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Definition of era noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

  • the Victorian/modern/post-war era
  • When she left the firm, it was the end of an era (= things were different after that) .
  • a new era of peace
  • This is the start of a new era of peace and prosperity.
  • The country has entered an era of high unemployment.
  • The fall of the Berlin Wall ushered in a whole new era.
  • The room had the elegance of a bygone era.
  • We live in an era of religious uncertainty.
  • a new era in the history of art
  • a practice that has survived into the present era
  • movies of the silent era
  • the early centuries of the Christian Era
  • the golden era of radio
  • In the modern era, the state is the provider of welfare.
  • It is one of the most famous churches built in the Victorian era.
  • during an/​the era
  • in an/​the era
  • the beginning of an era
  • the dawn of an era
  • the dawning of an era

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  • ( geology ) a length of time that is a division of an aeon

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a period of time marked by distinctive character, events, etc.: The use of steam for power marked the beginning of an era.

Slang . a period of time in a person’s life characterized by something distinctive and noticeable, such as a particular emotional state, relationship, achievement, or interest: She’s started wearing all black now that she’s in her sad girl era. They are definitely in their flop era and could use a complete makeover.

the period of time to which anything belongs or is to be assigned: She was born in the era of hansoms and gaslight.

a system of chronologic notation reckoned from a given date: The era of the Romans was based upon the time the city of Rome was founded.

a point of time from which succeeding years are numbered, as at the beginning of a system of chronology: Caesar died many years before our era.

a date or an event forming the beginning of any distinctive period: The year 1492 marks an era in world history.

Geology . a major division of geologic time composed of a number of periods.

Origin of era

Synonym study for era, words nearby era.

  • equivocation
  • eradication

Other definitions for ERA (2 of 2)

Baseball . earned run average .

Emergency Relief Administration.

Equal Rights Amendment: proposed 27th amendment to the U.S. Constitution that would prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender.

Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2024

How to use era in a sentence

He describes an agency stuck in the mainframe era that needed to come up to speed quickly to fight the threat.

NBCUniversal is looking to update traditional TV measurement and planning for an era in which advertisers want to know how many sales they received versus how many people they reached.

On top of all this, the company is benefiting from consumers’ growing aversion to cash in the pandemic era .

Those of us who grew up in that era are now in our forties and fifties.

Speakers during the hearing floated several ideas about helping workers in the machine learning era .

Even in the medieval era this disparity made Christians uncomfortable.

The number of dissenters though is unprecedented in the modern era .

Community policing is expensive and, in an era of budget cuts, increasingly rare.

There were stories of distant strife, in Bosnia, Rwanda, and Northern Ireland, and those stories had the whiff of a different era .

One of the most famous directors of this era was Shin Sang-ok (신상옥).

Science teaches that man existed during the glacial epoch, which was at least fifty thousand years before the Christian era .

In the preceding chapter an examination has been made of the purely mechanical side of the era of machine production.

They embody in themselves the uppermost thought of the era that was dawning when they were written.

Here was a bit of a civilization of a building era , that was almost old, everything being relative.

How often she had remembered that day as an era ; the beginning of the best things in her uneventful life!

British Dictionary definitions for era (1 of 2)

/ ( ˈɪərə ) /

a period of time considered as being of a distinctive character; epoch

an extended period of time the years of which are numbered from a fixed point or event : the Christian era

a point in time, esp one beginning a new or distinctive period : the discovery of antibiotics marked an era in modern medicine

geology a major division of geological time, divided into several periods : the Mesozoic era

British Dictionary definitions for ERA (2 of 2)

/ ( ˈiːrə ) /

(in Britain) Education Reform Act: the 1988 act which established the key elements of the National Curriculum

(in the US) Equal Rights Amendment: a proposed amendment to the US Constitution enshrining equality between the sexes

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Scientific definitions for era

A division of geologic time , longer than a period and shorter than an eon.

The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

The Four Eras of the Geologic Time Scale

The Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Eras

United States Geological Survey/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain

  • History Of Life On Earth
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  • M.A., Technological Teaching and Learning, Ashford University
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The Geologic Time Scale is the history of the Earth broken down into four spans of time marked by various events, such as the emergence of certain species, their evolution, and their extinction, that help distinguish one era from another. Strictly speaking, Precambrian  Time is not an actual era due to the lack of diversity of life, however, it's still considered significant because it predates the other three eras and may hold clues as to how all life on Earth eventually came to be.

