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Objective<br />

<strong>VIT</strong><br />

U N I V E R S I T Y<br />

(Estd. u/s 3 of UGC Act 1956)<br />

Vellore - 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India<br />

<strong>VIT</strong> <strong>University</strong> Theses / Dissertations Format<br />

Office of the Director of Academic Research<br />

Guidelines <strong>for</strong> Preparing Thesis/Dissertation<br />

These guidelines are provided to <strong>for</strong>mally expose you to the various ethical <strong>and</strong><br />

technical issues involved in writing up your work <strong>and</strong> the <strong>for</strong>mat you are required to<br />

adhere to while submitting your work as MS [By Research] / Ph D thesis or M Phil<br />

dissertation.<br />

Ethics Involved<br />

Knowing the difference between ethical <strong>and</strong> unethical practices in technical writing<br />

requires an underst<strong>and</strong>ing of plagiarism, paraphrasing, <strong>and</strong> quotation. These concepts<br />

are defined below. (The definitions are reproduced from the `H<strong>and</strong>book of Technical<br />

Writing' by Brusaw et al., St. Martin's Press, 1993.)<br />

Plagiarism<br />

``To use someone else's exact words without quotation marks <strong>and</strong> appropriate credit,<br />

or to use the unique ideas of someone else without acknowledgment, is known as<br />

plagiarism. In publishing, plagiarism is illegal; in other circumstances, it is, at the<br />

least, unethical. You may quote or paraphrase the words or ideas of another if you<br />

document your source. Although you need not enclose the paraphrased material in<br />

quotation marks, you must document the source. Paraphrased ideas are taken from<br />

someone else whether or not the words are identical. Paraphrasing a passage without<br />

citing the source is permissible only when the in<strong>for</strong>mation paraphrased is common<br />

knowledge in a field. (Common knowledge refers to historical, scientific,<br />

geographical, technical, <strong>and</strong> other type of in<strong>for</strong>mation on a topic readily available in<br />

h<strong>and</strong>books, manuals, atlases <strong>and</strong> other references.)''<br />

Examples of Plagiarism<br />

Clearly, taking sentences/paragraphs from sources such as journal articles, books,<br />

reports, proceedings, <strong>theses</strong>, <strong>and</strong> Internet, mixing them to camouflage the source,<br />

changing some of the words, or rearranging the sentences is plagiarism. Picking<br />

sentences from various sources to <strong>for</strong>m paragraphs is also plagiarism. Similarly, if<br />

there is a thesis/report already submitted <strong>and</strong> is closely aligned with your work,<br />

copying sections such as literature survey, methodology, theory, etc., with or without<br />

changes is also plagiarism. You must carry out your own literature survey, write your<br />

own interpretation of theory or methodology after reading the relevant material or<br />

quote from earlier reports or the relevant material using quotation marks.

Taking experimental data <strong>and</strong> pictures from others' work or from the internet without<br />

citing the authors or the website is a far more serious issue. Graphs <strong>and</strong> schematics<br />

already published in a work can be reproduced after taking written permission from<br />

the copyright holder. You can alternatively re-plot the same data <strong>and</strong> prominently cite<br />

the authors in the figure/table captions as well as in the text; under no circumstances<br />

should you leave a reader with the confusion that this could be your data. The written<br />

permission from the author(s), although not necessary, is still a desirable option. It<br />

also helps you establish contacts in your field.<br />

Paraphrasing<br />

``When you paraphrase a written passage, you rewrite it to state the essential ideas in<br />

your own words. Because you do not quote your source word <strong>for</strong> word when<br />

paraphrasing, it is unnecessary to enclose the paraphrased material in quotation<br />

marks. However, the paraphrased material must be properly referenced because the<br />

ideas are taken from someone else whether or not the words are identical.<br />

Ordinarily, the majority of the notes you take during the research phase of writing<br />

your report will paraphrase the original material. Paraphrase only the essential ideas.<br />

Strive to put original ideas into your own words without distorting them.''<br />

