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BCA Books & Notes 2024: Download PDF (1st, 2nd & 3rd Year)

Looking for BCA books & notes in pdf format? 

If you are a BCA student & searching for BCA books & notes for free in pdf, then you are at the right place.

Being a BCA student, I think it’s not a good idea to buy books for each and every subject. You can just rent books from your college library or study from the internet. 

It is so because the complete course of BCA comprises around 20 books & the overall cost of books alone will be going to big trouble for some students. 

Instead, you can purchase only those books that will be your life-long companion in learning, like books on programming languages , data structure & concepts of object-oriented programming, etc .

Well, no need to worry if you are on a tight budget & can’t buy books, we are here with BCA books & notes in pdf format that are free to download.

Along with books in pdf format, we will also cover a few more things including:

  • A brief overview of the BCA course,
  • Syllabus of all the 3 years &
  • Reference books for major BCA subjects.

We will also have a FAQ section at the end where you will find answers to frequently asked questions.

If you find it difficult to navigate the post, you can use the “Table of Contents” for better navigation.

Alright, let’s get started!

BCA Course Details

BCA stands for Bachelor of Computer Applications . It is a 3-year undergraduate program offered by various universities across the country. 

The eligibility criteria for this course is 10+2 with at least 50% marks (final year students can also apply for entrance exams).

In the 3-year curriculum, there will be six semesters, where you will learn various programming languages including  C, C++, JAVA, Python, etc (As per the syllabus of the university).

If we look at the entrance exam, then IPU CET (Indraprastha University Common Entrance Test), AIMA UGAT (All India Management Association Under Graduate Aptitude Test), PESSAT (People’s Education Society Scholastic Aptitude Test), LUCSAT (Lucknow University Computer Science Admission Test), etc are some of the top entrance exams. 

Students can also study the BCA course from abroad keeping in mind the fact that they need to clear language tests like IELTS, PTE, or TOEFL as well as eligibility tests as defined by the university.

Not only this but these days some online universities are also offering bachelor’s degrees in Computer application. Coursera, Edx, etc are some of the top websites from where you can earn an online degree.

For students who are looking for a job in the IT sector, this course can be a good choice. After completing this course, you become eligible for various IT (Information Technology) jobs like Software Engineer, Web Developer , etc.

Some of the top IT companies where you can work after completing this course are TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Tech Mahindra, etc . Additionally, you can also apply for similar posts in Unicorns & startups.

Overall, this course opens a lot of job opportunities for students. If you want to do higher studies after the BCA course, you can always opt for MCA (Master of Computer Applications), MBA (Master of Business Administration), and M.Tech. (Master of Technology), etc.

BCA Syllabus

The syllabus of BCA is composed of theoretical, numerical as well as programming parts. 

Starting from the fundamentals of computers, then operating systems & finally to the introduction of programming languages and data structures, you will have a lot to learn.

Please note that the syllabus available here is not in accordance with any university. The syllabus of your university might vary a little. So it’s always a better idea to download the syllabus from the official website of your university.

BCA 1st Year Syllabus

The syllabus of BCA for the 1st semester starts with the basics of the English language, as English is one of the necessary languages in the IT sector. Next, you will also learn Mathematical concepts , as it is quite necessary to help you build logic in programming.

Other than that, you will learn the basics of Computer & business organization in the very first semester.

In the second semester, you will be introduced to the concepts of programming language. Here you will start with the Communication skills, then the concepts of discrete mathematics & finally the C language – which might be your very first programming language.

Other than that, you will learn assembly language & Computer Architecture in the second semester. The complete syllabus is summarized in the below table so as to make it easy to get it for you!

BCA 2nd Year Syllabus

In the second year, the course is divided into the third & fourth semesters. The third semester starts with the introduction to C++ programming , & then continues towards DAA (Design and Analysis of System), Data & File Structures & finally the DBMS (Database Management System).

The fundamentals of computer networks, Object-Oriented Programming with JAVA, Algorithms & Web Design concepts are covered in the syllabus of the fourth semester.

BCA 3rd Year Syllabus

Last but not least, the syllabus of the 3rd year is also divided into semesters V & VI. The last semester is quite dedicated to the project work & a little about Ecommerce & OS. 

On the other hand, Software engineering, web programming & numerical techniques are covered in the syllabus of semester V.

BCA Books Free Download PDF

If you are looking for free links to download BCA books in pdf format, then follow this section. In the next few sections, we have shared all the BCA books for the 1st, 2nd & 3rd year in pdf format.

Please note that these book does not belong to Fullonstudy, and we have shared the direct links to download the study material from the IGNOU website. For content updates/claims email us at [email protected] .  

BCA 1st Year Books Download PDF

In this section, we have shared the download links of BCA books for 1st year in pdf format. All you have to do is to follow the below links & you can download the complete syllabus easily.

BCA 2nd Year Books Download PDF

The BCA books for 2nd-year students can be downloaded easily using the below links. After you click on these links, you will be redirected to the eGyankosh website & after following a few steps, you can easily download all the books for 100% free.

BCA 3rd Year Books Download PDF

Last but not least, you can also download BCA books for the 3rd year (including semesters V & VI) using the links given in the below table. 

Step-by-step Guide to Download BCA Books

We have provided the proper links to download all the BCA study material for free in pdf, but still, if you are facing problems in downloading – you can follow this step-by-step guide:

#1: In the first step, you have to simply click on the links given in the above sections. After you will click on any of those links, you will be redirected to the eGyankosh website as shown below.

BCA Books Download Step 1

#2: Next click on each of these blocks respectively. After that, you will reach a new page from which you can download all the units in a specific block.

BCA Books Download Step 2

#3: Then from the next page, you can easily download each book separately in pdf format.

BCA Books Download Step 3

Best Textbooks / Reference Books for the BCA Course

It is essential for the students of the BCA course to use the right books and reference materials to understand the subject. 

These books will help them in understanding the topics as they practice and perform with the best results. 

In this section, we have compiled a list of top reference books that have been recommended by experts to the students of the BCA course.

The books compiled here are in accordance with the syllabus given above. However, if your syllabus is a bit different, then you can always choose the books as per your syllabus.

Let us start with some of the best books for BCA 1st year course.

BCA 1st Year Reference Books

Below are some of the best books for BCA as per the syllabus for 1st year. These books are available on Amazon & one can easily buy them using the below table.

BCA 2nd Year Reference Books

C++, JAVA & DBMS are three major parts of the syllabus of BCA 2nd year. Based on reviews from hundreds of users, we have shortlisted a few books as shown below.

BCA 3rd Year Reference Books

Finally, below are some of the best books for BCA 3rd-year students. Click on these links to buy these textbooks directly from Amazon.