Precambrian Time: 4.6 billion to 542 Million Years Ago

Precambrian Time started at the beginning of the Earth 4.6 billion years ago. For billions of years, there was no life on the planet. It wasn't until the end of Precambrian Time that single-celled organisms came into existence. No one is certain how life on Earth began, but theories include the  Primordial ​Soup Theory ,  Hydrothermal Vent Theory , and  Panspermia Theory .

The end of this time span saw the rise of a few more complex animals in the oceans, such as jellyfish. There was still no life on land, and the atmosphere was just beginning to accumulate the oxygen required for higher-order animals to survive. Living organisms wouldn't proliferate and diversify until the next era.

Paleozoic Era: 542 Million to 250 Million Years Ago

Jose A. Bernat Bacete/Getty Images

The Paleozoic Era began with the Cambrian Explosion, a relatively rapid period of speciation that kicked off a long period of life flourishing on Earth. Vast amounts of life forms from the oceans moved onto the land. Plants were the first to make the move, followed by invertebrates. Not long afterward, vertebrates took to the land. Many new species appeared and thrived.

The end of the Paleozoic Era came with the largest mass extinction in the history of life on Earth, wiping out 95% of marine life and nearly 70% of life on land.  Climate changes  were most likely the cause of this phenomenon as the continents all drifted together to form Pangaea. As devastating this  mass extinction  was, it paved the way for new species to arise and a new era to begin.

Mesozoic Era: 250 Million to 65 Million Years Ago

After the Permian Extinction caused so many species to go extinct, a wide variety of new species evolved and thrived during the Mesozoic Era, which is also known as the "age of the dinosaurs" since dinosaurs were the dominant species of the age.

The climate during the Mesozoic Era was very humid and tropical, and many lush, green plants sprouted all over the Earth. Dinosaurs started off small and grew larger as the Mesozoic Era went on. Herbivores thrived. Small mammals came into existence, and birds evolved from the dinosaurs.

Another mass extinction marked the end of the Mesozoic Era, whether triggered by a giant meteor or comet impact, volcanic activity, more gradual climate change, or various combinations of these factors. All the dinosaurs and many other animals, especially herbivores, died off, leaving niches  to be filled by new species in the coming era.

Cenozoic Era: 65 Million Years Ago to the Present

Dorling Kindersley/Getty Images

The final time period on the Geologic Time Scale is the Cenozoic Period. With large dinosaurs now extinct, smaller mammals that had survived were able to grow and become dominant.

The climate changed drastically over a relatively short period of time, becoming much cooler and drier than during the Mesozoic Era. An ice age covered most temperate parts of the Earth with glaciers, causing life to adapt relatively rapidly and the rate of evolution to increase.

All species of life—including humans—evolved into their present-day forms over the course of this era, which hasn't ended and most likely won't until another mass extinction occurs.

  • Life on Earth During the Precambrian Time Span
  • Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction
  • Mesozoic Era
  • Prehistoric Life During the Permian Period
  • The K/T Extinction Event
  • The Cambrian Period (542-488 Million Years Ago)
  • The 5 Major Mass Extinctions
  • The Evolution of the First Mammals
  • Alfred Wegener's Pangaea Hypothesis
  • The Cenozoic Era Continues Today
  • Geologic Time Scale: Eons, Eras, and Periods
  • The Permian-Triassic Extinction Event
  • Prehistoric Life During the Devonian Period
  • A Fossil Picture Gallery
  • The Carboniferous Period
  • The Ordovician Period (488-443 Million Years Ago)

Cambridge Dictionary

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Meaning of era in English

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  • The present political system is a hangover from the colonial era.
  • He remembers the 1960s as being an era of sexual permissiveness .
  • The president's speech heralds a new era in foreign policy .
  • We are on the threshold of a new era in European relations .
  • The era was characterized by political and cultural turbulence .
  • The Mesoproterozoic era occurred from 1,600 to 1,000 million years ago.
  • a long haul idiom
  • be in something for the long haul idiom
  • donkey's years idiom
  • forever and a day idiom
  • not in a month of Sundays idiom

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

era | American Dictionary

Era | business english, examples of era, collocations with era.

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Guest Essay

What if Federal Reparations Weren’t a Fiction?

A finger points at a map of Illinois.

By Maura Cheeks

Ms. Cheeks is the author of the novel “Acts of Forgiveness.”

In my debut novel, a family retraces their lineage in order to be eligible for the nation’s first federal reparations program for Black Americans. When I was selling my novel in 2021, it was pitched to publishers as “speculative fiction, but only slightly.” I hadn’t specifically identified that genre, but I could see how it made sense: Up to that point, only one U.S. city, Evanston, Ill., had actually issued reparations in the form of housing grants. The idea that the United States could ever collectively support a national reparations policy for Black people seemed, well, the stuff of fiction.

