [Video]. YouTube. www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbe6xBibOL4.

APA uses parenthetical citations for in-text citation. Include the author's last name and the date of the work. Typically you put this at the end of the sentence just before the period.  

In APA, only include the page number if you are directly quoting a source. (If quoting more than one page, use pp. instead of p.).

To cite more than one source, put a semicolon between the two sources' citations.

For more information on APA, see the Purdue OWL page about in-text citation .

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APA Style Help & Tools

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Academic Writer is the only authoritative and complete online environment for teaching, writing, and publishing in APA Style®, now updated to the 7th Edition. Designed to help users develop their writing and professional research skills, Academic Writer combines sophisticated learning and teaching tools, advanced writing and content management technology, and full integration of APA’s best-selling Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association® to create an unparalleled web-based suite of integrated services and tools.

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Academic Writer contains a Writing section where you can create and write a full APA-formatted paper.  You can write the entire paper in Academic Writer or just use it to setup the title page, headings, and references.  Export your work at any time to a Microsoft Word document.  Below are documents from Academic Writer about the essential features of their Writing tools.  

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Basics of APA Style

Learn the basics of APA Style, including how to format a manuscript, understand the form and function of common manuscript parts, organize and express your thoughts clearly and precisely, employ the mechanics of style, use graphic elements effectively, credit sources and acknowledge the contributions of others, and construct a comprehensive and reliable reference list.

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Learn how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, including how to identify plagiarism, understand its risks and consequences, cite sources properly, and develop sound writing practices.

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Learn how to set up the title page of an APA Style paper, including the page header and running head, title, author name and affiliation, and author note.

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This sample response paper presents a university student's personal reaction to an article about whether medication is prescribed too often to young children to treat psychological disorders. The title page demonstrates the simple default layout for a student paper. The paper has a simple setup with only a title page, body of text, and references. No "running head"! Response papers typically do not include author notes or abstracts, though this may vary by assignment.

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Developed by Purdue's Online Writing Lab. Contains resources on in-text citation and the references page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.

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  • Purdue OWL Purdue OWL is an online writing reference that provides detailed information in APA, MLA, Chicago styles of citation as well as general citation and research assistance.
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APA Publication Manual

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  • APA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue OWL) .  From the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL), this site provides extensive explanation and examples of APA style. 
  • APA Style Citation Guide (Seattle) . This useful handout  from the Seattle Central Community College Library covers  the basics of the APA citation style in an easy to use format.  Explains how to make hanging indents for your references list too!
  • APA Citation Guide  from the Santa Fe College Library (Gainesville, FL). This research guide includes information on paper formatting, examples of citations and in-text citations, and video tutorials. 
  • APA Style Guide . This site from the Valencia College Library provides examples of APA in-text citations, references, and how to format a paper. Provides examples for both the 6th & 7th editions of the  Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association,  ask your instructor which edition to use.
  • APA Style Help  from the American Psychological Association.

APA Formatting

Formatting Citations and the Works Cited/Reference List 

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  • Writing In-Text Citations in APA Style  &  When and How to Include Page Numbers in APA Style Citations  from the APA Style Blog.
  • APA style citations handout  from Coates Library at Trinity University. 

Formatting the Title Page/Headers

  • Formatting Title Page and Headers in APA  from Clark College Libraries

Capitalization and Grammar Formatting

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Other Resources

  • Frequently Asked Questions about APA Style  . This site, from the American Psychological Association, answers the most frequently asked questions on using the APA style.
  • DOI, URL, Database Name, Accession Number or Permalink . An excellent explanation of when to use a DOI number, a URL, or a permalink from the Rasmussen College Library. If your article does not have a DOI number some instructors will allow you to use the permalink provided by the database instead of the journal URL.  Always check with your instructors to see which method they prefer. 

APA Citation and Research Paper Examples

Citation Examples

  • Citing Sources: APA Style . This site, from the Lansing Community College Library, gives examples of using the APA citation style to compile a works cited page and write in-text citations.
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APA Tutorials

APA Tutorials and Webinars :  Various tutorials produced by the American Psychological Association .