BCA Notes: 1st, 2nd & 3rd Year

The BCA notes for 1st, 2nd & 3rd-year students are not available at this moment. However, we are trying our best to create notes for all the university students.

If you are a BCA student and want to help other students by providing your notes, you are welcome to submit the notes using the below link. Make sure to submit only notes & nothing else using this link.

Submit Your BCA Notes Here → 

What is the BCA course all about?

BCA stands for Bachelor of Computer Applications and is a 3-year undergraduate degree program that students can do after completing their 10+2 with at least 50% marks. This course opens job opportunities in the field of IT & Computer Science.

Does the BCA course cover any programming languages?

BCA program is all about fundamentals & programming. Depending on the college you are studying in, you will learn programming languages like C, C++, JAVA, Python, etc.

Which book is best for C Programming in the BCA 1st year?

For C programming, some of the best books are: Let Us C – by Yashwant Kanetkar & The C Programming Language – by Dennis Ritchie.

How can I download BCA books for free in pdf?

In this post, we have shared a complete step-by-step guide on how to download BCA books for 100% free. All you have to do is go through the “Table of Contents” and you can easily download these books.

  • BSc Books & Notes
  • BA Books & Notes
  • B.Com Books & Notes
  • BBA Books & Notes
  • B.Ed Books & Notes

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BCA Books and Notes

We hope you enjoyed this blog post on how to download free BCA books in pdf format. 

You’re never too old for a good challenge and achieving your dream of becoming a computer engineer is one of the most challenging yet rewarding life decisions you can make. 

To help you get through the process, we have highlighted the step-by-step process of how to download BCA books for free in pdf. 

If you face any problems please email us at [email protected] . Thank you for reading, we would love to hear from you!

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BCA Books & Notes 2024 PDF – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Year

  • Daily Exams
  • October 13, 2022
  • Books , Reference Books , Study Material

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Download  BCA Books & Notes 2024 For All Semesters in PDF – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Year . Here is the BCA study materials (बीसीए पुस्तकें) of Semester 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6. In this article, we’ve given BCA notes & books in pdf format by year-wise. Download BCA 1st year books, BCA 2nd year books and BCA 3rd year books.

  BCA Full Form is Bachelor of Computer Applications. The Bachelor of Computer Applications course structure is quite similar to the traditional B.Sc. program. It is an undergraduate Information Technology course. BCA is a 3-year graduation degree course after (10+2). Download BCA 1st year, 2nd year, and Final year notes from provided links.

Also, Check the following Links:

  • BCA Course Details
  • B.A Course Details
  • B.Sc Course Details
BCA Full Form:  Bachelor of Computer Applications

Download BCA Books – 1st, 2nd & 3rd Year

Bachelor of Computer Applications Study Material

BCA Books & Notes – 1st Year (Sem 1 & 2)

Bca books & notes – 2nd year (sem 3 & 4), bca books & notes – 3rd year (sem 5 & 6), bca course structure and syllabus for 3-years.

The BCA is an undergraduate degree course in computer application duration is 3 years with 6 semesters. The quality marks would be applicable on the basis of Specialization courses. You can Check the Details of BCA Books and Notes of Subjects for Candidates Final Exam in Semester wise.

BCA Course subjects

  • Fundamentals of IT & Computers
  • Digital Electronics
  • Basic Mathematics
  • English Communication
  • C Language Lab
  • Operating Systems and Fundamentals
  • Organizational Behaviour
  • C Language Advanced Concepts
  • Advanced Mathematics
  • Advanced C Programming Lab
  • Database Management Systems
  • Open Source Technology
  • Software Engineering
  • Web-Based Applications
  • DBMS and Web Technology Lab
  • Web Designing
  • Data Structures
  • Introduction to Linux
  • Object-Oriented Programming
  • Software Engineering – II
  • Java Programming
  • Python Language
  • eCommerce and Marketing
  • Advanced Java and Python Lab
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Information Security
  • Application Development

Specialization Courses for BCA

  • BCA (General)
  • Database systems
  • BCA (Animation and Multimedia)

Syllabus for BCA

1 st semester subject.

  • Mathematics I
  • Computer Fundamentals
  • Programming using C
  • Communication and Soft Skills
  • Principles of Management
  • Programming in ‘C’ Lab
  • Computer Fundamentals and Information Technology Lab

2 nd Semester Subject

  • Object-Oriented Programming and UML with C++
  • Business Accounting
  • Discrete Mathematics
  • Environmental Studies
  • Data Structures Lab
  • Object-Oriented Programming and UML using C++  Lab

3rd-semester Subject

  • Computer Networks (Cisco Track)
  • Computer Organization and Architecture
  • Database Management System & Data Modeling (Oracle track)
  • Business Communication
  • Operating Systems
  • Computer Networks Lab (Cisco Track)
  • Database Management System & Data Modeling Lab (Oracle track)
  • Operating Systems Lab

4th-semester Subject

  • Agile Systems
  • Web Technology with PHP
  • Python Scripting
  • Program Elective I
  • Open Elective I
  • Web Technology with PHP Lab
  • Python Scripting Lab
  • Program Elective Lab I

5th-semester Subject

  • Digital Marketing
  • Android Development
  • Computer Graphics and Animation
  • Program Elective II
  • Open Elective II
  • Digital Marketing lab
  • Android Development lab
  • Program Elective lab II
  • Minor Project-I

6th-semester subject

  • Program Elective III
  • Program Elective IV
  • Information Security Lab
  • Program Elective Lab III
  • Major Project

BCA Books & Notes in PDF Download

Candidate can Download Books and Notes of BCA Course through the Individual Program by the links Download in Pdf Format

The College List Offering BCA Course

  • Christ University, Bangalore
  • Madras Christian College, Chennai
  • Presidency College, Bangalore
  • Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research, Pune
  • DAV College, Chandigarh

BCA Reference Books & Authors for All Semesters

We have Provide some Reference Books of the BCA Course for candidates Preparation.

  • Differential Calculus by Shanti Narayan, Publishers S. Chand & Co.
  • Integral Calculus by Shanti Narayan, Publishers S. Chand & Co.
  • Modern Abstract Algebra by Shanti Narayan, Publishers S. Chand & Co.
  • Das BC and Mukherjee, Differential Calculus, Calcutta, U.N. Dhar Publishers.
  • Das BC and Mukherjee, Integral Calculus, Calcutta, U.N. Dhar Publishers.
  • Grewal B.S., Higher Engineering Mathematics, Delhi Khanna Publishers.
  • De A. K., Environmental Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
  • Miller T.G.Jr., Environmental Science, Wadsworth Publishing Co. (TB)
  • Human Behavior at Work; John W Newstrom & Keith Davis; Tata McGraw Hill.
  •  The Most Common Mistakes in English Usage; Thomas Elliot Berry, Tata McGraw Hill
  • Business Communication: R.K. Madhukar; Vikas Publication.
  • M.Litvin & G.Litvin- Programs with C++ and Data structures Vikas Publishing Home, New Delhi, 2005.

