open source bibliography software

Zotero is a free, open-source research tool that helps you collect, organize, and analyze research and share it in a variety of ways. Zotero includes the best parts of older reference manager software — the ability to store author, title, and publication fields and to export that information as formatted references — and the best aspects of modern software and web applications, such as the ability to organize, tag, and search in advanced ways. Zotero interacts seamlessly with online resources: when it senses you are viewing a book, article, or other object on the web, it can automatically extract and save complete bibliographic references. Zotero effortlessly transmits information to and from other web services and applications, and it runs both as a web service and offline on your personal devices.

To learn more about what Zotero can do, visit our Support pages.

To learn more about the people that have made Zotero possible, see Credits and Acknowledgements .

Zotero is a project of the Corporation for Digital Scholarship , a nonprofit organization dedicated to the development of software and services for researchers and cultural heritage institutions. It was created at the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University with initial funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation , the United States Institute of Museum and Library Services , and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation .

  • Reference Management

In this Guide

  • Reference Management Software & Covidence

Getting Started

Zotero is an open-source citation management tool that is designed to store and manage bibliographic references. 

  • Download Zotero Download the desktop program and browser extension.
  • Register for a Zotero Account Create an account to sync and access your library from the web-based software. Registering also lets you join groups and back up all your attached files.
  • Customize Your Preferences Learn more about how to customize your program using the preferences menu. Open the preferences by clicking “Edit → Preferences” (Windows/Linx) or “Zotero → Preferences” (Mac). We recommend adding your Zotero account information to sync pane in the preferences menu. This allows you to use Zotero groups, back-up your library, and use the web-based software and desktop program interchangably.

Tutorials and Help

  • Zotero Quick Start Guide This guide gives an overview of Zotero's features and capabilities including the basics for how to collect, organize, cite, and share your research sources.
  • Zotero Documentation Search or browse this online documentation for help using Zotero.
  • Zotero Screencasts Video tutorials created by libraries and the Zotero user community
  • Zotero Forums See discussions about troubleshooting and new features in the Zotero User Community. You can submit a new discussion if you need help resolving a bug with your software.
  • Stanford Libraries Zotero Guide A collection of links and information about Zotero maintained by Stanford Libraries

Adding References to Your Library

There are multiple ways to add citation information to your Zotero library. Here are four common ways:

  • Use the browser extension to add citations from any website, including PubMed
  • In databases like PubMed, export your results and import them into Zotero
  • In Zotero, use the wand tool to look up references by unique identifiers such as Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) or PubMed IDs (PMID)
  • If you have saved PDFs, you can drag and drop them into Zotero to automatically search for citation information
  • Adding Items to Zotero This page describes the various ways to add items (e.g., books, journal articles, web pages, etc.) as items in Zotero.

Creating Citations

You can use Zotero to create bibliographies in multiple ways:

  • Word Processor Integration: Use plugins for Microsoft Office, LibreOffice, or Google Docs to insert in-text citations and bibliographies in your manuscripts
  • Quick Copy: Select items in your Zotero library and drag them into any text field. This will create a bibliography in your default export format. Set your default format in your Preferences menu under Export.
  • Right-Click to Create Citation/Bibliography: Right-Click on one or more references and select Create Bibliography from Selected Item(s) .
  • Creating Bibliographies Instructions for using Zotero to create bibliographies

Finding Full Text PDFs

You can use Zotero to store PDFs and find full-text from our library subscriptions. 

Instructions to Connect Zotero to Lane Library

  • Go to your Preferences in Zotero. For Windows: Edit/Preferences, For Mac: Zotero/Preferences
  • Navigate to  Advanced   in the Preferences menu
  • Insert this link in the  Open URL/Resolver  box:  http://sfx.stanford.edu/local?sfx.directlink=off&

open source bibliography software

Finding Full Text After Initial Set-Up

  • Highlight a reference and click on the small green Locate arrow in the upper right corner
  • From the pull-down menu, choose Library Lookup to locate and download the article
  • You can then drag and drop the PDF file onto the reference in Zotero

open source bibliography software

After you attach a PDF to a reference in Zotero, you will see a blue dot in the PaperClip column. Click on the blue dot to open the PDF.

open source bibliography software

  • ZotFile Use this Zotero plugin to manage your attachments: automatically rename, move, and attach PDFs (or other files) to Zotero items, sync PDFs from your Zotero library to your (mobile) PDF reader (e.g. an iPad, Android tablet, etc.) and extract annotations from PDF files.

Collaborative Work

You can use Zotero Groups to:

  • Collaborate with colleagues on ongoing research and manuscripts
  • Share your collections of resources with others working in related areas
  • Explore public collections of resources 

To create groups, login to the web version of Zotero, and select Groups  in the top navigation menu. You can set groups to be either public or private depending on your needs. Please note that you can not share PDFs in public groups.

  • Zotero Groups Learn more about creating groups and search public groups.
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  • Last Updated: Nov 1, 2023 2:50 PM
  • URL: https://laneguides.stanford.edu/reference-management

The Sheridan Libraries

Citing sources.

  • Chicago Style
  • More Styles
  • Other Statements about GenAI
  • Citing Audiovisual Materials
  • Citing Data
  • Citing E-books
  • Citing Images
  • Citing Other Things
  • Avoiding Plagiarism

Getting Help

Visit Zotero's Support Center . 