  • APA Tutorials from the Suffolk County Community College Library
  • APA Video Tutorials  (from Memorial University of Newfoundland Library. The  library's research guide  on APA citation style also contains useful information on formatting and citing resources.)
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Citation management tools help you track and organize the articles you are gathering for your research.  Citation management tools also generate in-text citations, import records from databases, and reference pages.   NOTE : Errors do occasionally occur with citation managers, so always check your citations and references.

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  • APA Instructional Aids The instructional aids on this page are intended for anyone looking to improve their knowledge of APA Style. They include tutorials and webinars developed by Style experts to provide an overview of seventh edition APA Style. There are also handouts, guides, and sample papers designed by APA Style in conjunction with instructors that can be printed, downloaded, and used while writing papers. More instructional resources will be added to the website as they are available.
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Purdue OWL APA Formatting and Style Guide

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  • General Format APA style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page.
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  • APA Citation Style Information

Plagiarism Prevention

Learn more at the slu academic integrity pages, slu academic integrity policy, helpful apa citation style sources.

In addition to the sources below, check out SLU Librarian Jamie Emery's guide  Style Guides & Manuals , including resources for APA, MLA, Chicago & more.

Includes information on APA style citations, as well as information on other citation styles and formatting. This site also includes a variety of other useful writing related information.

APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7th ed.).

This poster created by Purdue Owl summarizes APA style in a visual format.

The style and grammar guidelines pages present information about APA Style as described in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition and the Concise Guide to APA Style, Seventh Edition.

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  • APA 7th Edition Video Tutorial  

Select the link to view the APA 7th Edition Tutorial or go to the library webpage and select Video Tutorials or Citing Sources at this link: Wor-Wic Library Webpage

worwic.edu > Services & Support > scroll to Resource Centers (Library) on the right > Video Tutorials

  • APA 7th Edition Style Guide from Purdue Owl  gives many source examples.
  • Wor-Wic Library Webpage--select Citing Sources  

Go to the library webpage and select Citing Sources to access APA 7th Edition Style Guide examples from Purdue Owl.

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purdue owl apa formatting and style guide

APA Overview Black

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Online Resources

  • Purdue OWL MLA Guide These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the Modern Language Association (MLA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citations and Works Cited pages, as well as MLA sample papers, slide presentations, and the MLA classroom poster.
  • MLA Manual of Style Online The MLA Style Center is the only authorized Web site on MLA style. A companion to the MLA Handbook, the site provides students and educators with a host of free resources for teaching and learning the MLA’s approach to research, writing, and documentation.
  • Purdue OWL APA Guide These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.
  • APA Manual of Style Online APA Style provides a foundation for effective scholarly communication because it helps writers present their ideas in a clear, precise, and inclusive manner.
  • Purdue OWL Chicago Guide The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) covers a variety of topics from manuscript preparation and publication to grammar, usage, and documentation, and as such, it has been lovingly dubbed the “editor's bible.”
  • Chicago Manual of Style Online The Chicago Manual of Style Online is the venerable, time-tested guide to style, usage, and grammar in an accessible online format. It is the indispensable reference for writers, editors, proofreaders, indexers, copywriters, designers, and publishers, informing the editorial canon with sound, definitive advice.
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Welcome to the Purdue OWL

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  • APA Overview and Workshop
  • APA Formatting and Style Guide

General Format

  • In-Text Citations: The Basics
  • In-Text Citations: Author/Authors
  • Footnotes and Endnotes
  • Reference List: Basic Rules
  • Reference List: Author/Authors
  • Reference List: Articles in Periodicals
  • Reference List: Books
  • Reference List: Other Print Sources
  • Reference List: Electronic Sources
  • Reference List: Other Non-Print Sources
  • Additional Resources
  • Types of APA Papers
  • APA Stylistics: Avoiding Bias
  • APA Stylistics: Basics
  • APA Headings and Seriation
  • APA PowerPoint Slide Presentation
  • APA Sample Paper
  • APA Tables and Figures 1
  • APA Tables and Figures 2
  • APA Abbreviations
  • Statistics in APA
  • APA Classroom Poster
  • APA Changes 6th Edition
  • OWL Mail APA FAQs
  • Giving to the OWL

Suggested Resources

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  • -Media File Index
  • -OWL Exercises

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (http://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom.