BCA Books Buy Online at Amazon

Here you can get the Books of BCA Course for References. There are Plenty Books for the BCA Programs according to their Specialization Courses. So We Provide Some Books of BCA program for Candidate Reference. Students can Get the Preparation Books on Sites like Amazon. Candidates can Refer the Amazon and buy through Online.

Check the Following Links for more information,

  • B.Sc Books & Notes For All Semesters in PDF – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Year
  • B.Arch Books & Notes For All Semesters in PDF – 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th Year
  • BA Books & Notes For All Semesters in PDF – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Year

We’ve provided BCA Books & Notes 2024 in PDF for all Semesters. Any University student can download given BCA Notes and Study material (Self Learning Material) for 1st, 2nd & 3rd year or you can buy BCA Books at Amazon also. Share this article with other BCA students who are searching for BCA Books for all years and help them to download BCA Notes in PDF Format.

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All Question paper with solution mean Bachelorexam.com

BCA C-Programming Solved Question Paper Notes Pdf

BCA C-Programming Solved Question Paper Notes Pdf

Unlock the C-Programming notes from the BCA solved question paper . For future success, master the foundational concepts of the C programming language with in-depth solutions.

Section A: C-Programming Very Short Question Answers

Q1. Explain the need for array variables. 

Ans. As opposed to defining distinct variables for each value, arrays are used to hold numerous values in a single variable. The data type must be specified along with the array name and square brackets [to build an array]. For instance, let’s say we need to create a programme that can handle 50 employees’ salaries. If we utilise variables to solve this issue, we would require 50 variables to hold employee salaries. The project will become complicated and lengthy because it will be difficult to remember and manage these 50 factors. Declaring a single array with 50 entries, one for each employee’s wage, will address this issue. Now, all we need to remember is the array’s name. 

Q2. Distinguish between automatic and static variables. 

Q3. What is meant by array of structures?  

Ans. An array of structure in C-programming is a collection of different datatype variable, grouped together under a single name. 

The structural declaration is as follows: 

What is meant by array of structures? C-Programming

Here, struct is the keyword

tagname specifies name of structure

member 1, member 2 specifies the data items that make up structure. 

Q4. What is a pointer ? How is a pointer initialised?

Ans. Pointers : The address of other variables is stored in pointers, which are variables. Our entire data set is kept in the computer’s memory, which is broken up into tiny bytes. Every time we use a variable, it is stored at any memory location because each of these bytes has a unique address.  

Initialisation of Pointer Variables  

The initialisation of the pointer variable is simple like other variable but in the pointer variable, we assign the address instead of value. 

Its system is: 

What is a pointer ? How is a pointer initialised?

Here in the above example, we have a pointer variable and another is a simple integer variable and we have assigned the pointer variable with the address of the ‘var1’. That means the pointer variable ‘ptr’ now has the address of the variable ‘var1′.  

If we want to access the pointer variable, then we have to understand the most important thing that if the ‘*’ asterisk sign is before the pointer variable, this means the pointer variable is now pointing to the value at the location instead of the pointing to location. 

Q5. Describe the use and limitations of the function getc. 

Ans. The Use of the Function Getc: Both the input-output operations getc and putc use characters. These functions are used for a variety of stream-based input-output operations. To read a character from a stream and move the stream file pointer to the following character in the input stream, use the getc function. To output a character to the output stream, use the putc function. 

Limitation of the Function Get: The main drawback getc (), putc () functions are file handling function in C-programming language which is used to read a character from a file (getc) and display on standard output or write into a file (putc). 

Describe the use and limitations of the function getc. 

getc functions is used to read a character from a file. In a C-programme, we read a character as below. 

Describe the use and limitations of the function getc. 

putc function is used to display a character on standard output or is used to write into a file. In a C-programme, we can use putc as below.  

Describe the use and limitations of the function getc. BCA Question Paper

Section B: C-Programming Short Question Answer

Q6. What is a data structure? Why is an array called a data structure? Write a program to read a matrix of size mxn and print its transpose.   

Ans. An array is a data structure that is designed to store a group of objects of the same or different types. So, they are needed in C programming to store multiple values of same data type. Through arrays, we can represent many instances in one variable. 

Array in Data Structure: An array is a linear data structure that collects elements of the same data type and stores them in contiguous and adjacent memory locations. Array work on an index system starting from O to (n – 1), where n is the size of the array. 

Program to read a matrix of size m*n and print its transpose 

Why is an array called a data structure? Write a program to read a matrix of size mxn and print its transpose.   

Q7. Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators? 

Ans. Bitwise AND Operator : This operator is represented as ‘& and is different than &&, the logical AND operator. The & operator operates on two operands. While operating upon these two operands, they are compared on a bit-by-bit basis. Hence, both the operands must be of the same type (either char or int). The second operand is often called an AND Mask. The & operator operates on a pair of bits to yield a resultant bit. The rules that decide the value of the resultant bit are shown below:

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

This can be represented in a more understandable form as a ‘Truth Table’ shown below: 

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

The example given below shows more clearly what happens while ANDing one operand with another. The rules given in the figure are applied to each pair of bits one by one.  

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

Thus, it must be clear that the operation is being performed on individual bits and the operation performed on one pair of bits is completely independent of the operation performed on the other pairs.

Bitwise XOR Operator : The XOR operator is represented as ’^’ and is also called an exclusive OR operator. The OR operator returns 1, when any one of the two bits or both the bits are 1, whereas XOR returns 1 only if one of the two bits is 1. The truth table for the XOR operator is given below :

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

XOR operator is used to toggle a bit ON or OFF. A number XORed with another number twice gives the original number. This is shown in the following program : 

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

We can use XOR operator to check whether a given year is leap or not. The following program shows how this can be done : 

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

Bitwise OR Operator : Operator is represented as ‘|’. The rules that give the value of the resulting bit obtained after ORing of two bits is shown in the truth table below : 

Describe the three logical bitwise operators what is the purpose of each what types of operands are required by each of the logical bitwise operators?

Bitwise OR operator is usually used to put ON a particular bit in a number, 

Let us would consider be the bit pattern 11000011.If we want to put ON bit number 3, then the OR mask to be used would be 00001000. Note that all the other bits in the mask are set 0 and only the bit, which we want to set ON in the resulting value is set to 1. 

There are three basic operands i.e. AND, OR and NOT. Every complex logical expression can be built using a combination of these operands. 

Q8. What is the relationship between an array name and a pointer? How is an array name interpreted when it appears as an argument to a function? How can a function return a pointer to its calling routine? 