Since then, reparations task forces and commissions have been created in California , Illinois , New York and Pennsylvania . State and citywide reparations initiatives offer a unique opportunity: They can look at specific harms perpetrated in a community, like redlining or wrongful drug convictions, and offer redress for citizens and the families who lived there. In Evanston, for example, reparations are being funded through revenue generated from a cannabis tax . If you can prove that you were a Black resident of African descent between 1919 and 1969 or are the direct descendant of one, or that you suffered housing discrimination related to the city’s policies after 1969, then you are eligible for a payment. As of August, the city had distributed just over $1 million, with more funding on the way.

But what happens if you do not live in a community that pursues reparations? Slavery was a complex multistate system enabled by the federal government and protected by a sweeping body of law . The same government later promoted and propped up segregationist policies and failed to uphold the values of the 14th and 15th amendments across the Jim Crow South. To address systemic inequalities rooted in federal law, a federal reparations policy is required. One city , even multiple cities, or states, can’t compensate individuals for what an entire nation has done.

I decided to write about reparations after researching the racial wealth gap , the statistics of which continue to paint a picture of widespread systemic failure. According to the Federal Reserve’s 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances, the typical white family has about six times as much wealth as the typical Black family, despite the fact that between 2019 and 2022 the typical Black family’s wealth rose at about twice the rate of the typical white family’s during the same period. The Black-white homeownership gap has been little changed for decades; in 2021, according to the National Association of Realtors, the Black homeownership rate was 44 percent compared to 72.7 percent among White Americans. White college graduates have over seven times the amount of wealth as Black college graduates. If you believe the increasing wealth gap among Black and white Americans is worth closing (and, pointedly, not everyone does), then it’s hard to read these statistics without intuiting that a federal intervention must be part of the equation.

I am both encouraged by more local reparations policies and wary of what we lose if we rely on them alone. In my novel, I imagined a federal program because I wanted to explore how it could also facilitate psychological healing across generations. What might it mean for Black Americans to feel that their country sees their pain and wants to make it right? If we could acknowledge what we did wrong so that we could begin moving forward?

Statistics are numbers that don’t tell the whole story. They don’t show what it’s like for a middle-class Black man wearing a hoodie to be denied entry to spaces that white people in the same attire are allowed to patronize. Or what it’s like for a Black woman with natural hair to receive sidelong glances in an interview and then be denied a job offer.

While reparations obviously won’t solve racism in America, they are still a necessary step. As Ta-Nehisi Coates argued almost 10 years ago in the pivotal essay “The Case for Reparations,” reparations go beyond financial recourse. He wrote: “What I’m talking about is more than recompense for past injustices — more than a handout, a payoff, hush money, or a reluctant bribe. What I’m talking about is a national reckoning that would lead to spiritual renewal.”

The word “reparations” has become something of a punchline, and the term invokes anger and frustration across the political spectrum. Trying to prove why reparations might be both worthwhile and realistic can feel like a Sisyphean task. The thought of increased tax rates or inflation to fund a national program can inspire panic. But as William A. Darity Jr. and A. Kirsten Mullen point out in their 2020 book “From Here to Equality,” a reparations proposal could span several years, with money disbursed in installments and potentially only after applicants apply to use the funds to purchase a home or start a business.

If there is doubt that the United States can afford this, consider how quickly the country mobilized to provide $800 billion for the Paycheck Protection Program during the pandemic or hundreds of billions of dollars to bail out banks in 2008. Then consider what the public reaction might be if there was a Black reparations program with even a tiny fraction of those price tags. I find this to be a helpful thought experiment — it is not a matter of if we can do it, but rather whether we want to. It is a matter of acknowledging what we value, and deciding whether atonement for roughly 250 years of brutalization makes the cut.

In the book, I imagine what conditions would have to be true for the United States to move closer toward a federal reparations program. If those conditions were met, what might it actually look like for one family? What might be the pros and cons? Part of the promise of creating art in America is that it allows us to examine difficult topics while illuminating universal truths. It helps us acknowledge who we are, while preparing us for the way forward. As my protagonist’s grandfather says to his family: “I never thought in my lifetime, son. Not in my lifetime.”

It’s unclear if or when America will make amends to Black families. But if we do, it’s likely that someone, somewhere, will remark in relief at the recompense long overdue.

Maura Cheeks is the author of the novel “Acts of Forgiveness” and the owner of Liz’s Book Bar, a bookstore, cafe and wine bar planned for Brooklyn.