Summary: APA (American Psychological Association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing.

Contributors: Joshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck Last Edited: 2012-05-30 12:19:58

Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA.

To see a side-by-side comparison of the three most widely used citation styles, including a chart of all APA citation guidelines, see the Citation Style Chart .

You can also watch our APA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel .

General APA Guidelines

Your essay should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5" x 11") with 1" margins on all sides. You should use a clear font that is highly readable. APA recommends using 12 pt. Times New Roman font.

Include a page header   (also known as the " running head ") at the top of every page. To create a page header/running head , insert page numbers flush right. Then type "TITLE OF YOUR PAPER" in the header flush left using all capital letters. The running head is a shortened version of your paper's title and cannot exceed 50 characters including spacing and punctuation.

Major Paper Sections

Your essay should include four major sections: the Title Page , Abstract , Main Body , and References .

The title page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name , and the institutional affiliation . Include the page header (described above) flush left with the page number flush right at the top of the page. Please note that on the title page, your page header/running head should look like this:

Pages after the title page should have a running head that looks like this:

After consulting with publication specialists at the APA, OWL staff learned that the APA 6th edition, first printing sample papers have incorrect examples of Running heads on pages after the title page. This link will take you to the APA site where you can find a complete list of all the errors in the APA's 6th edition style guide.

Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. APA recommends that your title be no more than 12 words in length and that it should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced.

Beneath the title, type the author's name : first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (Ph.D.).

Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation , which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.

Image Caption: APA Title Page

Begin a new page. Your abstract page should already include the page header (described above). On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotation marks).

Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. (Do not indent.) Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. You may also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings. Your abstract should be a single paragraph double-spaced. Your abstract should be between 150 and 250 words.

You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, indent as you would if you were starting a new paragraph, type Keywords: (italicized), and then list your keywords. Listing your keywords will help researchers find your work in databases.

Image Caption: APA Abstract Page

Please see our Sample APA Paper resource to see an example of an APA paper. You may also visit our Additional Resources page for more examples of APA papers.

How to Cite the Purdue OWL in APA

Individual Resources

Contributors' names and the last edited date can be found in the orange boxes at the top of every page on the OWL.

Contributors' names (Last edited date). Title of resource. Retrieved from http://Web address for OWL resource

Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

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purdue owl apa formatting and style guide

NSED 150 (Sinha) 2024

  • Access the Library
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Style by Discipline

Apa formatting guides & examples, key characteristics, apa examples.

  • APA Template
  • Research Help

APA style is usually used in Social Sciences and Psychology and is an author-date system. APA stands for the American Psychological Association.

  • Purdue Owl APA General Format Guidelines
  • APA Style Blog
  • The Basics of APA Style - Tutorial (from APA)
  • APA Documentation Guide (University of Wisconsin, Madison) includes PDF Handout
  • Pre-Formatted Word Document in APA This is a pre-formatted Word document in APA style. Your course instructor may have additional instructions for how the paper should be formatted.

Big Picture

APA style features in-text parenthetical citations , with a focus on author/date, and a corresponding Reference page.

In-Text Citations

  • elements include author's last name, year of publication and page number(s)
  • elements in are separated by commas - Example:   (Arnold, 2015, p. 378)
  • a direct quote requires a page number preceded by p. - Example: ... as the "individuals pronounced vocally and fearlessly" (Smith, 2016, p. 201)
  • page numbers are still encouraged for summary and paraphrase though not necessary - Example: (Goriava & Woodland, 2017)
  • author's name may be excluded if found in the introductory text - Example: Patel (2013) found that .... " " (p. 67)
  • p. used for page; pp. used for multiple pages - Example: (Ramble, 2014, pp. 45-49)
  • works by two authors use the ampersand in the parentheses - Example: (Goriava & Woodland, 2017)

In-Text Citations: The Basics (OWL Purdue) In-Text Citations: Author/Authors (OWL Purdue) When and How to Include Page Numbers in APA Style Citations (APA Blog) Citing References in Text (Basics of APA Style Tutorial)

Reference List ...