Ans. Interpretation of Array Name: When an array name appears as an argument to a function, it in fact, passes the base address of the array which is the location of the first element of the array in the memory. That means, the array is passed by address which means that the function it is passed to, can change the values stored in the original array. 

For example: 

How is an array name interpreted when it appears as an argument to a function? How can a function return a pointer to its calling routine? 

Here, the array name ‘c’ is passed as an argument to function display’ as – display (c [2]);A Function Returning a Pointer: In order for a function to return a pointer to its calling routine, the return type of function should be a pointer to another function. For this, we need to define a type which represents that particular function pointer. 

Type def return type (* function_pointer_name) (argument type_1, argument_type_2, ……..,argument _type_n): 

This creates a type which represents a pointer for a particular function. 

How is an array name interpreted when it appears as an argument to a function? How can a function return a pointer to its calling routine? 

Output: Hello Bachelorexam!!  

Section C: C-Programming

Q9. (a) Character string in C are automatically terminated by the null character. Explain how this feature helps in string manipulations. 

Ans. Strings are usually one-dimensional array of characters terminated by a null character ‘\0’. In fact, we do not place the null character at the end of a string constant. But the c compiler automatically places the ‘\0′ at the end of the string when it initialises the array. In c, strings are just a sequence of characters accessed via a pointer to the first character:. There is no space in a pointer to store the length so we need some indication of where the end of the string is. Hence, it was decided to indicate this by a null character. 

This feature widely helps in string manipulations because programs that manipulate string often need to compute a character string’s length. The function ‘strlen’ in the standard library takes a string as its argument and returns the string’s length expressed as an integer. The length computation starts at the beginning of the string and examine each character in order until it reaches the null character. The function is represented as–strlen (S1); 

There are some other functions also that manipulate null – terminated strings:

1. strcpy (S1, S2); – It copies string S2 into string S1.

2. strcat (S1, S2); – It concatenates string S2 onto the end of string S1. (15 x 3 = 45)  

3. strcmp (S1, S2); – It returns 0 if S1 and S2 are the same; less than 0 if S1 < S2 and greater than 0 if S1 > S2. 

4. strchr (S1, ch); – It returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch in string S1

5. strstr (S1, S2); -It returns a pointer to the first occurrence of string S2 in string S1. 

(b). Main is a user defined function. How does is differ from other uses-defined functions?

Ans. The main () function is a user-defined function but it is different from other user-defined functions in the following ways: 

  • 1. The compilers of most of the programming languages are so designed that the main () function constitutes the entry point of the program execution. It defines the point from which the program has to start executing itself though there are many other sub-routines and other user-defined functions included in the program. 
  • 2. The main () function is the controlling section of our code because even though the control of the program is shifted to the UDF (User Defined Function) during the program execution after a function call from main (), once it’s execution is completed, the control is transferred back to the main () function with some or no return value (as in the case of a void function). 
  • 3. The main () function provides a platform for calling the first user-defined function in the program.  
  • 4. It has got its own functionality and structural features with respect to the usage of syntaxes Which cannot be changed by the end user unless he writes his own compiler. But the UDF’s have functions and structures designed by the user or programmer. 
  • 5. The main () has function definition (the code of a function() but it doesn’t have any function declaration. Though we often use int main () or void main (), these declarations are not compulsory. But a UDF should have such declarations. 
  • 6. A main () function is a user-defined function in C that means we can pass parameters to the main () function according to the requirement of a program. This function is used to invoke the programming code at the run time, not at the compile time of a program. It provides a platform for calling the first user defined function in the program. 

Q10. (a) Compare the working of the function strcat and strncat. Write a program, which read your name from the keyboard and outputs a list of ASCII codes, which represent your name.

Ans. C-Strcat

This function is a concatenation string function. strcat() function concatenates the destination string at the end of the source string. This means it connects two strings. Destination String is appended at the end of source string.  

Here is below example: 

Source String is: src 

Destination String is: city  

Syntax for strcat() -strcat(source, destination);

Compare the working of the function strcat and strncat. Write a program, which read your name from the keyboard and outputs a list of ASCII codes, which represent your name.

Before concatenation destination string = Bombay

After concatenation destination string = Bombay + Nagpur

C-strncat(): This strncat() function is used when u need to concatenate some portion of one string at the end of another string. Here we can give a number of characters that have to concatenate. 

Syntax for strncat(): strncat(source, destination, number_of_character) 

Compare the working of the function strcat and strncat. Write a program, which read your name from the keyboard and outputs a list of ASCII codes, which represent your name.

Before concatenation destination string = Bombay 

After concatenation destination string= Bombay + Na

In the example there are 3 characters from destination string is append to source string. 

Program that reads the name from the keyboard and outputs a list of ASCII codes which represent the name: 

Compare the working of the function strcat and strncat. Write a program, which read your name from the keyboard and outputs a list of ASCII codes, which represent your name.

Enter your name: Bachelorexam

(b) What are the rules that govern the passing of arrays to function? Use recursive function calls to evaluate

What are the rules that govern the passing of arrays to function? Use recursive function calls to evaluate

Ans. Rules Governing the Passing of Arrays to Function

In G, there are several times when we are required to pass an array to a function argument. For example, we have a function to sort a list of numbers: it is more efficient to pass these numbers as an array to function than passing them as variables since the number of elements the user has is not fixed and passing numbers as an array will allow our function to work for any number of values. 

The rules that govern the passing of arrays to function are as under: 

  • 1. In G, an array when passed as a function argument is always treated as a pointer by a function. 
  • 2. Ways to pass an array to a function in Care Formal parameters as pointer, Formal parameters as sized arrays and formal parameters as unsized arrays.  
  • 3. It is possible to return an array from a function by changing return type of function to pointer of data type of the array.  
  • 4. To pass an entire array to a function, only the name of the array is passed as an argument such as result=calculateSum(num);  

C-Program to use recursive calls to evaluate

What are the rules that govern the passing of arrays to function? Use recursive function calls to evaluate

Q11. (a) Explain the meaning and purpose of the following: 

(i) Struct keyword 

(ii) Typedef keyword

(iii) Size of operator

Ans. (i) Struct Keyword: A user-defined datatype called a structure is used in C to store variables of various data kinds. In C, the word “struct” is used to define a structure. The user must then type the structure’s name after the struct keyword. The data types and the names of the members are then defined inside curly brackets. 

Struct Keyword

‘struct’ keyword is used to create a structure. We can use this data type to store dates of different attributes of different data types.  

(ii) Typedef Keyword: In C programming, the typedef keyword is used to give an existing data type a new name. To redefine a term that already exists, use the typedef keyword. When using datatype names in programmes becomes challenging, typedef is used with user-defined datatypes, which function similarly to creating a command alias. 