Quotations<br />

``When you have borrowed words, facts, or idea of any kind from someone else's<br />

work, acknowledge your debt by giving your source credit in footnote (or in running<br />

text as cited reference). Otherwise you will be guilty of plagiarism. Also be sure you<br />

have represented the original material honestly <strong>and</strong> accurately. Direct word to word<br />

quotations are enclosed in quotation marks.''<br />

When you use programs written by others with or without modifications, the<br />

report/thesis must clearly bring this out with proper references, <strong>and</strong> must also reflect<br />

the extent of modification introduced by you, if any. A modified program is not<br />

entirely yours. Only a program, which you write from scratch, does not require source<br />

to be identified. Identification of source in all other cases is must. St<strong>and</strong>ard<br />

subroutines (even if public domain) used in your programs must be properly<br />

referenced. Although programs need not be appended to the thesis, they must be<br />

submitted to your research supervisor in hard copy <strong>and</strong> other media. Inclusion of a<br />

computational flow chart in your thesis is highly recommended, however.<br />

The material presented in the thesis/report must be self contained. A reader must be<br />

able to reproduce your experimental, theoretical, computational, <strong>and</strong> simulations<br />

results based on the in<strong>for</strong>mation presented in the thesis. You must mention the names<br />

of the suppliers whose chemicals/instruments were used in the work to allow a reader<br />

to setup an experiment. While discussing issues related to computation time, the<br />

hardware used must be specified accurately, using processor speed, etc.

Quotation <strong>and</strong> Reference to Earlier Work<br />

If reproduction of some text material available in a published work can enhance the<br />

value to your thesis, you can add it to your thesis in the <strong>for</strong>m of quoted material or a<br />

quotation. Such material should be indented on both sides over <strong>and</strong> above the<br />

indentation used <strong>for</strong> the regular text. It should preferably be single spaced, <strong>and</strong> appear<br />

as a separate paragraph(s), whether short or long. The idea is to make such material<br />

st<strong>and</strong> out from the rest of the text that you have written. Clearly, too many quotations<br />

or quoted paragraphs are not desirable in a thesis which is an original piece of work.<br />

Not quoting a material taken verbatim from another source is however plagiarism.<br />

Paraphrasing <strong>and</strong> giving credit to the author(s) is more accepted way of referring to<br />

earlier works.<br />

References<br />

Names of all the authors with their initials, title of the article, names of editors <strong>for</strong> edited<br />

books or proceedings, <strong>and</strong> the range of pages that contain the referenced material<br />

must appear in the bibliography. You should not mix citation styles of several journals<br />

<strong>and</strong> create your own style.<br />

Format <strong>for</strong> Thesis<br />

The thesis/dissertation has to be prepared keeping in view that the copies submitted to<br />

the libraries or to your supervisor could be the only surviving copies containing your<br />

valuable results. Readability <strong>and</strong> longevity of the copy you prepare <strong>for</strong> library, <strong>and</strong><br />

your supervisor <strong>and</strong> other students are there<strong>for</strong>e of paramount importance.<br />

Good readability requires that there are no grammatical mistakes in the text. Minor<br />

grammatical mistakes are annoying irritants <strong>and</strong> distract a reader from progressing<br />

with the text without losing focus. Unnecessary use of italicized, underlined, <strong>and</strong> bold<br />

faced words in the text is also irksome; such usage must be kept to a bare minimum.<br />

The font size <strong>and</strong> font type used <strong>for</strong> headings should be just big enough to indicate a<br />

break in continuity; the heading should not dominate the layout of a page.<br />

It is advised that research students may contact office of the Director Academic<br />

Research regarding that <strong>for</strong>mat requirements be<strong>for</strong>e they take a final print out.<br />

The following guidelines are being laid down to ensure that the <strong>theses</strong> submitted<br />

hence<strong>for</strong>th meet certain minimum st<strong>and</strong>ards with respect to the <strong>for</strong>mat.