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

Follow the New York Times Opinion section on Facebook , Instagram , TikTok , X and Threads .

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Definition of present

 (Entry 1 of 4)

Definition of present  (Entry 2 of 4)

transitive verb

intransitive verb

Definition of present  (Entry 3 of 4)

Definition of present  (Entry 4 of 4)

  • fairing [ British ]
  • freebee
  • largess
  • presentation
  • present-day
  • here and now

give , present , donate , bestow , confer , afford mean to convey to another as a possession.

give , the general term, is applicable to any passing over of anything by any means.

present carries a note of formality and ceremony.

donate is likely to imply a publicized giving (as to charity).

bestow implies the conveying of something as a gift and may suggest condescension on the part of the giver.

confer implies a gracious giving (as of a favor or honor).

afford implies a giving or bestowing usually as a natural or legitimate consequence of the character of the giver.

Examples of present in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'present.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Middle English, from Anglo-French, from presenter

Middle English, from Anglo-French presenter , from Latin praesentare , from praesent-, praesens , adjective

Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin praesent-, praesens , from present participle of praeesse to be before one, from prae- pre- + esse to be — more at is

13th century, in the meaning defined above

14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 3b(1)

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3b

Phrases Containing present

  • present participle
  • present oneself
  • present arms
  • historical present
  • at the present time
  • all present and correct
  • all present and accounted for
  • present value
  • present tense
  • the present
  • re - present
  • the present perfect
  • the present day
  • there's no time like the present
  • present perfect
  • present company excepted
  • co - present
  • present company excluded
  • present writer
  • present - day
  • the present writer

Articles Related to present

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We Got You This Article on 'Gift' vs. 'Present'

And yes, 'gift' is a verb.

Dictionary Entries Near present

presentable

Cite this Entry

“Present.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/present. Accessed 25 Feb. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of present.

Kids Definition of present  (Entry 2 of 4)

Kids Definition of present  (Entry 3 of 4)

Kids Definition of present  (Entry 4 of 4)

Medical Definition

Medical definition of present, legal definition, legal definition of present.

 (Entry 1 of 2)

Legal Definition of present  (Entry 2 of 2)

More from Merriam-Webster on present

Nglish: Translation of present for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of present for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about present

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例句 present era

The arrogant belief that we are has led us to the present era of mass extinctions.
Sounds like the perfect qualification for a prize that defines our present era .
In the present era of football, at this point possibly the most scrutinised cultural phenomenon in human history, no one comes out of nowhere any more.
What could be more decadent than our present era , and where will it lead?
Minimum-wage rates were beneficial before the present era of free trade.

'era' 的定义 era

IPA Pronunciation Guide

'present' 的定义 present

相关词汇伙伴 present era, 按字母顺序浏览 present era.

  • present crop
  • present data
  • present employer
  • present era
  • present evidence
  • present format
  • present generation
  • 以 'P' 开头的所有 英语 词

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  1. PPT

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  3. Present Tense: Definition, Structures and Examples

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  4. Present Era synonyms

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  5. Present Tense: Definition, Rules and Examples of the 04 Present Tenses

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  6. Present Tense Verbs

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COMMENTS

  1. Era Definition & Meaning

    noun ˈer-ə ˈe-rə, ˈir-ə Synonyms of era 1 a : a fixed point in time from which a series of years is reckoned b : a memorable or important date or event especially : one that begins a new period in the history of a person or thing 2 : a system of chronological notation computed from a given date as basis 3 a

  2. PRESENT ERA definition and meaning

    Definition of 'present' present (prezənt ) adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] You use present to describe things and people that exist now, rather than those that existed in the past or those that may exist in the future. [...] See full entry for 'present' Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers

  3. Modern era

    The modern era or the modern period, also known as modern history or modern times, is the period of human history that succeeds the post-classical era (also known, particularly with reference to Europe, as the Middle Ages ), which ended around 1500 AD, up to the present.

  4. Historical Eras

    FAQs Activities What era do we live in? The current era is called both the Contemporary Era and the Information Age. It is characterized by developments in technology that have changed the...

  5. Era

    An era is a span of time defined for the purposes of chronology or historiography, as in the regnal eras in the history of a given monarchy, a calendar era used for a given calendar, or the geological eras defined for the history of Earth. [1] Comparable terms are epoch, age, period, saeculum, aeon (Greek aion) [2] and Sanskrit yuga. [3] Etymology

  6. ERA

    a period of time in which the history of the earth is measured, into which an eon can be divided and which itself can be divided into epochs: The Phanerozoic eon is divided into the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Compare eon epoch Fewer examples The present political system is a hangover from the colonial era.