  • has the title of References, centered at top
  • includes hanging indents after the first line for each entry
  • is organized alphabetically by the last name of the first author
  • gives initials to first names of authors
  • italicizes book and journal titles
  • capitalizes the first word and the first word after a semi-colon of a journal article title
  • capitalizes all major words in journal titles
  • common elements & order of citation elements:

Reference List: Basic Rules (OWL Purdue) Reference List: Author/Authors (OWL Purdue)

Note: hanging indents not included

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  • Last Updated: Feb 14, 2024 4:28 PM
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  1. #CHUtorial : Common APA Citation Formats

  2. APA Tutorial (Part 2 of 8): APA Help from the BHCC Library

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  4. APA 7th Edition: References Lists

  5. Spring 2024 Purdue OWL Website Introduction

  6. Citations: A Beginning (1/24/24)

COMMENTS

  1. APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition)

    Basic Rules Basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper Author/Authors Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic resource, etc.) Articles in Periodicals

  2. APA Formatting and Style Guide (6th Edition)

    Purdue OWL; Research and Citation; APA Style (6th Edition) ... APA Formatting and Style Guide (6th Edition) APA Formatting and Style Guide (6th Edition) Welcome to the Purdue OWL. This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

  3. APA Style Introduction

    APA Formatting and Style Guide APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7 th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page.

  4. Research and Citation Resources

    Cite Using citation machines responsibly Powered by APA Style (7th Edition) These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style.

  5. APA Style Guide

    ISBN: 9781433832161 Publication Date: 2019-10-01 The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. Purdue's OWL (Online Writing Lab) provides instruction on how to use APA 7th. Below are a few topics covered by the OWL. APA Style Introduction APA 7th

  6. APA Style

    Purdue OWL: APA Formatting and Style Guide. This resource, updated to reflect the APA Handbook (7th ed.), offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the references page. Check here for help citing more resources or make an appointment with an Oxford librarian! Publication Manual of ...

  7. APA Formatting and Style Guide

    This resource was written by David Neyhart and Erin Karper. Last full revision by Jodi Wagner. Last edited by Dana Lynn Driscoll on May 17th 2007 at 3:24PM. Summary: APA (American Psychological Association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 5th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA ...

  8. Library: Purdue Global Library: APA Style Help & Tools

    Learn the basics of APA Style, including how to format a manuscript, understand the form and function of common manuscript parts, organize and express your thoughts clearly and precisely, employ the mechanics of style, use graphic elements effectively, credit sources and acknowledge the contributions of others, and construct a comprehensive and ...

  9. Formatting Your Paper

    APA Formatting and Style Guide 7th Edition : Formatting Your Paper. ... APA 7th Edition Style Guide from Purdue Owl gives helpful examples on formatting your paper in APA. << Previous: Plagiarism; Next: APA In-Text Citations >> Last Updated: Nov 14, 2023 11:39 AM;

  10. Purdue Owl: APA Formatting & Style Guide

    English Developed by Purdue's Online Writing Lab. Contains resources on in-text citation and the references page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.

  11. APA Style

    7th Edition6th Edition Once you review the different aspects of APA formatting, you may find that it takes you awhile to remember everything you need to do. Referring back to helpful resources here can help, but a guide of the key components of APA can provide important reminders and support.

  12. APA Citation Format

    APA Style Manual Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th ed. by American Psychological Association Call Number: BF76.7 .P83 2020 (three copies at HSSE reference desk, one in HICKS) ISBN: 9781433832161 Publication Date: 2020 Last Updated: Dec 7, 2023 8:40 AM URL: https://guides.lib.purdue.edu/psychology Print Page

  13. Purdue OWL

    APA Style. The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Teachers and trainers may use this material for ...