1. Sequencing :<br />

Format <strong>for</strong> Preparation of Thesis / Dissertation<br />

The sequence in which the thesis should be arranged <strong>and</strong> bound should be as follows:<br />

1. Cover Page & Title Page<br />

2. Declaration<br />

3. Certificate<br />

4. Abstract (not exceeding 300 words)<br />

5. Acknowledgement (1 page)<br />

6. Contents<br />

7. List of Figures / Exhibits / Charts<br />

8. List of Tables<br />

9. Symbols & Notations<br />

10. Chapters<br />

11. Appendices<br />

12. References<br />

2. Page Dimensions & Binding Specifications:<br />

The dimension of the Thesis should be in Bond Sheet.<br />

Page Specification:<br />

Left Margin<br />

Right Margin<br />

Top Margin<br />

Bottom Margin<br />

: 1.5 inch<br />

: 1 inch<br />

The thesis should be bound using flexible cover (soft binding) with below mentioned<br />

colored art paper. The cover should be printed in black letters <strong>and</strong> the text <strong>for</strong><br />

printing should be identical. The guidelines total number of pages in the report <strong>for</strong><br />

each program is shown below:<br />

Course<br />

Color of<br />

Art Paper<br />

Total Number of Pages<br />

in the Thesis<br />

Ph D White Min. of 100 – Max. of 300<br />

M Phil / M S [By Research] White Min. of 80 – Max. of 200<br />

Page numbers – All text pages as well as program source code listings should be<br />

numbered using Arabic numerals at the bottom center of the pages.<br />

Font<br />

Times New Roman 12pt font should be used consistently throughout the text.<br />

Captions <strong>for</strong> tables <strong>and</strong> figures can be in smaller fonts, but not smaller than 10pt.

Paragraphs<br />

No paragraph should have its opening line at the bottom of a page. A clear, consistent,<br />

but not too large a separation must be provided between the paragraphs throughout<br />

the thesis.<br />

Headings<br />

Chapter Heading – Font Size: 16, Bold, Times New Roman<br />

Section Heading – Font Size: 14, Times New Roman, CAPS<br />

Subsection Heading – Font Size: 12, Times New Roman, CAPS<br />

Line spacing<br />

The line spacing used should be the same throughout the text, <strong>and</strong> can be chosen to be<br />

between one <strong>and</strong> a half. The lines in captions <strong>for</strong> figures <strong>and</strong> tables, Table of<br />

Contents, List of Figures, <strong>and</strong> List of Tables can be single spaced, if desired.<br />

3. Preparation Format:<br />

Cover Page & Title Page [Synopsis]:<br />

As per the <strong>for</strong>mat given in Appendix A.<br />

Cover Page & Title Page [Thesis]:<br />

As per the <strong>for</strong>mat given in Appendix B.<br />

Declaration:<br />

As per the <strong>for</strong>mat given in Appendix C.<br />

Certificate:<br />

As per the <strong>for</strong>mat given in Appendix D.<br />

The certificate shall be followed by the Guide’s signature <strong>and</strong> academic designation<br />

Abstract:<br />

Abstract should be one page synopsis of the thesis typed one <strong>and</strong> a half line spacing,<br />

Font Style: Times New Roman <strong>and</strong> Font Size: 12. The abstract is a very brief<br />

summary of the thesis contents. It should be about one page long not more than 300<br />

words. The 300-word statement should describe the problem addressed by your<br />

thesis, a description of the work completed <strong>and</strong> a summary of any findings or lessons<br />

learned. The <strong>for</strong>mat is given Appendix E.<br />

Acknowledgement:<br />

In the “Acknowledgement” page, the student acknowledges the guidance <strong>and</strong><br />

assistance of the Research advisor <strong>and</strong> other members. Courtesy dem<strong>and</strong>s that he /<br />

she also recognizes specific contributions by other persons or institutions such as<br />

libraries <strong>and</strong> research foundations. Sometimes the nature of the contribution is<br />

described (For example, permission <strong>for</strong> the use of equipment, facilities <strong>and</strong>

documents). Acknowledgement should be expressed simply, tastefully, <strong>and</strong> tactfully.<br />

The <strong>for</strong>mat is given Appendix F.<br />

Citation of References:<br />

Please follow the following <strong>for</strong>mat <strong>for</strong> citing references:<br />

• Tatavarti (1987) <strong>for</strong> citing single author reference<br />

• Tatavarti <strong>and</strong> Narayanan (1992) <strong>for</strong> citing references having two authors<br />

• Tatavarti et al (2004) <strong>for</strong> citing references having more than two authors<br />

References:<br />

The references should be typed as follows:<br />

1. Journals: Give complete in<strong>for</strong>mation like name(s) of all author(s), year, Title of<br />

the paper, Journal, year of publication, volume, number <strong>and</strong> pages<br />