Typedef Keyword

The typedef keyword gives a meaningful name to the existing data type which helps other users to understand the program more easily. It can be used with structures to increase code readability and we don’t have to type struct again and again. The typedef keyword can also be used with pointers to declare multiple pointers in a single statement. It can be used with arrays to declare any number of variables.  

(ii) Size of Operator: Size of is a much-used operator in the C. It is a compile-time unary operator which can be used to compute the size of its operand. The result of size of is of the unsigned integral type which is usually denoted by size_t. Size of can be applied to any data type, including primitive types such as integer and floating-point types, pointer types or compound datatypes such as structure, union, etc.  

When size of() is used with the data types, it simply returns the amount of memory allocated to that data type. The output can be different on different machines like a 32-bit system can show different output while a 64-bit system can show different of same data types.  

Syntax with Parameters: Size of operator in C has various styles for representation:

  • 1. Type: Type is the variable passed in the function to represent the type of data type to be used. size of(type) 
  • 2. Variable-name: variable-name is the variable passed to the function for determining the bytes occupied by the memory. 
  • size of(variable-name) 
  • 3. Expression: It is the parameter that is passed to the functionality for determining the bytes in the memory to compute the values for the expression. 

size of (expression)  

(b) Write a function that receive a sorted array of integers and an integer value and inserts the value in its correct place. 

Ans. Function in C that receive a sorted array of integers and an integer value and inserts the value in its correct place  

Write a function that receive a sorted array of integers and an integer value and inserts the value in its correct place.

Q12. (a) Define auto and register variables in the content of ‘C’: What is the basic difference between these two variables? 

Ans. Auto Variable : It is a variable that is defined with the auto specifier within a function or block and is a member of the automatic storage class. If no storage class is specified, all variables defined within a function or block by default belong to automatic storage class. Automatic storage class variables are exclusive to the block in which they are defined and are removed upon block exit. 

The following C program demonstrates the visibility level of auto variables : 

Define auto and register variables in the content of 'C’: What is the basic difference between these two variables?

In the above program we see three definitions for variable i. 

So, there could be more than one variable with the same name if these variables are defined in different blocks. Thus, there will be no error here and the program will compile and execute successfully. The printf in the inner most block will print 3 and the variable i defined in the inner most block gets destroyed as soon as control exits from the block. Now control comes to the second outer block and prints 2 then comes to the outer block and prints 1. Here, automatic variable must always be initialised properly, otherwise we are likely to get unexpected results because automatic variables are not given any initial value by the compiler. 

Register Variable : The register specifier declares a variable of register storage class called as register variable. Variables belonging to register storage class are local to the block which they are defined in and get destroyed on exit from the block. A register declaration is equivalent to an auto declaration, but hints that the declared variable will be accessed frequently, therefore they are placed in CPU registers, not in memory. Only a few variables are actually placed into registers, and only certain types are eligible; the restrictions are implementation-dependent. However, if a variable is declared as register, the unary & (address of) operator may not be applied to it, explicitly or implicitly. Register variables are also given no initial value by the compiler. 

The following piece of code is trying to get the address of variable i into pointer variable P but it won’t succeed because i is declared register, therefore following piece of code won’t compile and exit with error “error : address of register variable requested.” 

Define auto and register variables in the content of 'C’: What is the basic difference between these two variables?

Difference between Auto and Register Variables

(b) Give examples of using feof and ferror in a program. 

Ans. feof() function in C  

In C language, when we are using a stream that links with a file, then we are required to determine that we have come to the end of a file. To solve the problem, we have to compare an integer value to the EOE value. Through the feof() function, we determine whether EOF of a file has occurred or not. The prototype of this function is:  

int feof(FlLE* filename); 

It returns the value zero when end of the file has not occurred, otherwise it returns 1. 

Parameters: FILE* filename

Return type: int(0 or 1) 

Example:   

Give examples of using feof and ferror in a program.

Ferror() function in C

The C library function int ferror(FILE *stream) tests the error indicator for the given stream. Following is the declaration for ferror() function. 

Give examples of using feof and ferror in a program.

Parameters: 

Stream: This is the pointer to a FILE object that identifies the stream. 

Return Value: If the error indicator associated with the stream was set, the function returns a non zero value else, it returns a zero value.  

Example: The following example shows the usage of ferror() function.  

Give examples of using feof and ferror in a program.

Q13. (a) What do you know about bitwise operator? Explain about some bit wise operators by providing the examples for each?  

Ans. Bitwise Operations : Using bitwise operators, operations can be carried out at the bit level in the C programming language. Byte-level operations, which define the bitwise operators’ logical equivalents, the AND, OR, and NOT operators, stand in contrast to bitwise operations. These operators operate on groups of eight bits (referred to as bytes) rather than single bits. This is because a byte is often the smallest addressable memory (i.e., data having a specific memory address) unit. This is true for bitwise operators as well, thus even though they only work with one bit at a time, they are unable to handle inputs smaller than bytes.

Bitwise Operators

C provides six operators for bit manipulation. 

1. Bitwise AND “&” : The bitwise AND operator is a single ampersand: &. It is just a representation of AND which does its work on the bits of the operands rather than the truth value of the operands. Bitwise binary AND does the logical AND (as shown in the table below) of the bits in each position of a number in its binary form. 

For instance, working with a byte (the char type): 0 

The most significant bit of the first number is 1 and that of the second number is also 1 so the most significant bit of the result is 1; in the second most significant bit, the bit of second number is zero, so we have the result as 0. 

What do you know about bitwise operator? Explain about some bit wise operators by providing the examples for each? 

2. Bitwise OR “|” : Similar to bitwise AND, bitwise OR (inclusive or) is applied to only operators at the bit level. Its result is a 1 if one of the either bits is 1 and zero only when both bits are 0. It symbol is “ | ” which can be called a pipe. 

What do you know about bitwise operator? Explain about some bit wise operators by providing the examples for each? 

3. Bitwise XOR “^” : The Bitwise xOR (exclusive or) performs a logical XOR function, which is equivalent to adding two bits and discarding the carry. The result is zero only when we have two zeroes or two ones. XOR can be used to toggle the bits between 1 and 0. Thus, i = i^1 when used in a loop toggles its values between 1 and 0. 

What do you know about bitwise operator? Explain about some bit wise operators by providing the examples for each? 

4. Bitwise NOT “~” Jone’s complement (unary) : The one’s complement (~) or the bitwise complement gets us the complement of a given number. Thus we get the bits inverted, for every bit 1, the result is bit 0 and conversely for every bit 0, we have a bit 1. This operation should not be confused with logical negation “!”. 

What do you know about bitwise operator? Explain about some bit wise operators by providing the examples for each? 