Using Zotero

  • Getting Started
  • Organization
  • Adding References
  • Finding Full Text

Setting Up Zotero

Zotero is a free "open source" citation manager. There are three steps to setting it up. Their downloads page gives you access to the first two.

  • Installing desktop software (automatically downloads into Word as well)
  • Installing browser connection
  • Creating an online account at Zotero

Desktop Software

  • If you are using a PC, set up Zotero desktop by downloading and then running the program
  • If you are using a Mac, download the .dmg file and drag it to Applications , then run Zotero from Spotlight, Launchpad, or the Applications folder

Browser Connection

  • For both Mac and PC users, you will also need to install a connector to bridge the connection between your browser and installed desktop software

Online Account

Go to Zotero and register for an account online

Help and Documentation

  • See the Zotero Documentation and Forums pages for more information and technical support.
  • This 6-minute YouTube video is a concise "first look" at how Zotero works.
  • A Heavy Duty step by step video from Grad Coach. Use the nav buttons in the description to jump to different parts. 
  • You may also find Zotero guides from Oregon State and/or Georgia State helpful.

Understanding the Homescreen

Note that the folder organization appears on the left, while the folder contents appear in the middle. The metadata for the selected item will appear on the right.

open source bibliography software

Creating Collections

Zotero will allow you to create collections and sub-collections from the folder organization pane. A single item is allowed to be in multiple collections at once. Click the folder icon in the task bar to create and name a new collection.

Adding Tags to References

Add tags to your citations with a keyword of your choosing to make them more easily findable. Creating tags allows you to search your library with the keyword.

To add a tag to an item, select the Tags tab in the metadata pane. You must have an item selected in the folder contents pane. Click Add to add a tag.

To search tags, use the search box in the task bar.

Removing Duplicates

Zotero cannot detect duplicates within a selected folder. Instead, it will identify duplicates within your entire library. If you have multiple projects, the duplicates will reflect them all.

We recommend creating a separate Zotero library for a dedicated project which will need accurate duplication numbers. Contact your informationist for further information, or transfer your citations to another citation manager to perform duplication.

Sharing Citations with Others

You can create Groups in Zotero in order to collaborate with others. It is important to note that the amount of storage available for a group account is dependent on the group owner's individual storage limit in their Zotero library. There is no limit to the number of users in a group.

open source bibliography software

  • Once you log in, choose a name for your group.
  • For group type, choose Private Membership in order to both share PDFs and maintain privacy.
  • You will then be asked to customize permissions for the group type.
  • Under Member Settings, you can invite members and update roles.

Once you have synced your Zotero desktop to your online account, you will see your group(s) folders under Groups on the Zotero desktop window.

Manually Adding References

You can manually add an item by clicking on the green plus icon in the task bar of your Zotero desktop software. Select the appropriate item type and then fill out the fields.

You can also add PDFs to your Zotero account. Zotero will look for their metadata from the internet.

  • Drag and drop the PDF into the middle of your Zotero homescreen or click Store Copy of File under the green plus icon
  • Once added to Zotero, you will see its icon as a PDF symbol
  • Right click on the item and select Retrieve Metadata for PDF

Importing from the Web

Use the browser connector that you installed from Zotero to capture an item from the web and add it to your library

Importing from Databases

Zotero can import a variety of formats. The most commonly used are RIS, PubMed XML, and EndNote XML. Imports will automatically create a new folder which you can rename. Zotero can also import a library from another citation manager when a correct format is chosen. It is recommended to use the RIS file format for this purpose.

To import, from the Zotero desktop software, go to File and Import . Select the file you'd like to import and follow the prompts.

Creating a Bibliography

Create a bibliography by exporting a bibliography from a selected item or folder.

Right click on the selected item and choose Create Bibliography from Items... . Then choose

your desired citation style and output.

Using Zotero in a Word Document

Downloading the Zotero desktop software will automatically install Zotero into your word processing program. Select the Zotero tab from your word processing program to display your options.

Accessing Full Text from Hopkins

  • From top navigation menu, go to: Edit --> Preferences --> Advanced
  • Open URL Section
  • Select either "Custom" or "Johns Hopkins" from the drop-down list.
  • Add the link below in the Resolver field.

Resolver: https://catalyst.library.jhu.edu/discovery/openurl?institution=01JHU_INST&vid=01JHU_INST:JHU

Zotero Preferences

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  • Last Updated: Feb 21, 2024 2:35 PM
  • URL: https://guides.library.jhu.edu/citing

Welcome to MyBib

Generate formatted bibliographies, citations, and works cited automatically

What is mybib.

MyBib is a free bibliography and citation generator that makes accurate citations for you to copy straight into your academic assignments and papers.

If you're a student, academic, or teacher, and you're tired of the other bibliography and citation tools out there, then you're going to love MyBib. MyBib creates accurate citations automatically for books, journals, websites, and videos just by searching for a title or identifier (such as a URL or ISBN).

Plus, we're using the same citation formatting engine as professional-grade reference managers such as Zotero and Mendeley, so you can be sure our bibliographies are perfectly accurate in over 9,000 styles -- including APA 6 & 7, Chicago, Harvard, and MLA 7 & 8.

Quick features:

MEDevel.com

10 Free and Open-source Citation and Reference managers for Windows, Linux, and macOS

Hazem

What are citation/ bibliography/ and reference managers?