2. International Conferences: Give all in<strong>for</strong>mation like name(s) of all author(s),<br />

year, Title of the papers, Conference details like organizers, the publisher, Editors<br />

of the proceedings, page No. <strong>and</strong> place<br />

3. Books: Give all in<strong>for</strong>mation like name(s) of author(s), year, Title of the Book,<br />

Book details like, publisher, page no. <strong>and</strong> place.<br />

All references should be typed in alphabetical order at the end of thesis.<br />

Submission of Synopsis & Thesis<br />

I. Synopsis Submission: [only <strong>for</strong> Ph D & M S [By Research]]<br />

Be<strong>for</strong>e synopsis approval meeting submit 8 copy of synopsis to the Academic<br />

Research office.<br />

After synopsis approval meeting, submit 6 copies of synopsis to the Academic<br />

II. Thesis / Dissertation Submission:<br />

Requirements <strong>for</strong> Submitting Ph D/M S [By Research]/M Phil thesis.<br />

1. Covering letter (through proper channel)<br />

2. Thesis Submission <strong>for</strong>m (with Fee Receipt)<br />

3. Hard copy (4 copies)

Appendix A<br />

Synopsis of the Thesis<br />

<br />

TITLE OF THE THESIS<br />

to be submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements <strong>for</strong> the degree of<br />

Doctor of Philosophy<br />

by <br />

Name of the c<strong>and</strong>idate<br />

Month, Year<br />

Appendix B<br />

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements <strong>for</strong> the degree of<br />

Appendix C<br />

DECLARATION<br />

I here by declare that the thesis entitled “TITLE OF THE THESIS” submitted<br />

by me, <strong>for</strong> the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to <strong>VIT</strong> <strong>University</strong> is a<br />

record of bonafide work carried out by me under the supervision of<br />

Dr. …………..<br />

I further declare that the work reported in this thesis has not been submitted<br />

<strong>and</strong> will not be submitted, either in part or in full, <strong>for</strong> the award of any other degree or<br />

diploma in this institute or any other institute or university.<br />

Place : Vellore<br />

Date : Signature of the C<strong>and</strong>idate<br />

Appendix D<br />

CERTIFICATE<br />

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “TITLE OF THE THESIS” submitted<br />

by NAME OF THE CANDIDATE (School/Centre) <strong>VIT</strong> <strong>University</strong>, <strong>for</strong> the award of<br />

the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, is a record of bonafide work carried out by<br />

him/her under my supervision, as per the <strong>VIT</strong> code of academic <strong>and</strong> research ethics.<br />

The contents of this report have not been submitted <strong>and</strong> will not be submitted<br />

either in part or in full, <strong>for</strong> the award of any other degree or diploma in this institute or<br />

any other institute or university. The thesis fulfills the requirements <strong>and</strong> regulations of<br />

the <strong>University</strong> <strong>and</strong> in my opinion meets the necessary st<strong>and</strong>ards <strong>for</strong> submission.<br />

Date : Signature of the Guide<br />

Appendix E<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

Electronic Business offers innovative ways of doing business through Internet.<br />

Internet revolution has introduced number of advanced technologies to access<br />

organizations all over the world in an efficient but simple manner. Internet traffic is<br />

increasing exponentially as a result of wireless access, mobile computing <strong>and</strong> other<br />

innovative communication technologies.<br />

Appendix F<br />

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT<br />

It express my profound gratitude to my Research Guide NAME OF THE<br />

GUIDE, Designation, School, <strong>VIT</strong> <strong>University</strong>, enabling me to complete the thesis…..<br />

Date :<br />

Name of the C<strong>and</strong>idate<br />

Chapter 1<br />

Introduction<br />

1.1 E – BUSINESS <br />

Electronic business (e-business) refers the use of Internet <strong>for</strong> doing business.<br />

At its most developed level, e-business aims to reduce costs <strong>and</strong> improve efficiencies<br />

by integrating business systems <strong>and</strong> eliminating duplication of ef<strong>for</strong>ts, thereby<br />

achieving more with fewer resources <strong>and</strong> <strong>for</strong> lesser cost.<br />