  14. APA Style (7th Edition)

    APA Style Workshop; APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition) General Format; In-Text Citations: The Basics; In-Text Citations: Author/Authors; Reference List: Basic Rules; ... Welcome to the Purdue OWL. This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice. ...

  15. WNCLibrary: How To: Citation and Style Guides: APA Style

    APA Formatting and Style Guide (Purdue OWL) . From the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL), this site provides extensive explanation and examples of APA style. APA Style Citation Guide (Seattle). This useful handout from the Seattle Central Community College Library covers the basics of the APA citation style in an easy to use format.

  16. APA Style

    The authority on APA Style and the 7th edition of the APA Publication Manual. Find tutorials, the APA Style Blog, how to format papers in APA Style, and other resources to help you improve your writing, master APA Style, and learn the conventions of scholarly publishing.

  17. APA

    Citation management tools help you track and organize the articles you are gathering for your research. Citation management tools also generate in-text citations, import records from databases, and reference pages. NOTE: Errors do occasionally occur with citation managers, so always check your citations and references.

  18. Terry P. McMahan Library: APA Style Guide: Basics

    Purdue OWL APA Formatting and Style Guide. General Format; In Text Citations and Quotes; Reference List; What APA says. General Format. APA style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference ...

  19. APA Citation Style Information

    APA Formatting & Style Guide by Purdue Owl. APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the ...

  20. LibGuides: APA Formatting and Style Guide 7th Edition : Home

    APA 7th Edition Video Tutorial. Select the link to view the APA 7th Edition Tutorial or go to the library webpage and select Video Tutorials or Citing Sources at this link: Wor-Wic Library Webpage. worwic.edu > Services & Support > scroll to Resource Centers (Library) on the right > Video Tutorials. APA 7th Edition Style Guide from Purdue Owl ...

  21. PDF APA Formatting and Style Guide

    3/18/2015 2 General Format • be typed and double-spaced be printed on standard-sized paper (8.5"x11") • use 1" margins on all sides • use 10-12 pt. Times New Roman or a similar font • include a page header (title) in the upper left-hand of every page and a page number in the upper right-hand side of every page Note: If you are writing a manuscript draft, APA

  22. UTEP Library Research Guides: ESOL 1311

    These OWL resources will help you learn how to use the American Psychological Association (APA) citation and format style. This section contains resources on in-text citation and the References page, as well as APA sample papers, slide presentations, and the APA classroom poster.

  23. PDF Using "et al." in APA 7: A Quick Rundown

    According to the APA Style Manual 7. th. Edi on (Sec ons 8.10-8.36), whenever you're referring to a work with three or more authors, you should always use et al., even in the first cita on. This is a departure from previous edi ons of APA. The only me you would ever deviate from this format is if using the et al. would cause

  24. Purdue OWL: APA Formatting and Style Guide

    After consulting with publication specialists at the APA, OWL staff learned that the APA 6th edition, first printing sample papers have incorrect examples of Running heads on pages after the title page. This link will take you to the APA site where you can find a complete list of all the errors in the APA's 6th edition style guide.. Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in ...

  25. LibGuides: NSED 150 (Sinha) 2024: APA Citation Style

    Big Picture. APA style features in-text parenthetical citations, with a focus on author/date, and a corresponding Reference page.. In-Text Citations . elements include author's last name, year of publication and page number(s) elements in are separated by commas - Example: (Arnold, 2015, p. 378) a direct quote requires a page number preceded by p.

  26. Write & Cite

    The College of Education and Human Development uses the APA style to format papers and generate citations. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) Fenwick Reference BF76.7 .P83 2020 Academic Writer Tutorial Basics of 7th edition APA Style: This tutorial is designed for writers new to APA Style.Learn the basics of seventh edition APA Style, including paper elements ...