Bibliography management tools (also known as citation or reference management tools) help researchers and scholars organize their research sources and generate bibliographies in multiple citation formats and styles.

It tracks the articles, books, and research and allows the user to tag, annotate them then create citations and bibliographies with ease. The manual process takes time as well as effort to do the same.

About this list

There are many citations and reference managers available, and most of them are commercial software. So here we are providing a list of the most used and powerful open-source free reference managers.

LaTeX/ Tex and BibTeX

If you use LaTeX/ TeX you can quickly generate BibTeX. We have covered several LaTex/ TeX editors mainly for macOS but most listed software work for Windows and Linux as well. You can read about it here .

open source bibliography software

JabRef is a cross-platform free reference manager. It's a simple yet powerful tool that comes with a rich feature list. JabRef can be a powerful free alternative to many commercial citation/ bibliography managers.

JabRef supports many formats, and offers powerful search tools, and many export formats. It comes with many languages and online search tool that searches in many external databases like arXiv, CiteseerX, Google Scholar, Medline, GVK, IEEEXplore, and Springer.

This software works smoothly on Windows, Linux, and macOS. It's also easy to install and to use for all users.

We have written a snap review about JabRef , as we listed all of its features. you can read about it here .

2- Mendeley

Mendeley

Mendeley is a free academic social network that offers reference/ citation manager and extensions. Mendeley network allows researchers to collaborate online and use online, desktop or browser extensions to increase their productivity.

Mendeley offers desktop reference managers for macOS [macOS 10.10 (Yosemite), 10.11 (El Capitan), 10.12 (Sierra), 10.13 (High Sierra)], Linux and Windows. It also provides mobile apps for its users on iOS and Android.

Though Mendeley is not open source, it's free we have listed it here because of its great value for researchers.

Zotero

Zotero is a free open-source cross-platform reference management package. It features a powerful desktop client for Windows, Linux, and macOS, a reference citation tool, a reference organization manager, multiple style support, Microsoft Office/ LibreOffice support, and a powerful synchronization option that help sync citations across many devices.

Zotero supports collaborative bibliography writing and it eases sharing the libraries between researchers and groups.

open source bibliography software

Docer is an open-source cross-platform citation, & bibliography manager. It follows a different approach than other reference managers listed here; "Single section user interface" which shows all categories, documents, tags, and annotations. Many researchers are many not like this approach as it requires time to learn.

With Docear's style, the user can focus on annotations rather than document. Docear features a built-in visual mind-mapping tool, an academic search engine, file management, a recommender system with more than 2 million academic PDF, and an add-on for MS. Office.

Docear supports multiple projects, collaboration, and open data formats like PDF, XML, and BibTeX. It also comes with sync options, optional online backup, and PDF Metadata extraction and retrieval tool.

WIKINDX

WIKINDX is an open-source web-based reference/ citation manager. It has been under active development since 2003. It helps researchers to set up a collaborative multi-user virtual research environment.

WIKINDX features an import/ export tool that supports multiple formats and other reference software. It has WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) editor/ word processor, Full-text search for PDF and Doc files, and it can be integrated as well with many open-source CMS "Content Management Systems" and LMS "Learning Management Systems".

This software supports many languages including English, Spanish, French, Italian, Russian, and German.

6- Bibfilex

Bibfilex

Bibfilex is a free open-source reference manager for Linux, Windows, and macOS. It supports BibTeX format. It's a simple and effective tool for research, even though it's not feature-rich.

Bibfilex features import/ export, attachment support, advanced filtering options (single field, keywords, multiple fields, BibTeX keys), auto-completion, and export to BibTex file.

KBibTeX

KBibTeX is an open-source citation and bibliography editor from the KDE Desktop (Linux). It works alongside Kile; the open-source free LaTeX/ TeX editor.

The primary format for KBibTeX is BibTeX but it supports also other formats. With KBibTeX the user can search online libraries with online search tools, It searches in Google Scholar, Springer Link, or arXiv. It supports local and remote file management.

8- Pybliographer (Linux/ macOS)

Pybliographer

Pybliographer is a lightweight reference manager for Linux and macOS. It features a simple GTK-based interface, citation insertion to LyX, Kile, OpenOffice, and LibreOffice, and it supports searching in many online databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Citeseer, and more.

9- BibDesk (macOS)

BibDesk

This is a lightweight open-source bibliography editor package for macOS. It's easy-to-install, use for novice users. It features an integrated web browser and online search tool, publication editor, and supports automated apple scripts.

We have reviewed BibDesk , so you can read about all of its features here .

10- SciSpace

open source bibliography software

SciSpace APA format generator is a free-to-use citation generator tool designed to make reference creation simple, speedy, and convenient. It has a huge database of sources that can help users to create references accurately and efficiently.

In addition to this, users can search for suitable images via the platform and then add them to their document. Citations can be customized according to the needs of the user, as the platform provides access to a range of formatting options.

Additionally, users can benefit from the easy-to-use interface, and citations can be generated by following the simple steps outlined on the site.

The open-source packages we listed here are valid alternatives to many commercial tools. We hope it'll help scholars who are looking for stable, powerful options. If you know another open-source reference manager that you think we should list here, please write to us and we will update this list.