5. Shift Operators : There are two bitwise shift operators. They are : 

(a) Right Shift Operator : The symbol of right shift operator is ‘>>’, For its operation, it requires two operands. It shifts each bit in its left operand to the right. The number following the operator decides the number of places the bits are shifted (.e. the right operand). Thus, by doing ch >> 3, all the bits will be shifted to the right by three places and so on. 

Example : If the variable ch contains the bit pattern 11100101, then ch >> 1 with produce the result 01110010 and ch >> 2 will produce 00111001. 

Here blank spaces are generated simultaneously on the left when the bits are shifted to the right When performed on an unslgped type, the operation performed is a logical shift, causing the blanks to be filled by 0s (zeros). When performed on a signed type, an arithmetic shift is performed, cuSing the blank lo be filled with the sign bit of the left operand, Right shift can be used to divide a bit pattern by 2.

(b) Left Shift Operator : The symbol of left operator is ‘<<‘, It shifts each bit in its left-hand sperand to the lett by the number of positions indicated by the right-hand operand. It works opposite to that of the shit operator, Thus by doing ch << 1 in the above example, we have 11001010. Blank spaces generated are filled up by zeroes as above. Left shift can be used to multiply an integer in multiples of 2. 

6. Bitwise Assignment Operators : C provides a compound assignment operator for each binary arithmetic and bitwise operation (i.e. cach operation which accepts two operands). Each of the compound bitwise assignment operators perform the appropriate binary operation and store the result in the left operand. 

The bitwise assignment operators are as follows :

What do you know about bitwise operator? Explain about some bit wise operators by providing the examples for each? 

(b) Define a macro that receives an array and the number of elements in the array as arguments. Write a program using this macro to print out the elements of an array.  

Ans. Macro Defining the Array

A marco is a piece of code in a program that is replaced by the value of the macro. Marco is defined by #define directive. Whenever a macro name is encountered by the compiler, it replaces the name with the definition of the macro. Macro definitions need not be terminated by a semi-colon(;). 

A macro that receives an array and the number of elements in the array as arguments is defined as: 

Define a macro that receives an array and the number of elements in the array as arguments. Write a program using this macro to print out the elements of an array. 

Program in C using macro to print out the elements of an array

Define a macro that receives an array and the number of elements in the array as arguments. Write a program using this macro to print out the elements of an array. 

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BCA 1st Semester Syllabus (2023)

Fundamentals of it & computers.

  • Basics of Computer and its Operations
  • Characteristics of Computer System
  • Types of Computers
  • Number System and Base Conversions
  • What is Algorithm | Introduction to Algorithms
  • What is a Flowchart and its Types?
  • What is an Operating System?
  • DOS Full Form
  • Types of Operating Systems
  • Commonly Used Operating System
  • Difference between Word Processor and Text Editor
  • Introduction to Microsoft Word
  • Introduction to MS Excel
  • Introduction to Microsoft PowerPoint

C Programming

  • C Programming Language Tutorial
  • Operators in C
  • Control Structures in Programming Languages
  • C if else if ladder
  • Nested switch case
  • Introduction to Divide and Conquer Algorithm - Data Structure and Algorithm Tutorials
  • Understanding Time Complexity with Simple Examples
  • What is PseudoCode: A Complete Tutorial
  • Arithmetic Operators in C
  • C Functions
  • Parameter Passing Techniques in C
  • Difference Between Call by Value and Call by Reference in C
  • Scope rules in C

Basic Mathematics

  • Determinant of a Matrix
  • Mathematics | Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
  • Advanced Differentiation
  • Chain Rule Derivative - Theorem, Proof, Examples
  • Taylor Series
  • Relative Minima and Maxima
  • Beta Function
  • Gamma Function
  • Reduction Formula
  • Vector Algebra

Business Communication

  • What is Communication?
  • Communication and its Types
  • BCA 2nd Semester Syllabus (2023)
  • BCA 3rd Semester Syllabus (2023)
  • BCA 4th Semester Syllabus (2023)
  • BCA 5th Semester Syllabus (2023)
  • BCA 6th Semester Subjects and Syllabus (2023)
  • BCA Full Form
  • Bachelor of Computer Applications: Curriculum and Career Opportunity

BCA stands for Bachelor of Computer Applications. It is an undergraduate academic degree in the field of computer science. The curriculum is designed to provide students with a strong foundation in the field of computer science and to prepare them for careers in software development, programming, and other related fields. BCA Course is generally divided into 6 semesters. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the BCA Semester 1 Syllabus , and its important topics.

This  BCA 1st Semester Syllabus covers a wide range of topics that are essential for a foundation in computer science. In this Semester 1 of BCA Program, students will learn about various fundamental concepts such as computers, programming, mathematics, communication and mor e. BCA Semester 1 syllabus is designed by experts to provide students with a solid foundation in the fundamentals concepts of computer science. Students who complete this syllabus will be well prepared for further studies in computer science or related fields.

BCA 1st Semester Syllabus

BCA 1st Semester Syllabus consist of important subjects such as Fundamentals of IT & Computers, C Programming, Digital Electronics & Computer Organization, Basic Mathematics, Business Communication and more . Here is the BCA syllabus for Semester 1:

The subjects in BCA 1st semester provide a solid foundation in the fundamentals of information technology and computers. These subjects are essential for students who want to pursue a career in information technology. They will help students develop their problem-solving skills, communication skills, and their ability to write and debug code. Students who successfully complete these courses will have a strong foundation in the fundamentals of information technology and computers, which will give them the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in their careers.

Whether you're preparing for your first job interview or aiming to upskill in this ever-evolving tech landscape, GeeksforGeeks Courses are your key to success. We provide top-quality content at affordable prices, all geared towards accelerating your growth in a time-bound manner. Join the millions we've already empowered, and we're here to do the same for you. Don't miss out - check it out now !

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Computer Fundamentals Notes For BCA 1st SEM PDF Download[Part-1/4]

problem solving techniques using c bca 1st sem textbook pdf

What You Will Learn (toc)

Computer: .

It is a man-made electronic machine. Which use 0 or 1 to store data or information.

It takes data, processes it, and produces meaningful information for the users as output.

"A computer accepts data from an input device and processes it into useful information which it displays on its output device."

Works very fast as compare to humans but its capacity is limited.

  • Computer Fundamental Notes For BCA 1st SEM [Part-2/4] ( Read Now )
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  • Computer Fundamental Notes For BCA 1st SEM [Part-4/4] ( Read Now )

Components of Computer:

All computers follow the same basic logical structure and perform the five operations for converting raw input data into useful information to their users:

i) Take Input - the process of entering data & instructions.

ii) Storing Data - save data and instruction for the future when required.

iii) Processing Data - performing arithmetic, and logical operations on data to convert into useful information

iv) Output Information -  the process of producing useful information for the users.

v) Control the Workflow - directs the manner and sequence in which all of the above operations are performed.