  7. Contemporary history

    Contemporary history, in English-language historiography, is a subset of modern history that describes the historical period from approximately 1945 to the present. Contemporary history is either a subset of the late modern period, or it is one of the three major subsets of modern history, alongside the early modern period and the late modern period. In the social sciences, contemporary ...

  8. era noun

    a period of time, usually in history, that is different from other periods because of particular characteristics or events the Victorian/modern/post-war era When she left the firm, it was the end of an era (= things were different after that). a new era of peace This is the start of a new era of peace and prosperity.

  9. ERA definition and meaning

    7 meanings: 1. a period of time considered as being of a distinctive character; epoch 2. an extended period of time the years.... Click for more definitions.

  10. Modern era

    noun the present or recent times see more Cite this entry Style: MLA "Modern era." Vocabulary.com Dictionary, Vocabulary.com, https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/modern era. Accessed 13 Feb. 2024. Copy citation VocabTrainer™ 2 million people have mastered 395,639,171 new words. Master your first word today! Start Now

  11. ERA Definition & Usage Examples

    Era definition: . See examples of ERA used in a sentence.

  12. The modern era (1980-present)

    The modern era (1980-present): Unit test; About this unit. Since the election of Ronald Reagan in 1980, the Cold War has ended and a new, global era has emerged. What does that mean for the United States? 1980s America. Learn. Ronald Reagan: Election and domestic policies (Opens a modal)

  13. Fourteen words that define the present

    1. The internet/cyberspace is wonderful, because it gives people the freedom to augment or totally change their identities, and this is a marvellous new dawn for human expression, a new step in...

  14. Historical Eras: List of Major Time Periods in History

    Keep reading to learn the main civilizations, technological achievements, important historical figures, and significant events during these major time periods in history. Prehistory (to 600 B.C.) The Prehistoric era in human history reflects the period between the appearance of humans on the planet (roughly 2.5 million years ago) and 600 B.C.

  15. Stone Age

    Stone Age, prehistoric cultural stage, or level of human development, characterized by the creation and use of stone tools.The Stone Age, whose origin coincides with the discovery of the oldest known stone tools, which have been dated to some 3.3 million years ago, is usually divided into three separate periods—Paleolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, and Neolithic Period—based on the degree ...

  16. PRESENT ERA definition in American English

    (prezənt ) adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] You use present to describe things and people that exist now, rather than those that existed in the past or those that may exist in the future. [...] See full entry for 'present' Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers Related word partners present era bygone era

  17. PRESENT

    PRESENT definition: 1. something that you are given, without asking for it, on a special occasion, especially to show…. Learn more.

  18. The Eras of the Geologic Time Scale

    All species of life—including humans—evolved into their present-day forms over the course of this era, which hasn't ended and most likely won't until another mass extinction occurs. Here is a brief look at the four periods of the Geologic Time Scale that track the Earth's history: Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic.

  19. Geologic time scale

    The geologic time scale or geological time scale ( GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochronology (a scientific branch of geology that aims to determine the age of rocks).

  20. ERA

    a period of time in which the history of the earth is measured, into which an eon can be divided and which itself can be divided into epochs: The Phanerozoic eon is divided into the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Compare eon epoch Fewer examples The present political system is a hangover from the colonial era.

  21. Why Reparations For Slavery Are Long Overdue

    Federal reparations would help redress both the grievances of American history and the racial inequities that still define the present.

  22. Present Definition & Meaning

    present 1 of 4 noun (1) pres· ent ˈpre-zᵊnt Synonyms of present : something presented : gift present 2 of 4 verb pre· sent pri-ˈzent presented; presenting; presents transitive verb 1 : to make a gift to 2 : to give or bestow formally 3 a : to bring (something, such as a play) before the public b (1)

  23. List of time periods

    General periods. Geologic Time - Period prior to humans. 4.6 billion to 3 million years ago. (See "prehistoric periods" for more detail into this.) Primatomorphid Era - Period prior to the existence of Primatomorpha. Simian Era - Period prior to the existence of Simiiformes. Hominoid Era - Period prior to the existence of Hominoidea.

  24. PRESENT ERA 释义

    'present' 的定义 present (prezənt ) 形容词 [ADJECTIVE noun] You use present to describe things and people that exist now, rather than those that existed in the past or those that may exist in the future. [...] 在词典中探索'present' Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers 相关词汇伙伴 present era bygone era different era