21 Social Media OSINT Tools and Scripts

21 Social Media OSINT Tools and Scripts

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) for social media involves collecting and analyzing public data from platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. It's valuable in cybercrime investigation, market research, brand management, personal safety, online reputation, journalism, disaster management, and security and defense. 1- SpyScrap SpyScrap is an OSINT tool designed

15 Self-hosted Solutions to Build Your Own Social Network Solutions for 2024

15 Self-hosted Solutions to Build Your Own Social Network Solutions for 2024

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on the top 15 self-hosted social network solutions for the year 2024. As privacy and data control continue to be paramount in the digital age, self-hosted solutions offer an excellent alternative to mainstream platforms. The apps here discussed prioritize user privacy, data control, and community

19 Open-source Free Podcast Players and Clients for Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and The Web

19 Open-source Free Podcast Players and Clients for Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and The Web

Podcast clients allow users to download, stream, and manage podcast episodes. While commercial clients like Spotify and Apple Podcasts offer polished interfaces and extra features, they may require a subscription fee and offer limited customization. Open-source podcast clients, on the other hand, are free and often provide more customization options,

Stand Out in Gaming| Explore Name Generators for PUBG, BGMI, Free Fire & Beyond

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Top 10: Open-source Reference Management software

open source bibliography software

Top 10 Article Management software

Open Source Initiative

Search Our Site

Open source bibliography, page created on september 19, 2006 | last modified on september 19, 2006.

There are many resources (good and bad) on the web offering information, advice, and interpretation concerning Open Source. The following are references that we, the OSI Board, have found useful, either for informing ourselves or for helping others begin their education about open source. And as you explore these links, be mindful of these words attributed to the Buddha,

“Believe nothing, no matter where you read it, or who said it, no matter if I have said it, unless it agrees with your own reason and your own common sense…”

Rich References

  • Open Source on Wikipedia . Note that Wikipedia itself is implemented using MediaWiki software, which is covered by the GNU GPL , a popular license that is both a free software license and also approved by the OSI as an Open Source license.
  • David Wheeler’s Why OSS? Just look at the numbers!
  • David Wheeler’s References
  • The Cathedral and the Bazaar ( online and book ), Eric S. Raymond, 1997
  • Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution , Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman, and Mark Stone, 1999
  • Open Sources 2.0: The Continuing Evolution , Chris DiBona, Mark Stone, and Danese Cooper, 2005
  • The Success of Open Source , Steven Weber, 2004
  • Producing Open Source Software , Karl Fogel, 2005
  • Open Source Licensing , Larry Rosen, 2004
  • Collaborative Ownership and the Digital Economy , Rishab Aiyer Ghosh, 2005

Open Source Software

  • The Free Software Directory Lists over 5,000 packages. (Yes, Free Software is also Open Source Software)
  • sourceforge.net Lists over 120,000 projects in varying stages of development. Mainly for developers. The public sourceforge.net site only hosts projects covered by an OSI-approved license .
  • freshmeat.net Lists over 60,000 new releases of Open Source packages. Mainly for people who want to download the latest releases from developers. freshmeat.net strongly prefers software covered by an OSI-approved license (but will host non-open source software in exchange for a fee).
  • OSDir OSDir’s list of stable open source software.
  • 50 proprietary software packages and their open source alternatives . This list is one author’s opinion.

Open Source Conferences and User Groups

  • OSCON . Note that O’Reilly Media put on many other conferences, most of which have strong open source components and/or constitutents.
  • FOSS4G . Free and Open Source Geospatial Information Systems conference.
  • Blender Conference . There are other regional versions of this conference that can be found at the blender.org website.
  • The Ottawa Linux Symposium . A premier event for hackers to discuss implementation experiences and chart the future of Linux.
  • The Wizards of OS conference in Berlin.
  • The FISL conference in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
  • The FOSSSL conference (and other events) in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
  • There are hundreds of conferences per year all over the world that advertise “Open Source” as a topic. Alas, these have varying degrees of quality and felicity and the OSI does not vouch for (nor recommend against) the ones not listed in this section. Check to see whether an OSI-affiliated speaker is listed as presenting if you wish to hear the OSI’s thoughts or positions.
  • User groups tend to focus on software or groups of software used in a particular context: Linux users in Northern Virginia ( NOVALUG ), GIS developers and users who formed the Indian Chapter of OSGeo , or the dozens of topic-specific users of the R package and its extensions. There are many thousands of user groups, and the best way to find the one that’s right for you is to search the web, find the mailing lists, and make contact.
  • The Economic impact of FLOSS on innovation and competitiveness of the EU ICT sector study, published 20 November 2006 by UNU-Merit.
  • Use of Game Theory to explain why free riders do not destroy open source software projects .
  • Open Source Software Projects as Virtual Organizations: Competency Rallying for Software Development , published 2002 in the IEE Proceedings Software , Volume 149(1) , pages 3-17, which uses the framework of Katzy’s Design and Implementation of Virtual Organizations .

Many more papers about open source can be found at MIT’s Free/Open Research Community .

Packaged Open Source Software

Hundreds, if not thousands, of companies now sell commercially packaged and supported open source software. While many open source software packages do run on proprietary systems ( Apache is quite popular on all operating systems platforms), Linux distributions provide a complete (and in some cases, exclusively) open source environment suitable for hand-held, desktop, server, and high-end enterprise/cluster/mainframe use.