1) Input Unit -

Input units are used to enter the data into a computer system. It creates the link between user and computer. The Input Units translate the information into computer-readable form.

2) CPU - 

CPU is known as the Brain of the Computer. CPU performs all types of data processing operations. It stores intermediate results, programs & data. Mainly CPU controls the operations of the computer's parts.

* Components of CPU

a) Arithmetic Section-  It performs all the arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

b) Logic Section -  It performs logical operations such as comparing, matching, selecting & merging data.

ii) Memory Unit - 

Memory is used to store instructions, data & intermediate results. It sends the information to other units when required. Mainly memory unit is known as Internal,  Main & Primary memory, or RAM (Random Access Memory).

iii) Control Unit - 

It controls the operations of all parts of the computer but does not carry out any actual data processing.

3) Output Unit - 

Output Units are used to get information from a computer system. It creates the link between user and computer. The Output Units translate the computer's data into human-readable form.

Generations of Computers:

Generations.

The development of computer systems is normally discussed as the development over different generations.

1) First Generation (1942-55)

i) Computer Systems are Entirely electronic.

ii) Magnetic drums are used for memory.

iii) Vacuum tubes are used to store instructions.

iv) These systems can calculate in milliseconds.

v) Takes entire room space for a single system.

vi) These systems consume a large amount of energy. And very expensive to operate and I/O ( input/ output) is very slow.

vii) Constant maintenance is required for these systems. And only can understand low-levels.

Example: ENIAC, IBM650, UNIVAC1, etc.

2) Second Generation (1955-65)

i) Transistors are used at the place of vacuum tubes.

ii) And use Magnetic core as Primary Internal Storage.

iii) In this generation main storage capacity and speed are increased.

iv) And Punched Card or Magnetic Tapes are used in these computer systems.

v) Input/Output speed was fast as compared to the first-generation computer system.

vi) Reduces the size of the entire computer system and these systems generate less heat.

vii) High-Level Programming Languages are used in these systems (COBOL and FORTRAN).

Example: IBM-1401, Honewell 200, CDC 1607, etc.

3) Third Generation (1965-74)

i) These systems replace transistors with IC (Integrated Circuit) Chips. 

ii) And Magnetic Core also uses for primary storage.

iii) Input and Output are more flexible in these systems.

iv) Working speed of these systems is also increased.

v) High-Level Programming Languages are used in these systems.

vi) And Operating Systems are available for Input/Output in these computer systems

vii) Size of the systems was reduced and perform better performance or these systems are reliable for the uses

Example: IBM System/360, NCR 395, Burroughs B6500, etc.

4) Fourth Generation (1974-89)

i) These computer systems use Large Scale IC Chips

ii) Modular designs are available for the users.

iii) In this generation use of microcomputers is increased

iv) Storage capacity and speed of the systems are increased.

v) A greater versatility of Input/Output devices is introduced

vi) These computer systems use RAM for temporary data storage

vii) Microprocessor  and microcomputers cames in this computer generation

Example: IBM PC-XT(microcomputer), AppleII, IBM PC, STAR 1000, etc.

5) Fifth Generation (1989-Present & Beyond)

i) This generation totally based on Artificial Intelligence

v) Come with great speed of I/O devices

iii) Consume less power and generate very less heat. 

ii) Use Ultra-Large-Scale Integration (ULSI) Technology

iv) Speed of this generation computer systems is very fast and accuracy and reliability increases as compare to 4th generation computer systems

vi) Size of these computer systems is very small and these are cheapen than other generation computer systems

vii) Use High-Level Programming Languages Like Python, C#, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, etc.

Example: Desktop, Laptops, Smartphones, Voice Recognition, Tablet, etc.

Characteristics of Computer

I) automatic.

It can work by itself without human  interaction.

We need to instruct a computer using coding.

They cannot start themselves and cannot find any problem solution.

The speed of computers is very fast as compare to humans.

A computer system can perform any task within seconds.

It can work continuously day and night and it will never tire.

iii) Accuracy

The computer is a very accurate device and computes cannot make errors.

It can perform any calculation with the same accuracy up to last.

iv) Versatility

Is the most powerful feature of a computer.

It Means a computer system has the ability to perform different kinds of tasks at the same time with the same accuracy.

v) Diligence

Unlike, human being a computer never tired, with no lack of concentration and haziness it can perform any task for a long period of time.  

vi) Storage Capacity

Computers are capable of storing an enormous amount of data and instructions. And with the increasing speed of a computer, it can retrieve data within a second.

vii) Power of Remembering

With day-to-day life, the storing capacity of a computer is increasing and it can retrieve any data within a second from the millions of data. 

Classification of Computer

I) digital computer.

According, to its name these are the computers that are used to represent data in digital form.

Such as letters, numbers, and special symbols. Example: PC, Calculator, Digital Clock, Laptops, etc.

ii) Analog Computer

Analog computer data is represented as physical quantities.

In these computers, data is represented continuously.

These computer systems are used where data is always changeable. Example: Voltmeter, Barometer, Thermometer, etc.

iii) Hybrid Computer

A hybrid computer is the combined feature of digital on analog computers.

It takes input in analog form process it in digital form and then gives the output in the form of analog. 

Example: Scientific Laboratory, Airline Sector, etc.  

iv) Super Computer

These computer systems are very fast, large in size, large storage capacity, as compare to other computer systems.

These computer systems are specially designed to perform a large amount of data in a short time period with full accuracy.

Example: Param, Fugaku, etc.

v) Mainframe Computer

These computer systems are not made for a normal person or normal work.

These computers are mainly used in big organizations, commercial purposes, scientific problems, etc.

vi) Mini Computer

Minicomputers are smaller in size, faster, and less expensive.

But these computers are costly as compare to Personal Computer(PC).

Minicomputers are designed for real-time dedicated multi-user applications.

Example : HP-9000, IBM-17, etc.

vi) Micro Computer

Microcomputers are mainly used for personal work, education, and entertainment.

A normal person can buy a microcomputer easily because of less expensiveness and these computers are easy to use.

Example: Apple MAC, IBM PS/2, etc.

Hardware is the physical parts of the computer which we can see, touch and feel.

These are the main electronic devices that are used to build a computer system.

Example: Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, etc. 

Software is a set of programs that are used to perform a specific task. It tells to the hardware of the computer system what to do.

Mainly a software process the data into information.

Example : Paint, MS-Word, Photoshop, etc. 

And there are two types of software are i) System Software, ii) Application Software.

Firmware is the combination of hardware and software.

A Firmware is an instruction program on the hardware it tells to the hardware how to communicate with software.

