MERRIMACK COLLEGE MCQUADE LIBRARY

How to cite sources.

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Scientific Style and Format

Cse format basics, references examples, scientific writing.

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The current 7th edition of the Council of Science Editors' (CSE) Scientific Style and Format book was published in 2006.  Prior to 2000, this citation style was known as CBE (Council of Biology Editors) .  Be sure to always use the most current edition, or the one preferred by your course instructor.

The CSE Scientific Style offers three main styles of formatting in-text citations:

  • Citation-sequence system
  • Citation-name system
  • Name-year system

See the manual for details of the advantages and disadvantages of each system, and how reference lists are formatted for each system.

  • CSE (CBE) Citation Guide From Ohio State University Libraries - Examples of citations and formatting.
  • Reference Links from the CSE Additional information and resources for researchers in the sciences. An online version of the text is NOT available from this website.
  • Documenting Sources - CSE Style Diana Hacker provides an explanation of MLA style with instructions and examples on how to create in-text citations and reference lists, in addition to providing sample papers.

CSE(Council of Science Editors) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources in the sciences, including Biology

In addition to the examples to the left, see these sections of the Scientific Style and Format guide for how to cite other sources in CSE style:

  • Maps (Section 29.3.7.9, pg. 545-7)
  • Audiovisuals (Section 29.3.7.11, pg. 548-52)
  • Personal Communications (Section 29.3.7.15.3, pg. 568)
  • Legal Materials (Section 29.3.7.10, pg. 547)

For a more detailed explanation of how to use CSE style, see the Scientific Style and Format text.

Based on CSE Scientific Style and Format, 7th Edition, 2006

*Use one of the following headings:

"References" "Cited References" "Literature Cited" "Bibliography"

Citation-sequence and citation-name styles

Name-year style.

cse cite page

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COMMENTS

  1. CSE

    CSE (Council of Science Editors) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources in the sciences, including Biology. In addition to the examples to the left, see these sections of the Scientific Style and Format guide for how to cite other sources in CSE style: Maps (Section 29.3.7.9, pg. 545-7)