The OSI website is built with and runs exclusively open source software, including Apache (web server), Drupal (content management and blogs), the PHP scripting language, the MySQL database, to name a few of the more well-known packages.

Open Source News

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National Security

Leaked document trove shows a chinese hacking scheme focused on harassing dissidents.

Jenna McLaughlin headshot

Jenna McLaughlin

Fingers are shown typing on a laptop with a red screen

A large trove of more than 500 sensitive technical documents posted online anonymously last week details one Chinese technology company's hacking operations, target lists and marketing materials for the Chinese government.

The majority of the operations appear to be focused on surveilling and harassing dissidents who publicly criticize the Chinese government, including on global social media platforms like X, formerly known as Twitter.

Target lists reveal victims from at least 14 governments from Pakistan to Australia, as well as academic institutions, pro-democracy organizations in places like Hong Kong, as well as the military alliance NATO. The company was also bidding for work to surveil the minority Uyghur population in Xinxiang, a broader Chinese government program that major global human rights' organizations around the world have heavily criticized. There are even pictures of custom devices used for spying, such as a recording device disguised as a power bank.

Cybersecurity researchers are still investigating different components of the leak, which was shared to the open source development website popular with programmers, called GitHub. However, experts from top U.S. cybersecurity companies including Google's Mandiant and Sentinel Labs have shared preliminary analysis of the contents of the leak, believing the documents to be authentic.

"We have every reason to believe this is the authentic data of a contractor supporting global and domestic cyber espionage operations out of China," said John Hultquist, the chief analyst for Mandiant Intelligence, a part of Google Cloud. "This leak is narrow, but it is deep. We rarely get such unfettered access to the inner workings of any intelligence operation. We are working hard to learn as much as we can and put it to good use."

Global law enforcement effort cracks down on LockBit ransomware group

Global law enforcement effort cracks down on LockBit ransomware group

The state-affiliated company, called i-Soon, is known to be one of many contractors and subcontractors who compete for opportunities to perform hacking and surveillance operations for different Chinese government agencies. The company is currently facing litigation from another Chinese contractor called Chengdu 404, a company that the U.S. government has publicly linked in court documents to hacking operations for the state. It appears i-Soon may have done subcontracting work with Chengdu 404.

In previous public materials, i-Soon has noted relationships with China's Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of State Security, and People's Liberation Army, among others. The company is publicly known for providing cybersecurity trainings around the country from its base in Shanghai.

But beyond what's publicly known, the details in the leak give internal insights into how an increasingly competitive marketplace for hacking operations within China functions. It's unclear if all the claims made in marketing materials included in the leak are true, such as the ability to break into devices manufactured by top U.S. companies like Apple and Microsoft. However, it's clear that the company is heavily invested in automating the ability to constantly monitor platforms like X and Facebook. Those platforms, unlike the popular WeChat, are not controlled by the Chinese government, making them popular with dissidents.

There are also details in the leak concerning internal pay scales and other bureaucratic details of contracts with the Chinese government. There is a note, or "ReadMe" document, included on the GitHub page where the leak is hosted, where the purported source of the leak claims to be dissatisfied with the company's policies. That could indicate the source being a disgruntled employee, though it's also possible the leak is the result of an intelligence operation or the work of a competitor.

While the contents of the leak are not entirely surprising, they're especially helpful to specialists and researchers, who continue to review the contents. In particular, individual documents can help researchers fact-check their assumptions about who was responsible for previously discovered breaches.

Help | Advanced Search

Computer Science > Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Title: yolov9: learning what you want to learn using programmable gradient information.

Abstract: Today's deep learning methods focus on how to design the most appropriate objective functions so that the prediction results of the model can be closest to the ground truth. Meanwhile, an appropriate architecture that can facilitate acquisition of enough information for prediction has to be designed. Existing methods ignore a fact that when input data undergoes layer-by-layer feature extraction and spatial transformation, large amount of information will be lost. This paper will delve into the important issues of data loss when data is transmitted through deep networks, namely information bottleneck and reversible functions. We proposed the concept of programmable gradient information (PGI) to cope with the various changes required by deep networks to achieve multiple objectives. PGI can provide complete input information for the target task to calculate objective function, so that reliable gradient information can be obtained to update network weights. In addition, a new lightweight network architecture -- Generalized Efficient Layer Aggregation Network (GELAN), based on gradient path planning is designed. GELAN's architecture confirms that PGI has gained superior results on lightweight models. We verified the proposed GELAN and PGI on MS COCO dataset based object detection. The results show that GELAN only uses conventional convolution operators to achieve better parameter utilization than the state-of-the-art methods developed based on depth-wise convolution. PGI can be used for variety of models from lightweight to large. It can be used to obtain complete information, so that train-from-scratch models can achieve better results than state-of-the-art models pre-trained using large datasets, the comparison results are shown in Figure 1. The source codes are at: this https URL .

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arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs .

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5 Best Open-Source CRM for 2024

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  • Best overall open-source CRM: SuiteCRM
  • Best for integrating native and third-party apps: Odoo
  • Best open-source CRM supporting e-commerce: OroCRM
  • Best open-source with CMS tools: HubSpot CRM
  • Best open-source CRM for international clients: YetiForce

Open-source CRM software is any CRM with the niche functionality of allowing its source code to be publicly available for any user to make changes or customizations to it. Organizations that choose an open source software over closed source are typically capable of advanced tech coding and are after the benefits of being able to customize their platform and solution at an affordable price.