Memory and Its Types

Memory is one of the fundamental components of all computer systems.  That is used to store data of information for the future.

There are basically three types of memory: i) Primary Memory, ii)Secondary or Auxillary Memory, and Cache Memory.

Primary Memory

Primary memory in the computer is known as main memory. This memory is a volatile type of memory.

And it  can store data and instruction only temporarily. Example: RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory).

Secondary Memory

In the computer system, it is known as, External or Auxiliary Memory.

It is a non-volatile type of memory. This means it can store data permanently or in the case of power-off.

Example: Hard Disk, Floppy Disk, CD, DVD, etc. 

Sequential Access

Data and information can be read or store in a sequential form.

In this type of memory data or information are processed in order means one data or information after the other.

Magnetic Disk

Data is store in magnetize medium.

Data can be access one or more time from this memory.

This type of memory stores data in form of non-volatile memory.

Optical Disk

Data is store in digital form(0 or 1).

This type of memory uses optical technology and techniques to read and write data.

In this memory, data is sequentially accessed. Laser beam technology is use for data reading and writing.

Flash Memory

It is non-volatile memory. And use to transfer data between PC and Digital Devices.

This type of memory has the ability to be reprogrammed and electrically erase.

It is found in USB Flash Drives, MP3 Players, etc.

Programming Language

Use to communication with the computer system.

Programming languages are the set of Keywords, symbols, and syntax rules.

Every Programming Languages have their own syntax and specific rules.

Types of Programming Languages

I) low-level language.

Which is called Machine code or Object code and is directly understood by the CPU. And very difficult to understand for humans. 

ii) High-Level Language

These programming languages are machine-independent and user translator. These languages are closer to humans and called as Source Code.

The assemble translates the source program in assembly language in machine code.

The compiler translates user code to an object code. It read the entire source code, collect and reorganize the errors. It translates the entire program.

Interpreter

An interpreter translates individual lines and instructions and then executes the translated object code without saving it. It gives the result of the executed program.

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Problem solving techniques using C bca 1st sem Paperback – 10 June 2018

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  1. problem solving techniques using c bca 1st sem textbook pdf

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  2. C PROGRAMMING

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  4. PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING

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  1. C Language Tutorial In kannada

  2. B.A/Bsc.|| 4th sem| Programming in c & Numerical Method

  3. #C#PROGRAMMING /FOR DIPLOMA STUDENTS 2nd SEMESTER/STEPS INVOLVED IN PROBLEM SOLVING

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  5. Programming Principles Algorithm

  6. Bcs 011 Computer Fundamental Complete Marathon🔥| Bcs 011 Solved Question Papers

COMMENTS

  1. Problem solving techniques using c

    In fact, the task of problem solving is not that of the computer. It is the programmer who has to write down the solution to the problem in terms of simple operations which the computer can understand and execute. In order to solve a problem by the computer, one has to pass though certain stages or steps. They are. Understanding the problem

  2. BCA Books & Notes 2024: Download PDF (1st, 2nd & 3rd Year)

    BCA Books & Notes for 1st, 2nd & 3rd year students are available for free to download in pdf format. 100% Free to download & cover almost all the BCA subjects. ... The third semester starts with the introduction to C++ programming, & then continues towards DAA (Design and Analysis of System), Data & File Structures & finally the DBMS (Database ...

  3. C programming complete notes

    a computer program is just a collection of the instructions necessary to solve a specific problem. The basic operations of a computer system form what is known as the computer's instruction set. And the approach or method that is used to solve the problem is known as an algorithm. So for as programming language concern these are of two types.

  4. Notes of c programming 1st unit BCA I SEM

    2) Programs written in C are efficient and fast. This is due to its variety of data types and powerful operators. 3) C's code is very portable, in the sense that it is easy to adapt software written for one type of computer or operating system to another type. 4) C has very small key words (only 32).

  5. Unit-I C

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    1. (UNIT-4 ) PPA Notes by: Mansi Tyagi PPA (UNIT - 5) INTRODUCTION TO Problem Solving In general, in our daily life ,we face a variety of problems that may be related to any field. The same problem can be solved in different way by different person and the techniques used for the solution by someone may be correct. The nature of the problem depends on the situation. Problem solving may be an ...

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    approach to solve a given problem. It is represented in an English like language and has some mathematical symbols like ->, >, <, = etc. To solve a given problem or to write a program you approach towards solution of the problem in a systematic, disciplined, non-adhoc, step-by-step way is called Algorithmic approach.

  10. BCA C-Programming Solved Question Paper Notes Pdf

    Ans. An array of structure in C-programming is a collection of different datatype variable, grouped together under a single name. The structural declaration is as follows: Here, struct is the keyword. tagname specifies name of structure. member 1, member 2 specifies the data items that make up structure. Q4.

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  12. Bangalore University BCA 1st Sem Problem Solving Techniques ...

    Book Free Class. Bangalore University BCA 1st Sem Problem Solving Techniques NEP Study Materials and Previous Year Question Papers. Free Notes. Module 1 Get Notes. Get Solved Question papers. Previous Year Question papers. Reference Videos. Module 2

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  14. PROBLEM SOLVING WITH C

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  15. BCA 1st Semester Syllabus (2023)

    The subjects in BCA 1st semester provide a solid foundation in the fundamentals of information technology and computers. These subjects are essential for students who want to pursue a career in information technology. They will help students develop their problem-solving skills, communication skills, and their ability to write and debug code.

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    Write a c program to print first n natural numbers using while loop. 12. Write a c program to print all the odd numbers in a given range. 13. Write a c program to add first n numbers using while loop. 14. Write a c program to print all numbers divisible by 3 or 5 in a given range. 15. Write a c program to add even numbers in a given range. 16.

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  18. Computer Fundamentals Notes For BCA 1st SEM PDF Download[Part-1/4]

    4) Fourth Generation (1974-89) i) These computer systems use Large Scale IC Chips. ii) Modular designs are available for the users. iii) In this generation use of microcomputers is increased. iv) Storage capacity and speed of the systems are increased. v) A greater versatility of Input/Output devices is introduced.

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    LOYOLA COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE. Department of Computer Applications PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES III BCA UNIT I Introduction To Computer Problem-Solving: Introduction - The Problem-solving Aspect - Top-down Design-implementation of Algorithms- Program Verification - The Efficiency of Algorithms.UNIT-II Analysis of Algorithm: Fundamental Algorithms - Exchanging the values of Two Variables

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    End Semester Examination, December -2023 Program: BCA Semester: First Course: Problem Solving Techniques Using C Course Code: 3CCC102 Course Objective: Students will be able to 1. To learn the fundamental programming concepts and methodologies which are essential to building good C. 2.

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