1.1.1 ADVANTAGES OF E-BUSINESS <br />

The advent of Internet revolution has given rise to new techniques <strong>and</strong> models<br />

of doing business electronically that break space <strong>and</strong> time limitations.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

Eckart, C. (1951). Surface waves on water of variable depth, Wave Rep. 100, Scripps<br />

Inst. of Oceanogr., Univ. of Cali<strong>for</strong>nia, pp.99. <br />

Hasselmann, K., W.H. Munk <strong>and</strong> G.J.F. MacDonald (1963). Bispectra of Ocean<br />

Waves, In: M. Rosenblatt (ed.), Time Series Analysis, John Wiley Sons, p. 125, New<br />

York. .<br />

Stoker, J.J. (1957). Water Waves. Interscience, New York. p. 520.<br />

Tatavarti, Rao V.S.N. <strong>and</strong> D.A. Huntley (1987). Wave reflection at Beaches. Proc.<br />

Canadian Coastal Conference, Quebec City, pp. 241-255, Canada.<br />

Wallace, J.M. <strong>and</strong> R.E. Dickinson (1972). Empirical orthogonal representation of time<br />

series in the frequency domain, Part I: Theoretical considerations, J. App.<br />

Meteorology, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 887-892. <br />

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Objective <strong>VIT</strong> U N I V E R S I T Y (Estd. u/s 3 of UGC Act 1956) Vellore - 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India <strong>VIT</strong> <strong>University</strong> Theses / Dissertations Format Office of the Director of Academic Research Guidelines <strong>for</strong> Preparing Thesis/Dissertation These guidelines are provided to <strong>for</strong>mally expose you to the various ethical <strong>and</strong> technical issues involved in writing up your work <strong>and</strong> the <strong>for</strong>mat you are required to adhere to while submitting your work as MS [By Research] / Ph D thesis or M Phil dissertation. Ethics Involved Knowing the difference between ethical <strong>and</strong> unethical practices in technical writing requires an underst<strong>and</strong>ing of plagiarism, paraphrasing, <strong>and</strong> quotation. These concepts are defined below. (The definitions are reproduced from the `H<strong>and</strong>book of Technical Writing' by Brusaw et al., St. Martin's Press, 1993.) Plagiarism ``To use someone else's exact words without quotation marks <strong>and</strong> appropriate credit, or to use the unique ideas of someone else without acknowledgment, is known as plagiarism. In publishing, plagiarism is illegal; in other circumstances, it is, at the least, unethical. You may quote or paraphrase the words or ideas of another if you document your source. Although you need not enclose the paraphrased material in quotation marks, you must document the source. Paraphrased ideas are taken from someone else whether or not the words are identical. Paraphrasing a passage without citing the source is permissible only when the in<strong>for</strong>mation paraphrased is common knowledge in a field. (Common knowledge refers to historical, scientific, geographical, technical, <strong>and</strong> other type of in<strong>for</strong>mation on a topic readily available in h<strong>and</strong>books, manuals, atlases <strong>and</strong> other references.)'' Examples of Plagiarism Clearly, taking sentences/paragraphs from sources such as journal articles, books, reports, proceedings, <strong>theses</strong>, <strong>and</strong> Internet, mixing them to camouflage the source, changing some of the words, or rearranging the sentences is plagiarism. Picking sentences from various sources to <strong>for</strong>m paragraphs is also plagiarism. Similarly, if there is a thesis/report already submitted <strong>and</strong> is closely aligned with your work, copying sections such as literature survey, methodology, theory, etc., with or without changes is also plagiarism. You must carry out your own literature survey, write your own interpretation of theory or methodology after reading the relevant material or quote from earlier reports or the relevant material using quotation marks.

• Page 2 and 3: Taking experimental data and pictur
• Page 4 and 5: VIT University Theses / Dissertatio
• Page 6 and 7: VIT University Theses / Dissertatio
• Page 8 and 9: Appendix B VIT University Theses /
• Page 10 and 11: Appendix D VIT University Theses /
• Page 12 and 13: Appendix F VIT University Theses /
• Page 14: VIT University Theses / Dissertatio

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SHORT SYLLABUS

ShortvSyllabus

VIT University

Solvability of functional-integral equations (fractional order) using measure of noncompactness

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.