Top open-source CRM software comparison

Open-source CRMs are downloadable software that users then sort and code on their own to fit their specific needs. These options we compare below also offer hosted CRMs that are subscription based, ready-to-go and come with the features and tools prebuilt on the platform. The best open source CRM offer modern API for coding, vast scalability and both preset and customizable modules to manage pipelines and data.

Cost to download open source platform*

SEE: For more information, check out our full CRM feature comparison .

SuiteCRM: Best overall open-source CRM

SuiteCRM logo.

SuiteCRM is a great all-in-one open-source CRM that prioritizes giving users a 360-degree view of their customers and business as a whole. SuiteCRM supports a range of features that can be customized with sales, case management, workflow and configuration tools. SuiteCRM’s open-source capabilities ensure users with the technical expertise and community support can adapt their features to build out entire sales processes end-to-end.

  • Open source community tier: Free to download.
  • SuiteAssured: Hosting platform, contact for quote.
  • Configuration studio: Add new fields, customize layouts and create new modules with their system admin tools.
  • Activity management: Automate and track touchpoints with clients with their calls, meetings, tasks and notes modules.
  • Report module: Build, auto-generate and schedule reports based on real time data from any module within the CRM ( Figure A ).

Screenshot of SuiteCRM's report scheduling feature.

SuiteCRM Pros & Cons

Odoo: best for integrating native and third-party apps.

Odoo logo.

Image: Odoo

Odoo’s open-source development offers a broad range of applications to be integrated into one tool. This can be cost-effective, especially since organizations don’t need to purchase multiple platforms that are unconnected. Odoo’s free version only allows one app for unlimited users, which might be limiting depending on what you’re needing a CRM to handle. Instead, the standard and custom tiers allow access to thousands of applications for finance, sales, marketing, HR, inventory and productivity tracking.

  • Community open source: Free to download.
  • Enterprise hosting: Contact for quote.
  • One app tier: One app download for unlimited users.
  • Standard tier: $24.90 per user per month for unlimited apps through Odoo online.
  • Custom tier: $37.40 per user per month for unlimited apps through Odoo online, on-premise.
  • Lead mining: Generate new leads who match an ideal customer profile and have them merged into an Odoo database.
  • Assignation rules: Define unique rules and triggers to assign and route leads to specific sales teams or individual reps.
  • 360 degree visibility: Uncover what pages leads visited on a website, what emails or meetings they engaged in and more ( Figure B ).

Sample productivity view with Odoo.

Odoo Pros & Cons

Orocrm: best open-source crm supporting e-commerce.

Oro logo.

OroCRM’s open source offering makes Oro products more accessible and innovative, especially for B2B eCommerce organizations. This solution helps organizations move online for the first time to support physical locations with a digital channel while maintaining operations by tracking all sales activities. Industries like automotives, industrial parts and medical supplies can all use this open source platform to sync digital, marketing, sales and IT teams in one hub.

  • Open source: Free to download.
  • OroCloud hosting: Contact for quote.
  • Recency, frequency and monetary analysis: Identify top customers based on how recently, how often and how much they spend on purchases.
  • Account management: View and manage all accounts, interactions and information from one dashboard.
  • Performance dashboards: Track team and individual performance in segmented campaigns or opportunity close rates with workflows ( Figure C ).

Screenshot of sample performance Oro dashboard.

OroCRM Pros & Cons

Hubspot crm: best open-source with cms tools.

HubSpot logo.

HubSpot’s free tools are robust, making it a great general CRM. Though the CRM platform itself isn’t open source, it’s integrations are developer-friendly. Users can build an application on their app marketplace, create a custom integration with access tokens and then code directly on that app. There’s also the ability to design a website with your own developers and frameworks in the HubSpot CMS feature.

  • Free CRM: Free for up to 2,500 users.
  • Starter: $20 per 2 users per month, billed annually, or $30 when billed monthly.
  • Professional: $1,600 per 5 users per month, billed annually, or $1781 when billed monthly.
  • Enterprise: $5,000 per 10 users per month, with an annual commitment.
  • Lead prospecting: Manage incoming leads and sales opportunities from one personalized prospecting workspace.
  • HubSpot AI: Use AI-powered tools to create sales and marketing material.
  • Email templates: Create templates from effective sales emails to share with a team ( Figure D ).

Screenshot of sample HubSpot email template.

HubSpot Pros & Cons

SEE: For a similar CRM to HubSpot, check out the best enterprise CRM software .

YetiForce: Best open-source CRM for international clients

YetiForce logo.

YetiForce offers an easy 5-step process for downloading and registering their open source CRM. This includes access to documentation on how to properly configure the functionalities available on the system as well as granting access and language settings. YetiForce comes with 80 ready-to-use modules that can be freely configured in their modern API. Their sales, marketing, support and logistics tools support users from across the globe and 35+ languages.

  • Open source: Free download with paid add-ons.
  • Online store: Store all data and analytics at once in a central system that’s controlled through configurations.
  • International entry: Access account or client data online from anywhere in the world.
  • Customer portal: Exchange data and information directly from a fully integrated portal ( Figure E ).

Sample sales dashboard on the YetiForce CRM.

YetiForce Pros & Cons

How do i choose the best open-source crm software for my business.

Now knowing some of the top open-source CRM in the market to date, their core features, pricing and more, it’s time to start looking into which software would best fit your organization. All of the CRMs on this list offer a free trial and have sales teams to help guide you through their purchasing and onboarding process.

Below are some questions to consider when selecting an open source CRM:

  • What in-market industry specialization does the software have?
  • Do their services match your allocated budget for an open source CRM?
  • Does your organization have the technical expertise for their open source software?

SEE: For more information on CRM benefits and how to implement the platform, check out our piece on how a CRM can help your small business grow .

Review methodology

We reviewed and scored each open source software against an inhouse rubric with outlined criteria and subcategories of standard CRM features and offerings. Using that rubric and algorithm to determine an overall star rating, we determined each CRM software’s ideal use case.

Here is a breakdown of the scoring criteria we followed:

  • Cost: Weighted 25% of the total score.
  • Core features: Weighted 25% of the total score.
  • Customizations: Weighted 15% of the total score.
  • Integrations: Weighted 15% of the total score.
  • Ease of use: Weighted 10% of the total score.
  • Customer support: Weighted 10% of the total score.
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Group Libraries

Search for public group libraries.

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Group libraries allow different Zotero users to access a shared library. You can use this to collaboratively build a library with others or to share a curated library on a particular topic with a wider audience. 

Create a Group Library 

location of new group button in Zotero interface

  • Select "New Group..." 
  • You will automatically be taken to the Zotero website. If you're not already logged in, log into your Zotero account.  
  • If you're not already logged in, log into your Zotero account. 
  • From the menu across the top of the page, select "Groups." 
  • Click on "Create a New Group." 
  • Choose a unique name for your group. The group URL, below the input field, is automatically created and will turn red if your proposed name is already taken. 
  • Private Groups : Only you and those you choose to invite to your group will be able to view the group's research. This is probably your best option if you're working on a group project for a class or a degree but don't plan to disseminate your materials widely. 
  • Public, Closed Membership : You can allow anyone to view your group library, but only those you invite can contribute. This is probably your best option if you're working on a group project but would also like to make at least your bibliography available to the broader scholarly community. 
  • Public, Open Membership : You can allow anyone to view and contribute to your group library. This is probably your best option if you're working on a crowdsourced project. (Note that shared file storage is not available to public, open groups.) 
  • If you don't see a newly created group library immediately, try manually syncing your Zotero application and your online Zotero account by clicking on the green curving sync arrow  in the top right corner. 
  • Items can be copied and moved between private and group libraries. 
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Invite Members

Click Members Settings and then Send More Invitations. You can invite collaborators to your group either by their Zotero user name or by the e-mail address associated with their account. 

Help those who don't already use Zotero by including a link to this guide ( http://guides.library.harvard.edu/zotero ) in the optional personal message.

Your collaborators will receive an e-mail inviting them to your group.

Storage Limits

An important consideration: Any PDFs stored within a Group Library will count against the storage limit of the owner of that Group Library. While you have unlimited storage if your Zotero account is linked to your Harvard e-mail, you should bear in mind that this unlimited storage will default to Zotero's free 300MB storage plan once you leave Harvard. 

You can discover public group libraries on various topics by using Zotero's group library search . 

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    Zotero instantly creates references and bibliographies for any text editor, and directly inside Word, LibreOffice, and Google Docs. With support for over 10,000 citation styles, you can format your work to match any style guide or publication. Stay in sync.

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    Some reference management software include support for automatic embedding and (re)formatting of references in Word processor programs. This table lists this type of support for Microsoft Word, Pages, Apache OpenOffice / LibreOffice Writer, the LaTeX editors Kile and LyX, and Google Docs. Other programs are able to scan RTF or other textual ...

  3. Add Sources to Zotero

    Harvard Library Research Guides Zotero Add Sources to Zotero This page describes how to get citations and pdfs from the web or your desktop into Zotero. When retrieving sources from the web, you'll use the Zotero browser connector. It will appear somewhere in your address bar depending on your browser.

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    Zotero is a free and open-source citation management software that allows you to manage your research materials, create bibliographies, format citations, take notes, and collaborate with others. ... In the Cite tab, open the Word Processors tab & check the box next to "Use Classic Add Citation dialog."

  5. Research Guides: Zotero: Create Citations & Bibliographies

    Zotero Choose a Word Processor Using Zotero with a word processor allows you to make use of Zotero's ability to automatically track and format citations/footnotes/endnotes within your written document according to a chosen citation style. Zotero works with Microsoft Word, LibreOffice, and Google Docs.

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    ZoteroBib: Fast, free bibliography generator - MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard citations ZoteroBib is a free service that helps you quickly create a bibliography in any citation style. ZoteroBib Cite Manual Entry Y our bibliography is empty. T o add a source, paste or type its URL, ISBN, DOI, PMID, arXiv ID, or title into the search box above

  7. Zotero

    Zotero is a free, open-source research tool that helps you collect, organize, and analyze research and share it in a variety of ways. Zotero includes the best parts of older reference manager software — the ability to store author, title, and publication fields and to export that information as formatted references — and the best aspects of ...

  8. Research Guides: Reference Management: Zotero

    Zotero is an open-source citation management tool that is designed to store and manage bibliographic references. Download Zotero ... and use the web-based software and desktop program interchangably. Tutorials and Help. Zotero Quick Start Guide. This guide gives an overview of Zotero's features and capabilities including the basics for how to ...

  9. Zotero

    Zotero is a free "open source" citation manager. There are three steps to setting it up. Their downloads page gives you access to the first two. Installing desktop software (automatically downloads into Word as well) Installing browser connection. Creating an online account at Zotero.

  10. Mendeley

    Generate references, citations and bibliographies in a whole range of journal styles with just a few clicks. Learn about citing > Career development 250,000 science, technology and health jobs to advance your career. Advance your career > Join millions of researchers using Mendeley Download Mendeley

  11. Zotero Reviews & Ratings 2024

    Zotero is a free, independent open-source project, and as such, it depends on the support of its users and developer community to extend the software and address bugs. Personally, I prefer the open-source approach but some users may wish for a paid option with dedicated support.

  12. MyBib

    MyBib is a free bibliography and citation generator that makes accurate citations for you to copy straight into your academic assignments and papers. If you're a student, academic, or teacher, and you're tired of the other bibliography and citation tools out there, then you're going to love MyBib. MyBib creates accurate citations automatically ...

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    Zotero is a life saver for academic writers. With multiple integration plugs in, Zotero is an excellent open-source citation software. The best feature is integration with all the common web browsers. Review collected by and hosted on G2.com.

  14. 10 Free and Open-source Citation and Reference managers for Windows

    1- JabRef JabRef JabRef is a cross-platform free reference manager. It's a simple yet powerful tool that comes with a rich feature list. JabRef can be a powerful free alternative to many commercial citation/ bibliography managers. JabRef supports many formats, and offers powerful search tools, and many export formats.

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    6 reviews Mendeley, an Elsevier company headquartered in London, offers their eponymous reference management software suite, including Mendeley Reference Manager, Web Importer, the Citation Plugin add-on, available in Premium package. Explore recently added products WIKINDX AutoRefs RefLynk

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    3. EndNote. 4. JabRef. 5. Citavi. Open-source reference management software offers a powerful and collaborative solution for researchers, academics, and students to efficiently organize and manage their references and bibliographic data. These versatile tools provide comprehensive functionalities for importing, storing, and citing academic ...

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  19. 12 Best Free Online Bibliography And Citation Tools (2017 Update)

    Free Version Available. Citation Machine offers many of its great features for free. 3. Citavi. Citavi is multi-purpose free online bibliography and citation tool eLearning content developers can use for their knowledge organization needs. It is also a reference manager and a task management platform.

  20. Research Guides: Zotero: Organize Your Zotero Library

    Zotero is a free and open-source citation management software that allows you to manage your research materials, create bibliographies, format citations, take notes, and collaborate with others. ... if you're creating a bibliography from a collection that includes subcollections. Moving Citations Between Collections and Deleting Citations from ...

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    50 proprietary software packages and their open source alternatives. This list is one author's opinion. Open Source Conferences and User Groups. OSCON. Note that O'Reilly Media put on many other conferences, most of which have strong open source components and/or constitutents. FOSS4G. Free and Open Source Geospatial Information Systems ...

  22. [2402.14658] OpenCodeInterpreter: Integrating Code Generation with

    The introduction of large language models has significantly advanced code generation. However, open-source models often lack the execution capabilities and iterative refinement of advanced systems like the GPT-4 Code Interpreter. To address this, we introduce OpenCodeInterpreter, a family of open-source code systems designed for generating, executing, and iteratively refining code. Supported ...

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    The large cache of more than 500 documents posted online anonymously last week details one Chinese tech company's hacking operations, target lists and marketing materials for the Chinese government.

  24. BioMistral: A Collection of Open-Source Pretrained Large Language

    Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable versatility in recent years, offering potential applications across specialized domains such as healthcare and medicine. Despite the availability of various open-source LLMs tailored for health contexts, adapting general-purpose LLMs to the medical domain presents significant challenges. In this paper, we introduce BioMistral, an open ...

  25. Open Source Project Management Tools for Linux

    ProjectLibre is a free and open-source project management tool intended ultimately as a standalone replacement for Microsoft Project.It has been downloaded millions of times worldwide and supports more than 100 languages. Since it's written in the Java programming language, ProjectLibre supports any machine with a fully functioning Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

  26. YOLOv9: Learning What You Want to Learn Using Programmable Gradient

    PGI can be used for variety of models from lightweight to large. It can be used to obtain complete information, so that train-from-scratch models can achieve better results than state-of-the-art models pre-trained using large datasets, the comparison results are shown in Figure 1. The source codes are at: this https URL.

  27. 6 Best Open Source IAM Tools in 2024

    Image: OpenIAM. This open-source IAM solution caters to both workforce and customer identities. Suitable for enterprise use, it offers organizations a set of features designed to streamline user ...

  28. 5 Best Open-Source CRM for 2024

    SuiteCRM: Best overall open-source CRM. Image: SuiteCRM SuiteCRM is a great all-in-one open-source CRM that prioritizes giving users a 360-degree view of their customers and business as a whole.

  29. Share & Collaborate

    Zotero is a free and open-source citation management software that allows you to manage your research materials, create bibliographies, format citations, take notes, and collaborate with others. Search this Guide Search. Table of Contents . Get Zotero; ... Public, Open Membership: You can allow anyone to view and contribute to your group ...